Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:V. L. Nimgaonkar)

2015-11-19

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

*Biomedical Research ; Developing Countries ; *Health Resources ; Humans ; *Internationality ; *Mental Disorders/epidemiology/genetics ; *Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology/genetics ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract: We have studied the effects of psychotropic drugs on patterns of protein synthesis in human lymphomononuclear cells by two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis. Drugs effective in treatment of schizophrenia specifically increased the relative synthesis of a 30-kDa polypeptide in cultured human lymphomononuclear cells whereas dopamine (DA) or psychoactive drugs lacking antipsychotic properties did not. The effect was stereospecific with respect to the clinically active and inactive isomers of flupenthixol. Synthesis of the 30-kDa polypeptide appears therefore to be correlated with antipsychotic properties but not with DA receptor binding. It is possible that such effects may be associated with the clinically beneficial effect of antipsychotic drugs in the brain.

Electronic Resource

1365-2214

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Psychology

Summary A consecutive group of children (n = 19) referred to a child guidance clinic who failed to attend an initial interview were followed-up. These ‘non-attenders’ did not differ from a matched group of ‘attenders’ with respect to duration or nature of their problems, waiting period for the appointment, type of referring agencies or socio-demographic variables, but were more likely to be living with their natural parents. Disinclination among the parents was the main reason for absenteeism and could be related to ignorance about the clinic. The problems leading to referral persisted in most cases and had not received further treatment.

Electronic Resource

1435-1463

Clenbuterol ; electroconvulsive shock ; desipramine ; catecholamine turnover ; Β-adrenoceptors ; antidepressants

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary The effects of administration to rats of repeated electroconvulsive shock (ECS), clenbuterol and desipramine (DMI) onΒ-adrenoceptor number in cortex, and noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (DA) turnover in whole brain has been investigated by examining the rate of decline of NA concentration (kNA) following injection ofα-methyl-p-tyrosine. A single injection of clenbuterol (5 mg/kg) raised brain NA content and decreased the rate constant (kNA), leaving the turnover rate unaltered. Acute DMI injection decreased kNA and turnover rate, while a single ECS did not change NA metabolic rate. Repeated treatment with either ECS (5 seizures over 10 days), clenbuterol (5 mg/kg for 14 days) or DMI (5 mg/kg twice daily for 14 days) decreasedΒ-adrenoceptor density in cortex. No change in NA content, rate constant or turnover rate was observed after repeated ECS or clenbuterol administration. Ninety min after the last dose of DMI brain NA content was significantly decreased but kNA was unchanged compared with control animals, possibly because of the presence of subsensitive presynapticα 2-adrenoceptors. At 18 hours after the last dose brain NA content was still lower than control animals but kNA was enhanced. This is presumably a “withdrawal” effect, the uptake inhibitory effect of the drug now being decreased. The treatments had little effect on DA turnover apart from DMI decreasing synthesis rate. Clearly there is no obvious relationship between the ability of antidepressant treatments to alter NA turnover and decreaseΒ-adrenoceptor number.

Electronic Resource