Search Results - "International Ophthalmology"

1573-2630

birdshot chorioretinopathy ; cystoid macular oedema ; papilloedema ; retinal vasculitis ; vitritis ; vitiliginous chorioretinitis

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Six patients with typical birdshot chorioretinopathy are described. Characteristic features are: scattered cream-coloured hypopigmented or atrophic spots, cystoid macular oedema and/or papilloedema, chronic vitritis but with minimal or no inflammatory signs in the anterior segment and without white precipitates in the pars plana. Choroidal and retinal vasculopathy are shown to be essential features.

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1573-2630

myopic ; myopic anisometropia ; intraocular pressure ; outflow facility

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract The authors studied the intraocular pressure, scleral rigidity and outflow facility of 137 anisometropic subjects with unilateral high myopia. The contralateral eyes were emmetropic, hyperopic or slightly myopic (less than 5 diopters). No difference was found between the intraocular pressure on the two sides. The scleral rigidity was lower and the outflow facility higher on the myopic side. It is concluded that high myopia is not, in itself, a cause of ocular hypertension, nor is caused by it.

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1573-2630

proptosis ; chondrosarcoma ; multiple enchondromatosis

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract We present of a case of Ollier's disease (multiple enchondromatosis) with orbital involvement secondary to malignant changes of a chondroma probably originating from the ethmoid. This patient demonstrated an objective remission, lasting now for more than two years, following radiotherapy. We also review the literature on chondromas and choncrosarcomas of the orbit.

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1573-2630

automated perimetry ; visual field examination ; glaucoma

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract The Peritest is a new automatic and semi-automatic (manual) perimeter for detection and limited assessment of visual field defects. It uses either multiple or single stimulus static perimetry. The lightsources are LED's. A total of 206 positions can be examined including the center; 151 positions inside 25°-eccentricity. The programmes use a threshold-related gradient adapted suprathreshold (0.6) strategy. The results are printed on a special chart using non-interpolated grey scales for indicating local reduction of sensitivity. General and local reduction of sensitivity are separated. The progress of the examination can be followed on a LED monitor. The reliability of the patient is measured. 70% of small early glaucomatous defects (that are only found by high resolution meridional static perimetry) were detected. Such defects are not usually detected by routine kinetic perimetry. More peripheral defects were detected (〉 25°) than by kinetic perimetry. Due to the relatively high number of stimuli the typical configuration of defects was satisfactorily demonstrated for defects of moderate size and larger. The duration of the examination varies from less than 4 min. for a semi-automatic examination of normal eyes to 10–20 min. for automatic examination of eyes with defects of moderate size (average 15 minutes for 206 positions).

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1573-2630

experimental ; choroidal neovascularization ; fluorescein angiography ; histology ; ultrastructure

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

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1573-2630

choroid ; macula ; vascular disorders ; circulation

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract The various macular lesions secondary to choroidal vascular disorders are classified, for descriptive purposes, into five categories. The role of the choroidal vascular disorders in each of these groups is reviewed and discussed; in some conditions it is well-established, in others it is probable, while in still others it remains a possibility.

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1573-2630

embryology ; anatomy ; choriodal vascularization ; angiography of the choroid

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Fluorescein fundus angiographies performed with the Cannon wide-angle fundus camera enable a good vascular definition, which improves our knowledge of the choroidal circulation. Owing to the better quality of filters, the choroidal arteriolar network can be seen more precisely. Our recent studies have enabled us to confirm the existence of a special avascular area in the central part of the submacular choroid, surrounded by a perimacular choriocapillaris ring. In the macular area, the choriocapillaris corresponds to a thin layer which is most probably supplied by several arterioles from the short posterior ciliary arteries near their site of entry into the eyeball. As stated by Hayreh, there may be a central area where the capillary pressure, while being well balanced, is very low.

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1573-2630

choriocapillaris ; choriodopathy ; vasculitis ; retinal pigment epithelium

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Acute multifocal ischaemic choroidopathy (AMIC) seems to be a better name than acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (A.P.M.P.P.E.). Fluorescein angiography indicates obstruction of the precapillary choroidal arterioles leading to non perfused choriocapillaris lobules and focal swelling of the retinal pigment epithelium at the site of the lesions. Furthermore in many fluorescein angiograms of human patients the specific mosaic pattern of the choriocapillaris can be observed, which was described in monkeys by Hayreh & Baines (7). The choroid has, indeed, an endarterial system. The special conditions in which a well-defined appearance of the choriocapillaris occurs are listed.

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1573-2630

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

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1573-2630

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

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1573-2630

contact glass ; Q-switched ND:YAG laser ; laser microsurgery

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract A new mirror contact glass for irradiation of pathological structures within the angle of the anterior chamber with high power lasers is described. The new contact glass is distinguished by its optimized optical characteristics. Due to its spherical front surface, tipping movements, as necessary in inspection and aiming manoeuvres, have no significant influence on the focus diameter. That the imaging quality is independent of the contact glass manipulations is seen as essential for laser surgical tasks with high power lasers, since changes in the focus diameter critically affect the power density at the focus and thus the intensity of the microsurgical effects. The increased spatial reliability of the laser-induced microexplosion is thought to be a further merit of the new contact glass.

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1573-2630

contact glass ; Q-switched Nd:YAG laser ; laser microsurgery

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Two new contact glasses, one for irradiation of the iris and the other for irradiation of pathological structures within the pupillary and retropupillary regions are described. First order geometric considerations using the Young-Weierstrass imaging theorem indicate nearly aberration-free, stigmatic focussing, even for large numerical apertures. For surgical tasks utilizing high-power lasers, excellent focussing of strongly convergent ray-bundles which lead to small focus diameter and large diameters while passing through the pre-focal optical media are seen to be essential. Thus the efficiency of the laser-surgical treatment, its reliability, as well as security and harmlessness within the pre-focal media are increased.

Electronic Resource

1573-2630

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1573-2630

central retinal vein occlusion ; bilateral simultaneous fluorescein angiography of the retina ; bilateral simultaneous fluorescein angiography of the iris ; ischaemic or non-ischaemic type ; radial iris ; vessel leakage

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Twenty-two patients with a recently developed C.R.V.O. (central retinal vein occlusion) (symptoms: less than four weeks) are discussed. A delay in A.R.C.T. (arm to retina circulation time) in the affected eye was found in two patients with an ischaemic type of C.R.V.O. and in 3 patients with a non-ischaemic type of C.R.V.O. No side difference could be demonstrated in A.I.C.T. (arm to iris circulation time). Leakage of radial iris vessels on fluorescein angiography was found in 6 out of 7 patients with an ischaemic type of C.R.V.O. and in 2 out of 15 patients with a non-ischaemic type of C.R.V.O. Radial iris vessel leakage may be a helpful prognostic sign in C.R.V.O.

Electronic Resource

1573-2630

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1573-2630

pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal degeneration

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract A 26-year-old female showed a bilateral ophthalmoscopic picture of pigmented paravenous retino-choroidal distrophy 19 years after neuro-retinitis following measles. Pigmentary disturbances in the fundus were not reported in 1963 clinical record; however functional tests are at present practically unchanged. Some debated aspects of this condition are discussed.

Electronic Resource

1573-2630

iris vessels ; Pilocarpine ; Timolol ; levo-epinephrine ; Thymoxamine ; fluorescein angiography

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract In 24 normal eyes of healthy adult rhesus monkeys, the effects of 1% Pilocarpine, 0.5% Timolol, 0.5% levoepinephrine (Epifrin) and 0.5% Thymoxamine were tested on the iris vessels, intraocular pressure and pupil size. Fluorescein iris angiography and applanation tonometry were performed on the eyes before the use of any drug, and then 2–4 h after topical instillation of each drug; all drugs were used in all the eyes, an interval of one week being left after the use of each drug. The findings of this study suggest that Pilocarpine and Timolol produced vasodilation. Epifrin and Thymoxamine seemed to have no appreciable effect. Pilocarpine produced miosis while other drugs had no significant effect on pupil size. Pilocarpine, Timolol and Epifrin each produced a significant fall in the intraocular pressure. The mechanisms of vascular changes are discussed. The various limitations of fluorescein iris angiography in such a study are stressed.

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1573-2630

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

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1573-2630

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

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1573-2630

light damage ; retina ; microsurgery ; intra-ocular lens

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract The use of the operating microscope has become almost a necessity in the surgery of the anterior segment of the eye. However the coaxial light of the operating microscope is potentially hazardous for the retina, especially during intra-ocular lens implantation. The risk of producing a photic retinopathy increases if the duration of the surgical procedure is prolonged once the pseudophakos is in the eye and if high levels of illumination are used. We encountered our first case in a patient, whose intervention was filmed and where thus an increased illumination was needed. This complication is however also found in cases where no extra illumination was needed. As the clinical signs are usually very mild, the retinal lesions related to over-exposure to light are easily overlooked.

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