Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:X. H. Zhang)

2018-10-12

Institute of Physics (IOP)

1755-1307

1755-1315

Geography

Geosciences

Physics

2015-09-04

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics/pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Genes, myc/*genetics ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Introns/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Metastasis/drug therapy ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics/metabolism ; RNA Precursors/biosynthesis/genetics ; RNA Splicing/drug effects ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis/genetics ; Ribonucleoprotein, U2 Small Nuclear/metabolism ; Ribonucleoproteins/metabolism ; Spliceosomes/*drug effects/*metabolism ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

2012-12-18

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Astrocytes/drug effects/*immunology/*metabolism ; Dopaminergic Neurons/drug effects ; Immunity, Innate/drug effects ; Inflammation/chemically induced/genetics/*immunology/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microglia/cytology/immunology ; Neuroprotective Agents/metabolism ; Quinpirole/pharmacology ; Receptors, Dopamine D2/agonists/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Substantia Nigra/cytology/drug effects ; alpha-Crystallin B Chain/genetics/*metabolism

2018-02-03

Institute of Physics (IOP)

1757-8981

1757-899X

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

2018-01-13

Wiley-Blackwell

1351-0754

1365-2389

Geosciences

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

2018-03-16

American Society of Hematology (ASH)

0006-4971

1528-0020

Biology

Medicine

Thrombocytopenia, Platelets and Thrombopoiesis

2018-06-03

Institute of Physics (IOP)

1755-1307

1755-1315

Geography

Geosciences

Physics

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

We have performed outgoing resonant Raman scattering and photoluminescence measurements on as-grown, Be- and C-implanted GaN in the temperature range of 77–330 K. In implanted GaN after postimplantation annealing at 1100 °C, the A1(LO) multiphonons up to the seventh order were observed with the very strong four longitudinal optical (LO) and five LO modes at ∼2955 and ∼3690 cm−1, respectively, showing extraordinary resonance behavior. With the sample temperature, these two modes significantly decreased and increased in intensity, respectively. The phenomenon is attributed to the variation of resonant conditions due to the shift of the band gap energy. Meanwhile, the combination of E2(high) and quasi-LO phonons was strongly enhanced by quasi-LO phonon involvement and thus the corresponding overtones can be clearly observed even up to the sixth order (m=6). The mechanisms that such strong outgoing multiphonon resonance Raman scattering occurred to implanted GaN instead of high-quality as-grown GaN samples can be attributed to the strong Frohlich-induced scattering by LO phonons and exciton-mediated resonant Raman scattering with impurity inducement. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The first-principles pseudopotential method combined with virtual crystal approximation is used to calculate band offsets at the In0.53(AlzGa1−z)0.47As/In0.52Al0.48As (001) heterostructures lattice matched to an InP substrate. It is found that the valence-band offset (VBO) varies with respect to the aluminum composition as VBO=0.18–0.16z–0.02z2 eV, while the conduction-band offset (CBO) varies as CBO=0.51–0.33z–0.18z2 eV. Our results are in good agreement with the experimental data. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

In this work, the band offsets at the Ga0.5In0.5P/AlxGa0.5−xIn0.5P heterojunction lattice matched to (001) GaAs was calculated over the whole range of aluminum composition from x=0.0 to 0.5 using the first-principles pseudopotential method with virtual crystal approximation. The valence band offset, VBO, varies with x as VBO=0.433x eV, while the inferred conduction band offset CBO at Γ minimum (band-gap difference minus the valence band offset) varies in x as CBOΓ=0.787x eV. Our results are in good agreement with the experimental data. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

We report the fabrication and characterization of AlxGa1−xN photodiodes (x∼0.70) grown on sapphire by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The peak responsivity for −5 V bias is 0.11 A/W at 232 nm, corresponding to an internal quantum efficiency greater than 90%. The device response drops four orders of magnitude by 275 nm and remains at low response for the entire near-ultraviolet and visible spectrum. Improvements were made to the device design including a semitransparent Ni/Au contact layer and a GaN:Mg cap layer, which dramatically increased device response by enhancing the carrier collection efficiency. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1365-2761

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

Medicine

Out of 19 Vibrio harveyi isolates obtained from a diversity of hosts and geographical locations, 14 were pathogenic to rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), and Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., with mortalities of up to 100% following intraperitoneal injections of 106 cells fish−1. The extracellular products (ECPs) of only five pathogenic isolates were harmful to fish. Both pathogenic and non-pathogenic cultures produced ECPs containing caseinase, gelatinase, phospholipase, lipase and haemolysins. Vibrio harveyi VIB 645, which was the most pathogenic isolate, produced ECPs with a maximal effect on salmonids from preparations obtained by using cellophane overlays on tryptone soya agar supplemented with 1% (w/v) sodium chloride with incubation at 28 °C for 24 h. This preparation contained the highest titre of haemolytic activity to Atlantic salmon (1:256) and rainbow trout (1:32) erythrocytes.

Electronic Resource

1551-2916

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Physics

Thermal shock strengths of a plate of a functionally graded material (FGM) are analyzed when the plate is suddenly exposed to an environmental medium of different temperature. A finite element/mode superposition method is proposed to solve the time-dependent temperature field. The admissible temperature jump that the material can sustain is studied using the stress-based and fracture mechanics-based criteria. The critical parameters governing the level of the transient thermal stress in the medium are identified. The strength of FGMs under transient thermal stresses is analyzed using both maximum local tensile stress and maximum stress intensity factor criteria.

Electronic Resource

0021-9614

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource

0021-9614

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource

1433-0385

Schlüsselwörter: Tissue Engineering ; Mesenchymale Stammzellen ; Knochen ; Knorpel. ; Keywords: Tissue engineering ; Mesenchymal stem cells ; Bone ; Cartilage.

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract. Tissue engineering offers the possibility to fabricate living substitutes for tissues and organs by combining histogenic cells and biocompatible carrier materials. Pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells are isolated and subcultured ex vivo and then their histogenic differentiation is induced by external factors. The fabrication of bone and cartilage constructs, their combinations and gene therapeutic approaches are demonstrated. Advantages and disadvantages of these methods are described by in vitro and in vitro testing. The proof of histotypical function after implantation in vivo is essential. The use of autologous cells and tissue engineering methods offers the possibility to overcome the disadvantages of classical tissue reconstruction – donor site morbidity of autologous grafts, immunogenicity of allogenic grafts and loosening of alloplastic implants. Furthermore, tissue engineering widens the spectrum of surgical indications in bone and cartilage reconstruction.

Zusammenfassung. Tissue engineering ermöglicht die Herstellung lebender Konstrukte zum Gewebeersatz durch die Kombination histogener Zellen und biokompatiblen Trägermaterialien. Pluripotente mesenchymale Stammzellen können isoliert, ex vivo vermehrt und ihre gewebetypische Differenzierung durch Faktoren induziert werden. Es wird die Herstellung von Knochen- und Knorpelkonstrukten, deren Kombination sowie gentherapeutische Ansätze dargestellt. Vor- und Nachteile der Methoden werden durch in vitro und in vivo Testung beschrieben. Essentiell ist der Nachweis der gewebetypischen Funktion der Konstrukte nach Implantation in den Defekt. Die Verwendung autogener Zellen und Methoden des Tissue engineerings bietet die Möglichkeit die Probleme des klassischen Gewebeersatzes – Morbidität der autogenen Spenderstelle, Immunogenität des allogenen Transplantats und Lockerung von alloplastischen Implantaten – zu überwinden und erweitert das Indikationsspektrum in der rekonstruktiven Chirurgie.

Electronic Resource

1434-0879

Interstitial stroma ; Carcinogenesis ; Bladder epithelium ; Neovascularization ; Electron microscopy

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract This study describes ultrastructural alterations of the interstitial stroma in the rat bladder epithelium during N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN)-induced bladder carcinogenesis using scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy with NaOH treatment. The results obtained with SEM demonstrated the occurrence and development of stroma protrusions which exhibited pipe-like structures in the rat bladder epithelium following administration of BBN. Number and size of blood vessel sections also gradually increased both in the stroma and within the layer of the proliferated epithelial cells as examined by light microscopy (LM) and TEM. In this study stroma alterations were not only observed in malignant lesions of rat bladder, but hyperplastic lesions were also accompanied by stroma alterations. It is suggested that: (1) the interstitial stroma of the rat bladder epithelium may exhibit pathological changes in structure and these changes may correlate with the progression of epithelial cell proliferation following administration of BBN and (2) one of the most important alterations in the stroma is the occurrence of neovascularization, which may induce structural modification of the stroma in the processes of bladder tumor growth and development.

Electronic Resource

1434-0879

Basement membrane ; Tumor invasion ; Transitional cell carcinoma ; Degradation ; Neosynthesis ; Hemidesmosome

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract This study describes ultrastructural alterations in the basement membrane (BM) of rat bladder with invasive transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine. Various alterations including thickening, degradation and neosynthesis were found in the bladder BM of one rat with invasive TCC. Focal destruction of both the BM lamina zones was found in addition to partially degraded BMs showing focal degradation and loss of only the BM lamina rara. Neosynthesis of complete BM including the lamina rara and lamina censa was observed surrounding the nests of carcinoma cells deep in the stroma, while neosynthesis of incomplete BM including only a lamina densa-like structure was also found around carcinoma cells which had just crossed the BM into the adjacent stroma from the original tumor masses. There was an increased hemidesmosomal frequency in some areas of thickened BM, and focal loss of hemidesmosome in the areas of degraded BM. It is suggested that BM degradation may take place in two steps, and that BM neosynthesis may also be a two-step process in invasive TCC of rat bladder.

Electronic Resource

1434-0879

Zinc ; Metallothionein ; Carcinogenesis ; Rat bladder ; Transitional cell carcinoma

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract This study investigated the presence of zinc and expression of metallothionein (MT) in different pathological changes of the rat bladder induced by administration of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN). Using the Timm staining method, the presence of zinc was observed in normal and benign hyperplastic epithelial cells of the rat bladder, particularly in the malignant bladder tumor, induced by the administration of BBN. Immunohistochemically, MT expression was detected only in noninvasive (30%) and invasive transitional cell carcinoma (80%) of the rat bladder where the tumor cells were rich in zinc. Our data suggest that: (1) growth and development of the rat bladder tumor, expecially malignant tumors, may have a high requirement for zinc and (2) MT synthesis may be induced by a high zinc concentration in rat bladder tumor cells.

Electronic Resource

1432-0894

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Geosciences

Physics

Abstract  This work concerns an analysis of inter-basin and inter-layer exchanges in the component ocean part of the coupled ECHAM4/OPYC3 general circulation model, aimed at documenting the simulation of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and related thermohaline circulations in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The modeled NADW is formed mainly in the Greenland– Iceland–Norwegian Seas through a composite effect of deep convection and downward cross-isopycnal transport. The modeled deep-layer outflow of NADW can reach 16 Sv near 30 °S in the South Atlantic, with the corresponding upper-layer return flow mainly coming from the “cold water path” through Drake Passage. Less than 4 Sv of the Agulhas “leakage” water contributes to the replacement of NADW along the “warm water path”. In the South Atlantic Ocean, the model shows that some intermediate isopycnal layers with potential densities ranging between 27.0 and 27.5 are the major water source that compensate the NADW return flow and enhance the Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) flowing from the Atlantic into Indian Ocean. The modeled thermohaline circulations in the Indian and Pacific Oceans indicate that the Indian Ocean may play the major role in converting deep water into intermediate water. About 16 Sv of the CDW-originating deep water enters the Indian Ocean northward of 31 °S, of which more than 13 Sv “upwell” mainly near the continental boundaries of Africa, South Asia and Australia through inter-layer exchanges and return to the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) as intermediate-layer water. As a contrast, only 4 Sv of Pacific intermediate water is connected to “upwelling” flow southward across 31 °S while the magnitude of northward deep flow across 31 °S in the Pacific Ocean is significantly greater than that in the Indian Ocean. The model suggests that a large portion of the deep waters entering the Pacific Ocean (about 14 Sv) “upwells” continually into some upper layers through the thermocline, and becomes the source of the Indonesian throughflow. Uncertainties in these results may be related to the incomplete adjustment of the model’s isopycnal layers and the sensitivity of the Indonesian throughflow to the model’s geography and topography.

Electronic Resource