Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest
Graham A. Watt; Richard A. Fleming; Sandy M. Smith; Marie-Josée Fortin
MDPI Publishing
Published 2018
MDPI Publishing
Published 2018
| Publication Date: |
2018-05-10
|
|---|---|
| Publisher: |
MDPI Publishing
|
| Electronic ISSN: |
1999-4907
|
| Topics: |
Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
|
| Published by: |
| _version_ | 1836398924226625537 |
|---|---|
| autor | Graham A. Watt; Richard A. Fleming; Sandy M. Smith; Marie-Josée Fortin |
| beschreibung | Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest Forests doi: 10.3390/f9050256 Authors: Graham A. Watt Richard A. Fleming Sandy M. Smith Marie-Josée Fortin Spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), defoliation has been shown to affect the occurrence of crown fire in Ontario, highlighting the need to better understand the driving factors of this effect on forest structure, including changes in fuel loading, type and position. Here, we investigate five boreal mixedwood sites within four zones that experienced different durations of continuous defoliation by spruce budworm in northeastern Ontario. Duration of defoliation had significant effects on vertical stand components, namely, host overstory to host understory crown overlap, host overstory and host understory crown to downed woody debris overlap, and downed woody debris height and quantity. Vertical stand components tended to increase with the duration of continuous defoliation, with the highest vertical fuel continuity occurring after 16 years of continuous defoliation. Such increases in the vertical spatial continuity of fuels may be a key reason for the greater percentage of area burned in those forests which have recently sustained a spruce budworm outbreak. |
| citation_standardnr | 6254919 |
| datenlieferant | ipn_articles |
| feed_id | 128597 |
| feed_publisher | MDPI Publishing |
| feed_publisher_url | http://www.mdpi.com/ |
| insertion_date | 2018-05-10 |
| journaleissn | 1999-4907 |
| publikationsjahr_anzeige | 2018 |
| publikationsjahr_facette | 2018 |
| publikationsjahr_intervall | 7984:2015-2019 |
| publikationsjahr_sort | 2018 |
| publisher | MDPI Publishing |
| quelle | Forests |
| relation | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/9/5/256 |
| search_space | articles |
| shingle_author_1 | Graham A. Watt; Richard A. Fleming; Sandy M. Smith; Marie-Josée Fortin |
| shingle_author_2 | Graham A. Watt; Richard A. Fleming; Sandy M. Smith; Marie-Josée Fortin |
| shingle_author_3 | Graham A. Watt; Richard A. Fleming; Sandy M. Smith; Marie-Josée Fortin |
| shingle_author_4 | Graham A. Watt; Richard A. Fleming; Sandy M. Smith; Marie-Josée Fortin |
| shingle_catch_all_1 | Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest Forests doi: 10.3390/f9050256 Authors: Graham A. Watt Richard A. Fleming Sandy M. Smith Marie-Josée Fortin Spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), defoliation has been shown to affect the occurrence of crown fire in Ontario, highlighting the need to better understand the driving factors of this effect on forest structure, including changes in fuel loading, type and position. Here, we investigate five boreal mixedwood sites within four zones that experienced different durations of continuous defoliation by spruce budworm in northeastern Ontario. Duration of defoliation had significant effects on vertical stand components, namely, host overstory to host understory crown overlap, host overstory and host understory crown to downed woody debris overlap, and downed woody debris height and quantity. Vertical stand components tended to increase with the duration of continuous defoliation, with the highest vertical fuel continuity occurring after 16 years of continuous defoliation. Such increases in the vertical spatial continuity of fuels may be a key reason for the greater percentage of area burned in those forests which have recently sustained a spruce budworm outbreak. Graham A. Watt; Richard A. Fleming; Sandy M. Smith; Marie-Josée Fortin MDPI Publishing 1999-4907 19994907 |
| shingle_catch_all_2 | Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest Forests doi: 10.3390/f9050256 Authors: Graham A. Watt Richard A. Fleming Sandy M. Smith Marie-Josée Fortin Spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), defoliation has been shown to affect the occurrence of crown fire in Ontario, highlighting the need to better understand the driving factors of this effect on forest structure, including changes in fuel loading, type and position. Here, we investigate five boreal mixedwood sites within four zones that experienced different durations of continuous defoliation by spruce budworm in northeastern Ontario. Duration of defoliation had significant effects on vertical stand components, namely, host overstory to host understory crown overlap, host overstory and host understory crown to downed woody debris overlap, and downed woody debris height and quantity. Vertical stand components tended to increase with the duration of continuous defoliation, with the highest vertical fuel continuity occurring after 16 years of continuous defoliation. Such increases in the vertical spatial continuity of fuels may be a key reason for the greater percentage of area burned in those forests which have recently sustained a spruce budworm outbreak. Graham A. Watt; Richard A. Fleming; Sandy M. Smith; Marie-Josée Fortin MDPI Publishing 1999-4907 19994907 |
| shingle_catch_all_3 | Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest Forests doi: 10.3390/f9050256 Authors: Graham A. Watt Richard A. Fleming Sandy M. Smith Marie-Josée Fortin Spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), defoliation has been shown to affect the occurrence of crown fire in Ontario, highlighting the need to better understand the driving factors of this effect on forest structure, including changes in fuel loading, type and position. Here, we investigate five boreal mixedwood sites within four zones that experienced different durations of continuous defoliation by spruce budworm in northeastern Ontario. Duration of defoliation had significant effects on vertical stand components, namely, host overstory to host understory crown overlap, host overstory and host understory crown to downed woody debris overlap, and downed woody debris height and quantity. Vertical stand components tended to increase with the duration of continuous defoliation, with the highest vertical fuel continuity occurring after 16 years of continuous defoliation. Such increases in the vertical spatial continuity of fuels may be a key reason for the greater percentage of area burned in those forests which have recently sustained a spruce budworm outbreak. Graham A. Watt; Richard A. Fleming; Sandy M. Smith; Marie-Josée Fortin MDPI Publishing 1999-4907 19994907 |
| shingle_catch_all_4 | Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest Forests doi: 10.3390/f9050256 Authors: Graham A. Watt Richard A. Fleming Sandy M. Smith Marie-Josée Fortin Spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), defoliation has been shown to affect the occurrence of crown fire in Ontario, highlighting the need to better understand the driving factors of this effect on forest structure, including changes in fuel loading, type and position. Here, we investigate five boreal mixedwood sites within four zones that experienced different durations of continuous defoliation by spruce budworm in northeastern Ontario. Duration of defoliation had significant effects on vertical stand components, namely, host overstory to host understory crown overlap, host overstory and host understory crown to downed woody debris overlap, and downed woody debris height and quantity. Vertical stand components tended to increase with the duration of continuous defoliation, with the highest vertical fuel continuity occurring after 16 years of continuous defoliation. Such increases in the vertical spatial continuity of fuels may be a key reason for the greater percentage of area burned in those forests which have recently sustained a spruce budworm outbreak. Graham A. Watt; Richard A. Fleming; Sandy M. Smith; Marie-Josée Fortin MDPI Publishing 1999-4907 19994907 |
| shingle_title_1 | Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest |
| shingle_title_2 | Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest |
| shingle_title_3 | Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest |
| shingle_title_4 | Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest |
| timestamp | 2025-06-30T23:34:48.283Z |
| titel | Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest |
| titel_suche | Forests, Vol. 9, Pages 256: Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) Defoliation Promotes Vertical Fuel Continuity in Ontario’s Boreal Mixedwood Forest |
| topic | ZA-ZE |
| uid | ipn_articles_6254919 |