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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressT. K. Warren ; R. Jordan ; M. K. Lo ; A. S. Ray ; R. L. Mackman ; V. Soloveva ; D. Siegel ; M. Perron ; R. Bannister ; H. C. Hui ; N. Larson ; R. Strickley ; J. Wells ; K. S. Stuthman ; S. A. Van Tongeren ; N. L. Garza ; G. Donnelly ; A. C. Shurtleff ; C. J. Retterer ; D. Gharaibeh ; R. Zamani ; T. Kenny ; B. P. Eaton ; E. Grimes ; L. S. Welch ; L. Gomba ; C. L. Wilhelmsen ; D. K. Nichols ; J. E. Nuss ; E. R. Nagle ; J. R. Kugelman ; G. Palacios ; E. Doerffler ; S. Neville ; E. Carra ; M. O. Clarke ; L. Zhang ; W. Lew ; B. Ross ; Q. Wang ; K. Chun ; L. Wolfe ; D. Babusis ; Y. Park ; K. M. Stray ; I. Trancheva ; J. Y. Feng ; O. Barauskas ; Y. Xu ; P. Wong ; M. R. Braun ; M. Flint ; L. K. McMullan ; S. S. Chen ; R. Fearns ; S. Swaminathan ; D. L. Mayers ; C. F. Spiropoulou ; W. A. Lee ; S. T. Nichol ; T. Cihlar ; S. Bavari
Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
Published 2016Staff ViewPublication Date: 2016-03-05Publisher: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Print ISSN: 0028-0836Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Alanine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Ebolavirus/drug effects ; Female ; HeLa Cells ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/*drug therapy/prevention & control ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta/*virology ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Organ Specificity ; Prodrugs/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Ribonucleotides/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/*therapeutic usePublished by: -
2Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressMarro, M. L., Patterson, A. W., Lee, L., Deng, L., Reynolds, A., Ren, X., Axford, L., Patnaik, A., Hollis-Symynkywicz, M., Casson, N., Custeau, D., Ames, L., Loi, S., Zhang, L., Honda, T., Blank, J., Harrison, T. J., Papillon, J. P. N., Hamann, L. G., Marcinkeviciene, J., Regard, J. B.
The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Published 2018Staff ViewPublication Date: 2018-09-14Publisher: The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsPrint ISSN: 0022-3565Electronic ISSN: 1521-0103Topics: MedicinePublished by: -
3Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] MY attention has been directed to a letter in your issue of October 22, 1903, describing certain flashes of lightning that were visible on July 22. In many respects the flashes corresponded with flashes seen by myself and friends at the same hour on the same evening, but the discrepancies are ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
4Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1106Keywords: Human stance ; Balance ; Postural adjustments ; Muscle synergiesSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Summary Nine standing subjects performed unilateral arm flexion movements over an eight-fold range of speeds, under two behavioral conditions. In the visually-guided condition, a visual target informed subjects about the correct movement speed. Seven subjects also made movements of different speeds during a self-paced condition, without a visual target. Angular displacement and acceleration of the arm, and EMG activity from the hamstrings (HM), erector spinae (ES) and the anterior deltoid (AD) muscles were measured. The following results were observed. (1) Mean rectified amplitudes of EMG activity in HM and ES were typically correlated with the average arm acceleration and presumably the disturbance to posture and/or balance. HM and ES amplitudes were correlated for only six subjects. Functions relating the ratios of HM/ES EMG amplitudes to acceleration varied between subjects. (2) HM onset latencies were highly variable for slow movements and usually lagged movement. For movements above a threshold-like point in acceleration, HM latencies were correlated with arm acceleration and recruited before movement. ES latencies were constant for fast movements, and negatively correlated with acceleration for slower movements. (3) The recruitment order of HM and AD was influenced by the behavioral condition but not by arm acceleration for fast movements. HM and AD were recruited coincidentally for visually-guided movements, while for self-paced movements, HM was recruited before AD. We conclude that for the arm flexion task: (1) HM and ES are not tightly coupled; (2) both behavioral and mechanical conditions affect the recruitment of postural muscles; and (3) postural and focal components of the movement are probably organized by parallel processes.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
5Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1106Keywords: Wipe reflex ; Flexion withdrawal reflex ; Spinal frog ; Electromyography ; Motor controlSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Summary We investigated the hypotheses (1) that the initial flexion part of the wipe reflex elicited in the spinalized frog has the same EMG pattern for wipes to different target locations (Berkinblit et al. 1986), thereby reducing the complexity of the control of this task, and (2) that this initial flexion is the same as occurs in the flexion withdrawal reflex (Easton 1972). The activities of seven muscles of the hindlimb of the spinal frog were recorded via intramuscular electromyograms (EMGs) during the wipe reflex to two target locations and during the flexion withdrawal reflex. The EMGs were analyzed during the interval between stimulus placement and movement onset for mean integrated EMG and duration from EMG onset to movement onset. This analysis revealed significant differences (p〈0.0001) in the EMG patterns that preceded the initial flexion posture for all three movements. These findings suggest that the spinal circuitry coordinating the initial flexion part of the wipe reflex to different target locations and the flexion withdrawal reflex may not be uniformly shared.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
6Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1106Keywords: Pulse height strategy ; Multi-articular actions ; Preparatory postural adjustments ; Force production ; Muscle EMG patterns ; HumanSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Summary This study examined whether the torques and EMG activity that precede and accompany bilateral arm pulls made by standing humans demonstrate a pulse height form of organization. Nine adults made abrupt bilateral pulls in the sagittal plane against a handle, to force targets equal to 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 95% of their maximal pulling force (%MPF). The force applied at the handle, ground reaction forces, the center of pressure (CP), and EMG activity in gastrocnemius (GS), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA) and quadriceps (QD) muscles were recorded. Our analysis divided the action into a pre-pull phase (events prior to the increase of handle force) and a pulling phase (while handle force was greater than zero). We evaluated the effects of %MPF on the durations and peak amplitudes of the pre-pull and pulling angular impulses about the ankle joint and on pre-pull EMG patterns. The results showed that the angular impulse associated with the pulling torque (due to the reactive force on the body during the pull) had a pulse height organization: peak torque increased linearly with %MPF, and the durations of the pulling torque were relatively constant. In contrast, a pulse height organization did not characterize the pre-pull period for either the angular impulse associated with ankle torque (due to net ground reaction force) or EMG activity in the leg muscles. Rather, peak ankle torque typically increased up to some submaximal %MPF and then plateaued, perhaps due to a constraining effect of foot length on CP. The durations of pre-pull ankle torques increased over the whole range of %MPF, thereby compensating for the limit on ankle torque. Depending on the subject, the muscles were recruited in two different orders: GS-BF-TA-QD, or GS-TA-BF-QD. As the %MPF increased, the EMG onset times of all four muscles occurred earlier, and there was a greater likelihood that the BF, TA and QD muscles would be recruited on a given trial. The changes in the ankle torque and EMG patterns were gradual, suggesting that the pre-pull phase could have one underlying form of organization, with parameters that are tuned to task goals and anatomical constraints.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1572-8943Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: Chemistry and PharmacologyDescription / Table of Contents: Résumé On donne quelques exemples de l'application de la thermogravimétrie, de l'analyse calorimétrique différentielle (DSC), de l'analyse thermomécanique, de l'analyse au fil de torsion, de la mesure de la relaxation des tensions, de la viscoélastométrie dynamiques, à l'étude des polymères à réseau tri-dimensionnel. On souligne les renseignements obtenus en utilisant chacune de ces techniques et on compare les avantages et les inconvénients de ces différentes méthodes.Abstract: Zusammenfassung Einige Beispiele der Anwendung der Thermogravimetrie, Differential Scanning Kalorimetrie, thermomechanischen Analyse, Torsionsfadenanalyse, Streßrelaxometrie und dynamischen Viscoelastometrie zur Untersuchung quervernetzter Polymersysteme werden gegeben. Die an Hand des Einsatzes der einzelnen Techniken erhaltenen Informationen werden beschrieben und die Vor- und Nachteile der verschiedenen Methoden miteinander verglichen.Notes: Abstract Some examples are given of the application of thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, thermomechanical analysis, torsional braid analysis, stress relaxometry and dynamic viscoelastometry to the study of cross-linked polymer systems. The information derived by the use of each technique is outlined and the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods are compared.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0449-2978Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials ScienceSource: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000Topics: Chemistry and PharmacologyPhysicsNotes: Four equations, relating the glass transition temperatures Tg of homopolymers and copolymers to invariant additive temperature parameters (ATP) associated with their constituent groups, but weighted in different ways, have been applied to the calculation of the Tg of seven series of polymers having alkyl side chains. It is shown that the Tg of the 32 polymers considered may be calculated, within 7°K of the observed values, without the use of interaction coefficients from 15 independent variables, representing summations of the ATP's. The present calculations are confined to those structures which may be formed by a recombination of the structures corresponding to these independent variables. It is an essential feature of the approach that a distinction is made between groups with different nearest neighbors. Alternative methods of calculation are considered. The temperature parameter for a sequence of three or more methylene groups is estimated as 141°K, in conformity with the transition in polyethylene at 148°K. Nearest-neighbor interactions, stereoregularity, and crystallinity effects are discussed.Additional Material: 12 Ill.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0021-8995Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials ScienceSource: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000Topics: Chemistry and PharmacologyMechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision MechanicsPhysicsNotes: The relationship between cohesive energy (c.e.) or cohesive energy density (c.e.d.) and the glass transition tenperature (Tg) of polymers has been re-examined on the basis of literature data. For polymers with Tg above 25°C., there is no correlation between published or calculated values of c.e. or c.e.d. and Tg. However, for the rest of the polymers there is a linear relationship between c.e.d. and Tg, and a broad relationship between c.e. and Tg. These results imply that c.e.d. is the regulating, though not the only, factor in determining Tg's up to values of approximately 25°C.Additional Material: 4 Ill.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: