Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:V. Novotny)

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  1. 1
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2012-12-15
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Animals ; Arthropods/*anatomy & histology/*classification ; *Biodiversity ; Herbivory ; Rain ; Trees ; Tropical Climate
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  2. 2
    W. F. Laurance ; D. C. Useche ; J. Rendeiro ; M. Kalka ; C. J. Bradshaw ; S. P. Sloan ; S. G. Laurance ; M. Campbell ; K. Abernethy ; P. Alvarez ; V. Arroyo-Rodriguez ; P. Ashton ; J. Benitez-Malvido ; A. Blom ; K. S. Bobo ; C. H. Cannon ; M. Cao ; R. Carroll ; C. Chapman ; R. Coates ; M. Cords ; F. Danielsen ; B. De Dijn ; E. Dinerstein ; M. A. Donnelly ; D. Edwards ; F. Edwards ; N. Farwig ; P. Fashing ; P. M. Forget ; M. Foster ; G. Gale ; D. Harris ; R. Harrison ; J. Hart ; S. Karpanty ; W. J. Kress ; J. Krishnaswamy ; W. Logsdon ; J. Lovett ; W. Magnusson ; F. Maisels ; A. R. Marshall ; D. McClearn ; D. Mudappa ; M. R. Nielsen ; R. Pearson ; N. Pitman ; J. van der Ploeg ; A. Plumptre ; J. Poulsen ; M. Quesada ; H. Rainey ; D. Robinson ; C. Roetgers ; F. Rovero ; F. Scatena ; C. Schulze ; D. Sheil ; T. Struhsaker ; J. Terborgh ; D. Thomas ; R. Timm ; J. N. Urbina-Cardona ; K. Vasudevan ; S. J. Wright ; G. J. Arias ; L. Arroyo ; M. Ashton ; P. Auzel ; D. Babaasa ; F. Babweteera ; P. Baker ; O. Banki ; M. Bass ; I. Bila-Isia ; S. Blake ; W. Brockelman ; N. Brokaw ; C. A. Bruhl ; S. Bunyavejchewin ; J. T. Chao ; J. Chave ; R. Chellam ; C. J. Clark ; J. Clavijo ; R. Congdon ; R. Corlett ; H. S. Dattaraja ; C. Dave ; G. Davies ; M. Beisiegel Bde ; N. da Silva Rde ; A. Di Fiore ; A. Diesmos ; R. Dirzo ; D. Doran-Sheehy ; M. Eaton ; L. Emmons ; A. Estrada ; C. Ewango ; L. Fedigan ; F. Feer ; B. Fruth ; J. G. Willis ; U. Goodale ; S. Goodman ; J. C. Guix ; P. Guthiga ; W. Haber ; K. Hamer ; I. Herbinger ; J. Hill ; Z. Huang ; I. F. Sun ; K. Ickes ; A. Itoh ; N. Ivanauskas ; B. Jackes ; J. Janovec ; D. Janzen ; M. Jiangming ; C. Jin ; T. Jones ; H. Justiniano ; E. Kalko ; A. Kasangaki ; T. Killeen ; H. B. King ; E. Klop ; C. Knott ; I. Kone ; E. Kudavidanage ; J. L. Ribeiro ; J. Lattke ; R. Laval ; R. Lawton ; M. Leal ; M. Leighton ; M. Lentino ; C. Leonel ; J. Lindsell ; L. Ling-Ling ; K. E. Linsenmair ; E. Losos ; A. Lugo ; J. Lwanga ; A. L. Mack ; M. Martins ; W. S. McGraw ; R. McNab ; L. Montag ; J. M. Thompson ; J. Nabe-Nielsen ; M. Nakagawa ; S. Nepal ; M. Norconk ; V. Novotny ; S. O'Donnell ; M. Opiang ; P. Ouboter ; K. Parker ; N. Parthasarathy ; K. Pisciotta ; D. Prawiradilaga ; C. Pringle ; S. Rajathurai ; U. Reichard ; G. Reinartz ; K. Renton ; G. Reynolds ; V. Reynolds ; E. Riley ; M. O. Rodel ; J. Rothman ; P. Round ; S. Sakai ; T. Sanaiotti ; T. Savini ; G. Schaab ; J. Seidensticker ; A. Siaka ; M. R. Silman ; T. B. Smith ; S. S. de Almeida ; N. Sodhi ; C. Stanford ; K. Stewart ; E. Stokes ; K. E. Stoner ; R. Sukumar ; M. Surbeck ; M. Tobler ; T. Tscharntke ; A. Turkalo ; G. Umapathy ; M. van Weerd ; J. V. Rivera ; M. Venkataraman ; L. Venn ; C. Verea ; C. V. de Castilho ; M. Waltert ; B. Wang ; D. Watts ; W. Weber ; P. West ; D. Whitacre ; K. Whitney ; D. Wilkie ; S. Williams ; D. D. Wright ; P. Wright ; L. Xiankai ; P. Yonzon ; F. Zamzani
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Published 2012
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2012-07-27
    Publisher:
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Print ISSN:
    0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN:
    1476-4687
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Agriculture/statistics & numerical data ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*statistics & numerical data ; Data Collection ; Ecology/statistics & numerical data ; Endangered Species/*statistics & numerical data ; Environmental Pollution/adverse effects/statistics & numerical data ; Fires/statistics & numerical data ; Forestry/statistics & numerical data ; Interviews as Topic ; Mining/statistics & numerical data ; Population Growth ; Rain ; Reproducibility of Results ; Research Personnel ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Temperature ; Trees/*physiology ; *Tropical Climate
    Published by:
    http://www.nature.com/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  3. 3
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-05-25
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Geosciences
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Ecology
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  4. 4
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-05-25
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Geosciences
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Ecology
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  5. 5
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-09-20
    Publisher:
    Royal Society
    Electronic ISSN:
    2054-5703
    Topics:
    Natural Sciences in General
    Keywords:
    biogeography, ecology
    Published by:
    http://royalsocietypublishing.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  6. 6
    Novotny, V. J. ; Baldwinson, M. A.

    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Published 1991
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1089-7550
    Source:
    AIP Digital Archive
    Topics:
    Physics
    Notes:
    The dynamics of molecularly thin liquid lubricant films in sliding and flying experiments is studied principally by scanning microellipsometry and complemented with both scanning x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. Microellipsometric profiling of lubricant thickness is performed in situ, either dynamically or statically on films ranging from 1 to 10 nm. The removal of liquid polyperfluoroether lubricants from sliding and flying tracks, which includes the displacement and loss depends on film thickness, molecular weight, and chemical structure. In flying and sliding, the lubricant removal rate from monolayer films is significantly slower than from multilayer films. In flying, lubricant displacement and loss increase with a decrease in molecular weight.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350180

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  7. 7
    Mate, C. Mathew ; Novotny, V. J.

    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Published 1991
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1089-7690
    Source:
    AIP Digital Archive
    Topics:
    Physics
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes:
    Atomic force microscopy, angle resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ellipsometry are applied to study the conformation of fluorocarbon polymers in molecularly thin liquid films, 5–130 A(ring) thick, on solid surfaces. The combination of these techniques shows that the physisorbed polymers at the solid surface have an extended, flat conformation. In addition, the disjoining pressure of these liquid films is determined from atomic force microscopy measurements of the distance needed to break the liquid meniscus that forms between solid surface and force microscope tip. For a monolayer thickness of ∼7 A(ring), the disjoining pressure is ∼5 MPa, indicating strong attractive interaction between the polymer molecules and the solid surface. The disjoining pressure decreases with increasing film thickness in a manner consistent with a strong attractive van der Waals interaction between the liquid molecules and the solid surface.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.460075

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  8. 8
    Novotny, V. J.

    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Published 1990
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1089-7690
    Source:
    AIP Digital Archive
    Topics:
    Physics
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes:
    Migration of very thin (〈30 nm) polymeric films on solid surfaces was investigated quantitatively using two techniques—scanning microellipsometry and scanning small spot x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The surface diffusion coefficient Ds increases as the film thickness decreases down to 1 nm, however, below 1 nm, Ds becomes independent of polymer film thickness. The functional dependence of Ds with molecular weight M is described, over the limited range of M in the unentangled regime, by M−1.7 The activation energy for polymer segment hopping is about 41 kJ/mol, which is similar to values obtained from bulk self-diffusion of other polymers.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.457916

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  9. 9
    Novotny, V. J. ; Hussla, I. ; Turlet, J.-M. ; Philpott, M. R.

    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Published 1989
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1089-7690
    Source:
    AIP Digital Archive
    Topics:
    Physics
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes:
    Infrared spectra of thin films of polyperfluoroethers on metal and silicon dioxide surfaces were obtained for films with thicknesses between 1 and 1000 nm by p-polarized reflection and modulated polarization techniques. Changes in frequencies and relative intensities of vibrational peaks with film thickness suggest that the conformation of liquid polymers on surfaces is unlike bulk conformation, with polymer chains extended preferentially along the surface.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.456392

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  10. 10
    Mate, C. Mathew ; Lorenz, Max R. ; Novotny, V. J.

    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Published 1989
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1089-7690
    Source:
    AIP Digital Archive
    Topics:
    Physics
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes:
    We demonstrate the use of the atomic force microscope (AFM) for studying perfluoropolyether polymer liquid films as thin as ∼20 A(ring). With the AFM we are able to measure three distinct properties of the liquid film: (1) its thickness when the thickness of liquid on the AFM tip is taken into account, (2) the meniscus force acting on the AFM tip as a function of depth into the liquid film, and (3) the topography of the liquid/air interface. All three of these measurements can be done with a very high lateral resolution, ∼1000 A(ring), demonstrating the unique capability of AFM for studying liquid films. With AFM we have observed several interesting properties of these polymeric liquid films. First films thinner than ∼300 A(ring) are fairly uniformly distributed, while films thicker than ∼300 A(ring) slowly dewet the surface. Second, by measuring the meniscus radius of liquid in a micron sized hole on the surface, we can determine the disjoining pressure in a thin liquid film.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.456188

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  11. 11
    Meeks, Steven W. ; Peter, D. ; Horne, D. ; Young, K. ; Novotny, V.

    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Published 1989
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1077-3118
    Source:
    AIP Digital Archive
    Topics:
    Physics
    Notes:
    A high-resolution scanning phase-measuring acoustic microscope (SPAM) has been developed and used to image the near-surface residual stress field around features etched in sputtered alumina via the acoustoelastic effect. This microscope operates at 670 MHz and has a resolution of 5–10 μm, depending upon the amount of defocus. Relative velocity changes of sample surface waves as small as 50 ppm are resolved. Images of the stress field at the tip of a 400-μm-wide slot etched in alumina are presented and compared with a finite element simulation. The SPAM uses an unconventional acoustic lens with an anisotropic illumination pattern which can measure anisotropic effects and map residual stress fields with several μm resolution and a stress sensitivity of 1/3 MPa in an alumina film.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102326

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  12. 12
    Novotny, V. J. ; Karis, T. E.

    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Published 1997
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1077-3118
    Source:
    AIP Digital Archive
    Topics:
    Physics
    Notes:
    Perfluoropolyether (PFPE) films for lubrication of thin film magnetic recording media are made progressively thinner and their physical properties are increasingly dominated by molecular interactions with the carbon overcoat. Surface potential measurement is one of a few techniques to study the interaction of ultrathin films with surfaces. A scanning Kelvin probe apparatus with spatial resolution of 100 microns and potential sensitivity of 0.5 mV was employed to study the surface potentials of linear and branched PFPE films with methyl, hydroxyl, phenyl ester, and carboxylic acid end groups on amorphous hydrogenated carbon surfaces. The surface potential is dominated by polar groups rather than the PFPE monomers. Application of the scanning surface potential technique to measure the migration of PFPE films is also shown. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119466

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  13. 13
    Kao, A. S. ; Doerner, M. F. ; Novotny, V. J.

    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Published 1989
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1089-7550
    Source:
    AIP Digital Archive
    Topics:
    Physics
    Notes:
    The mechanical and tribological characteristics of thin chromium oxide films are investigated by controlling the process parameters in reactive deposition and subsequent annealing. From this, the correlation between the deposition process, film structure, and properties is established. Substrate heating and oxygen partial pressure are found to be the critical parameters that alter the oxygen concentration and crystallization of the films which, in turn, affect their stress, hardness, and wear resistance. The chromium oxide film deposited at 150 °C in pure argon and annealed at 300 °C shows a hardness of 25 GPa, which is near the bulk hardness of Cr2O3, and exhibits a good wear resistance with adhesive wear being the dominant wear mechanism. Reactive deposition at 25 °C or with excessive oxygen leads to films with nonstoichiometric composition, which hinders their crystallization upon low-temperature annealing. As a result, the hardness is reduced, and the wear resistance deteriorates several orders of magnitude with a concomitant transition of the wear mechanism from adhesive into an abrasive regime.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.343722

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  14. 14
    Karis, T. E. ; Novotny, V. J.

    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Published 1989
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1089-7550
    Source:
    AIP Digital Archive
    Topics:
    Physics
    Notes:
    Tribological studies of friction and wear were performed on carbon overcoated thin-film magnetic recording media with pin-on-disk tests. Scanning microellipsometry was employed to measure the wear of carbon overcoats on rigid magnetic media. Severe wear produced after the carbon film wore through was measured by mechanical profilometry. The wear rate of the carbon is three orders of magnitude lower than that of the underlying metallic layers and is nearly proportional to slider load. Micrographs of the wear tracks and the magnitude of the wear coefficient from the Archard wear equation indicate three-body abrasive wear.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.344240

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  15. 15
    Novotny, V.

    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    0009-2614
    Source:
    Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics:
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Physics
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0009-2614(80)85343-7

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  16. 16
    Novotný, V.
    Springer
    Published 1995
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1570-7458
    Keywords:
    wing length ; polymorphism ; intrasexual competition ; mate choice ; trade-offs ; dispersal ; development ; Delphacidae ; Hemiptera
    Source:
    Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics:
    Biology
    Notes:
    Abstract The trade-offs associated with macroptery in males were investigated in a wing-dimorphic planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Delphacidae, Hemiptera). Developmental time of brachypters was significantly shorter than that of macropters across a wide range of population densities, while no within-population differences between wing morphs in body weight were found. In mating experiments, brachypterous males 12 to 24 h old were almost three times more successful in competition for females than macropterous males of the same age, while in five days old males, macropters were twice as successful as brachypters. In competition for females involving direct body contact between males, brachypterous and macropterous males were equally successful. It is suggested that macroptery and delayed peak in sexual activity in males may both be influenced by the titre of juvenile hormone, as is known from females. The combination of prolonged development and delayed maximum competitive ability for mates, associated with macroptery, is likely to be disadvantageous, representing probably a penalty associated with macroptery in males in undisturbed habitats.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02382989

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  17. 17
    Rabe, J.P. ; Novotny, V. ; Swalen, J.D. ; Rabolt, J.F.

    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    0040-6090
    Source:
    Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics:
    Physics
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0040-6090(88)90649-9

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  18. 18
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1824-3096
    Keywords:
    nuclear power plant ; CHD prevention ; body composition ; somatotypology ; movement activity ; physical fitness
    Source:
    Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics:
    Biology
    Notes:
    Abstract The greatest danger to the future of human life is Man. Environmental issues are becoming highly topical, with attention focusing on nuclear power plants and their operational hazards. The main concern tends to be their technological reliability rather than the fact that humans are in control. In its long-term research project, the Institute of Sports Medicine, which belongs to the 1st Medical School of Charles University in Prague, is primarily concerned with examinations of the most exposed workers in nuclear and thermal power plants. As all of them are under supervision of their plant physicians, the purpose of the project is to uncover possible hidden health hazards that could result in a sudden collapse of the person concerned and bring about a disaster with far-reaching consequences. This paper presents only a small fraction of the results obtained to date. In functional anthropology and functional exercise dianostics we focused on certain signs that could be interpreted as risk factors for cardiopulmonary failure especially due to CHD, frequently found in middle-aged men. We also discuss the changes that have taken place in the 76 investigated nuclear power plant operators and managers during the three-year observation period. Our methods included basic anthropological and clinical examinations, determination of body composition and of the primary and secondary somatotype components, spirography, ergometry on a bicycle ergometer, haematology and biochemistry, in the first place of serum lipids. Although the work performance of the men investigated was high, our results have in some cases indicated certain hazards. For every test person we drew up a specific regimen—nutrition, movement and when required, therapy—and gave it to the plant physician. The management provided for men with such risk factors (a specific form of regeneration). Regular annual check-ups revealed in the men who complied with the prescribed regimen a noticeable decrease of risk factors and their increase in the men who did not comply. For such persons we recommended a professionally controlled form of regeneration and supervision of their movement regimen. The research, which will continue for some time yet, highlights the fact that as much attention should be paid to the human factor as to the technological safety of nuclear power plants.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02442182

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  19. 19
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1439-6327
    Keywords:
    Population studies ; Physical fitness ; Demographic and somatometric data
    Source:
    Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics:
    Medicine
    Notes:
    Summary A total of 3762 subjects of both sexes, natives of Czechoslovakia, ranging in age from 12–55 years, were examined. Both anamnestic data and selected anthropometric variables were evaluated. The proportion of non-smokers for adult males was 47–56%, and for adult females was 54–74% of the population. The proportion of subjects not engaged in any type of physical activity decreases in boys between 12 and 18 years from 28 to 16%, in girls between 12 and 15 years from 25 to 22%; from then on the trend reverses and the percentage rises up to 42% in men and 65% in women. The number of subjects participating in competitive sporting activity reaches its peak at 18 years, when 46% of boys and 43% of girls compete, but than decreases quickly. 12 year old girls are taller and heavier than boys but at 15 years the relationship is reversed. The LBM at the age of 12 is equal in boys and girls, but from then till 18 years the increase is larger in boys. The LBM weight in adults remains steady, women attaining 77% of the value found in men. The skinfold increases with age similarly in both sexes, except for an interval between 12 and 18 years, when girls show a steeper increase. Adult women attain 121–160% of the values characteristic for men. The grip strength of the right hand equals about 50 kp in adult men and 30 kp in adult women. Within the age range followed, it remains unaffected by age.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421343

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  20. 20
    Novotny, V. ; Meincke, P. P. M.
    Springer
    Published 1975
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1573-7357
    Source:
    Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics:
    Physics
    Notes:
    The quantities characterizing the superconducting behavior of very pure niobium determined from the specific heat measurement are T c = 9.26 ± 0.01 K, C ps = (0.091 ± 0.001)T3 below 3 K,δC(T c ) = 140 ± 4 mJ/mole K, 2δ(0)/kT c = 3.65 ± 0.04, H c (0)= 2061 ± 30 G, and dH c /dT = 419.3 ± 3 G/K at T = T c .Principal discrepancies with previous measurements are the absence. of an anomalous specific heat at low temperatures in higher purity niobium and a sharp discontinuity at the superconducting transition temperature. A sample with lower purity exhibited an excess specific heat at temperatures below 2.3 K but of smaller magnitude than previously reported.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00116976

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses