Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:Y. Fujii)

2018-01-09

American Physical Society (APS)

1098-0121

1095-3795

Physics

Superfluidity and superconductivity

2015-04-10

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Histidine/chemistry/metabolism ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Adiponectin/*chemistry/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Zinc/metabolism

2018-05-07

BMJ Publishing

2044-6055

Medicine

Clinical trials (epidemiology), Open access, Neurology

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The crystallization process and magnetic properties of Fe–P–C–Cu–Ge–Si amorphous alloys were investigated. After annealing above the crystallization temperature, the bcc Fe particles, with nanoscale grain size, precipitated in the amorphous alloy for a wide P concentration range. The volume ratio of the bcc Fe phase to amorphous was about 30%. The mixed phase of these alloys shows a drastic decrease of coercive force (Hc) and particle diameter (d) as P concentration increases. The lowest Hc was obtained for Fe78P16C2Cu0.5Ge3Si0.5, and Hc and d were 1.8 A/m and 16 nm, respectively. Observation by in situ Lorentz scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the width of magnetic domains were 0.01 or 0.1 mm and the domain walls with smaller bcc Fe particles moved in a weaker magnetic field than those with larger ones. So the low Hc is attributed to the decrease of magnetocrystalline anisotropy caused by fine structures. The core loss of fine crystalline Fe–P–C–Cu–Si–Mo alloy, W14/50, was 0.22 W/kg after annealing under a magnetic field of 2.4 kA/m.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Elastic and thermal properties of Au/Ni superlattices have been investigated by x-ray diffraction on a synchrotron radiation source at the Photon Factory. An elastic response of [Au(10 A(ring))/Ni(10 A(ring))]50 to hydrostatic pressure generated by a diamond anvil cell has been measured in the layer-stacking direction. Its compressibility obtained from the pressure dependence of its superlattice period (Λ vs P) shows an anomalously small value compared with either bulk Au or Ni metal. Linear thermal expansions has also been measured by a similar method (Λ vs T). A significant anisotropic behavior between the layer-stacking and in-plane direction was found in both [Au(10 A(ring))/Ni(10 A(ring))]50 and [Au(4 A(ring))/Ni(4 A(ring))]210.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Argon electron cyclotron resonance plasma characteristics discharged by 7.0, 8.0, and 9.4 GHz microwaves are measured at 0.013 and 0.080 Pa in a cylindrical chamber. The plasma densities and electron temperatures were found to be almost independent of the microwave frequency at 0.013 Pa, whereas clear differences were seen at 0.080 Pa. At 0.080 Pa, the plasma densities were observed to increase with the increase in the discharge frequency. Electron temperatures at 0.080 Pa also appeared to become higher with the increase in discharge frequency. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1524-475X

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Aim:  Trefoil factor family (TFF) peptides are known to facilitate wound healing in gastric mucosa. However, the regulatory mechanisms of gastric TFF expression are not fully understood yet. In this study, we examined the effect of TNF-α on TFF1 and TFF2 expression in gastric epithelial cells.Methods:  MKN45 cells were used. TFF mRNA expression was analyzed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Promoter sequences of TFF1 gene (−956 to +36) and TFF2 gene (−912 to +24) were inserted into pGL3 vector and reporter gene assays were performed. NF-κB activity was monitored by using a NF-κB responsive element-driven reporter vector.Results:  (1) TNF-α(0.1–30 ng/ml) down-regulated TFF1 and TFF2 mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner. (2) Reporter gene assays also confirmed the down-regulation of TFF1 and TFF2 gene transcription by TNF-α. (3) TNF-α activated NF-κB. (4) Overexpression of dominant negative IκBα prevented both TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation and TNF-α-induced down-regulation of TFF expression.Conclusions:  TNF-α down-regulates gastric TFF expression through NF-κB pathway, suggesting that TFF expression is sensitive to inflammatory stimuli.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

A CuO/MgO epitaxial artificially superstructured film [CuO(50 A(ring))/MgO(40 A(ring))]40 was successfully grown and its structure was studied by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The film was found to have a texture in which the (111) planes of monoclinic CuO and the (001) planes of cubic MgO were layered perpendicular to the film plane. Its lateral structure was revealed by precession photographs where the CuO [101¯] axis is oriented approximately along the MgO [100] axis in the film plane. The XRD pattern, observed over a wide range of scattering vectors perpendicular to the film plane, was carefully analyzed by an extended step model. The fluctuation of the superlattice period was estimated to be as small as 1 A(ring).

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Mössbauer spectra of 57Fe-doped polycrystalline CuO/Al2O3 multilayers (CAOs) show magnetic ordering at liquid helium temperature. The Néel temperature of a CAO with thin CuO layers is lower than that of bulk CuO judged from the temperature dependence of the Mössbauer spectra. A paramagnetic component was observed in all magnetic susceptibility measurements of the multilayers. The component also exists in both polycrystalline and epitaxial CuO/MgO multilayers. We have found that the component was localized at interfaces and derived from the spin fluctuation effect. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Films of (Yb,Tb,Bi)3Fe5O12 show excellent characteristics of the Faraday rotator at the wavelength of 1.3 μm; the rotation is −1800 deg/cm, insertion loss 0.3 dB, isolation 38 dB, and the temperature dependence of the Faraday rotation is 0.060 deg/K at room temperature. The films are grown epitaxially on the (Gd,Ca)3(Ga,Mg,Zr)5O12 substrates, from the melt in the flux PbO/B2O3/Bi2O3. The melt contains rare-earth ions (R=Y,Gd,Er,Dy,Tm,Yb,Lu) as c-site components of rare-earth iron garnets, and Fe and Ga+Al as a- and d-site components. The obtained film thickness is in the range 300–400 μm without appreciable defects on the substrate, with a 2-in. diameter. This technology will lead to the efficient production of the optical isolator used in optical systems.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

In order to obtain reliable data on d values and integrated intensities, an imaging plate (IP) has been applied to high-pressure diffraction experiments with a diamond anvil cell using synchrotron radiation. The IP was found to be more effective than a conventional x-ray film by a factor of 30, and more effective than an energy dispersive method by several times. In order to integrate the intensity data on the IP, a histogram method was successfully developed. This combination proved to give a lattice constant with relative accuracy of 2×10−4, and observed integrated intensities which excellently agree with calculated ones.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

This paper describes the performance of a four-circle diffractometer installed at the Photon Factory for extensive use with synchrotron radiation for various investigations in the field of solid state physics. Its main part is based on a Huber 5020.4 type diffractometer with a crystal analyzer designed for vertical diffraction plane attitude. The diffractometer is mounted on a carriage table, which can precisely adjust the position of the diffractometer with respect to the incident beam monochromatized by successive reflection from a pair of Si(111) crystals. With a perfect crystal used as the analyzer the large size of the ω and 2θ circles enables us to make high resolution (ΔQ/Q∼10−4) measurements of x-ray scattering intensity distribution from a single crystal. The large space in the center of the diffractometer permits us to put a pressurizing cell or a cryostat on the φ table for scattering measurements at controlled pressures and temperatures. Selected examples of the application are presented.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Synchrotron radiation (SR) has been proved to be a powerful tool for x-ray study under pressure. So far, an energy dispersive method has been used because the intensity of the monochromatized beam is not strong enough for the very small sample under pressure, even if SR is used. In order to perform an angle-dispersive method under pressure, we need to use one- or two-dimensional detectors. Recently, a photostimulable fluorescence plate, named an imaging plate (IP), has been successfully used as an x-ray detector at the Photon Factory. We tried to combine a diamond anvil cell with SR and IP. Exposure time on IP for the diffraction from Ag in a diamond anvil cell at 22 keV is shorter than that on an x-ray film by a factor of 50. Resolution of IP (180 μm) is not a severe problem where IP is apart from the sample by 150 mm. Data on IP are digitally treated, so that it is easy to integrate the intensity along the Debye ring. Then, the reliability becomes more than 10 times better than a one-dimensional scan. Accuracy in determination of lattice constants and integrated intensity will be presented.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

A ZnSe/ZnSSe blue semiconductor laser was demonstrated to show very low threshold by direct photopumping of the ZnSe active layer. The lowest threshold at the excitation wavelength of 445 nm was 10 kW/cm2 at 300 K which is equivalent to the current density of 3.6 kA/cm2. This is the lowest threshold ever reported in II-VI photopumped lasers and is approaching the theoretically calculated threshold. The characteristic temperature of the threshold, which characterizes the temperature dependence of the threshold in the exponential form, was 124 K up to the measured 400 K and was comparable to III-V double-heterostructure lasers. The differential quantum efficiency remained the similar level up to 400 K and its decrease observed at 400 K was within 23% of the efficiency at 300 K.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

The characteristics of argon electron cyclotron resonance plasma discharged by 7.0, 8.0, and 9.4 GHz microwaves were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a fixed magnetic field. It was found that the electron temperatures Te exhibited a trend of Te7.0〈Te8.0〈Te9.4 (suffixes represent the discharge microwave frequencies). © 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

We have studied the recovery of post-tetanic count and train-of-four responses at the great toe and thumb accelerographically after the administration of vecuronium 0.2 mgkg−1. Sixty adult patients scheduled for anaesthesia with nitrous oxide and isoflurane were studied. The times to the return of the first post-tetanic twitch were comparable at the great toe and thumb (mean (SD) times: 30.0 (6.5) min and 35.0 (8.5) min, respectively). Recovery of post-tetanic count followed similar time courses at the great toe and thumb. Also, time to the return of the first twitch of the train-of-four did not differ significantly at the great toe and thumb (47.5 (9.6) min vs. 49.7 (10.5) min). Similarly, time to the return of the second, third and fourth twitches of the train-of-four did not significantly differ at the great toe and the thumb. However, the value of the first twitch of the train-of-four, expressed as a proportion of control twitch, was significantly higher than that at the thumb between 50 min and 110 min after the vecuronium injection, and the train-of-four ratio at the great toe was significantly higher than that at the thumb between 60 min and 100 min after the vecuronium injection.

Electronic Resource

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

The efficacy of granisetron, droperidol and metoclopramide for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in female patients undergoing middle ear surgery was compared. In a randomised, double-blind study, 180 patients received granisetron 40 μg.kg−1, droperidol 20 μg.kg−1 or metoclopramide 0.2 mg.kg−1 given intravenously immediately before induction of anaesthesia (n = 60 for each). A standardised general anaesthetic technique was employed throughout. A complete response, defined as no postoperative nausea and vomiting and no need for another rescue anti-emetic, during the first 3 h after anaesthesia was achieved in 83%, 58% and 55% of patients who had received granisetron, droperidol and metoclopramide, respectively. The corresponding incidence during the next 21 h after anaesthesia was 85%, 54% and 47% (p 〈 0.05). No clinically important adverse effects were observed in any of the groups. We conclude that prophylactic therapy with granisetron is superior to droperidol or metoclopramide in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after middle ear surgery.

Electronic Resource

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

We investigated the accelographic train-of-four response evaluated at the great toe at varying stimulating currents. Fifteen adult patients undergoing elective general anaesthesia were studied. The mean current at which a supramaximal T1 value could be elicited was 〉 49 (9) mA [mean (SD)]. Ratios of accelographic T1 values at 50, 40, 30, 20 and 10 mA to accelographic T1 value at 60 mA were 0.90 (0.18), 0.58 (0.37), 0.38 (0.37), 0.19 (0.26) and 0.00 (0.00), respectively [mean (SD), p 〈 0.05 for 50 mA vs. 30, 20 and 10 mA, p 〈 0.05 for 40 mA vs. 20 and 10 mA, and p 〈 0.05 for 30 vs. 10 mA]. Threshold currents for train-of-four (the lowest currents at which any train-of-four response could be elicited) before and after induction of anaesthesia were 30 (10) and 31 (10) mA, respectively. The train-of-four ratio (T4/T1) measured at varying currents did not differ significantly. However, in the patients in whom threshold currents for train-of-four were 40, 30 and 20 mA, the train-of-four ratio recorded at the threshold current was significantly less than at 50 mA. We conclude that at the great toe, the mean current at which a supramaximal response to train-of-four can be yielded is as high as 〉 49 mA. The mean threshold currents for TOF before and after induction of anaesthesia were 30 and 31 mA, respectively. Train-of-four ratio measured at the threshold current is less than that at 50 mA.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

A compact electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source (compact ECRIS) for the mass spectrometer was tested. A feature of the compact ECRIS is its size, i.e., inner diameter: 22.5 mm (1 in. tube), length: 56 mm. ECR plasmas in this ion source using argon gas were discharged by high-frequency microwaves, 7–10 GHz. It was confirmed that the plasma was generated in the pressure range 30–410 mPa at the low input power of 5 W. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1365-2559

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Aims : To investigate whether Glia maturation factor-β (GMFB) is expressed in thymomas and is associated with T-cell development.Methods and results : We investigated the expression of GMFB by immunohistochemistry in 86 cases of thymoma classified into five type A, 35 type AB, 11 type B1, 26 type B2, and nine type B3 thymomas according to the World Health Organization classification system. Immunoblotting and in situ hybridization (ISH) studies were also performed in selected cases. The results of the immunoblot analysis were in accordance with those of immunohistochemical scoring. The ISH study ascertained the tumour cells producing the protein. Immunohistochemically, GMFB expression was observed in one (20%) of type A, 32 (80%) of type AB, all (100%) of type B1 and B2, and eight (89%) of type B3 thymoma with statistically significant differences between type A and type AB, type B1, or type B2 thymoma, and between type B3 and type AB or type B2 thymoma. There was a significant correlation between GMFB expression and the amount of accompanying non-neoplastic T cells. GMFB promoted T-cell differentiation into CD4–/CD8+ cells when analysed by two-colour flow cytometry.Conclusions : The present study suggests that T-cell development in thymoma may be maintained partly by GMFB produced by the tumour cells.

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