Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:T. Y. Hsu)

2015-09-04

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics/pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Genes, myc/*genetics ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Introns/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Metastasis/drug therapy ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics/metabolism ; RNA Precursors/biosynthesis/genetics ; RNA Splicing/drug effects ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis/genetics ; Ribonucleoprotein, U2 Small Nuclear/metabolism ; Ribonucleoproteins/metabolism ; Spliceosomes/*drug effects/*metabolism ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

2018-10-16

The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

1078-0432

1557-3265

Medicine

2015-07-04

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

A robust, high current electron beam, produced by emission from a refractory metal cathode operating in the superemissive mode, is reported. Electron beam current of (approximately-greater-than)150 A is produced by a back-lighted thyratron during the conductive phase. Electron energies are several hundred eV and the electron beam has the duration of the discharge pulse. A simple differential pumping scheme has been used to demonstrate extraction of the electron beam into a low pressure (〈7 mTorr) region.

Electronic Resource

1365-2222

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Background A variety of genes are related to allergic disorders in different ethnic populations. The genetic basis for the gender discrepancy of allergic diseases remains to be determined.Objective This study was conducted to investigate whether IL-4 promoter (−590 C/T) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) (+49 A/G) polymorphisms were correlated with a gender discrepancy of total IgE levels and allergic diseases in a Chinese population.Methods A total of 1333 participants aged 19–49 years were enrolled in this study. Allergic diseases were recognized by the presence of asthma, rhinitis or atopic dermatitis in conjunction with detectable specific IgE in the blood. Polymorphisms of IL-4 promoter (−590) and CTLA-4 (+49) were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism.Results Males or females with allergic diseases had higher total IgE levels than those without (P=0.000). Females with the A/A genotype in the CTLA-4 (+49) position had significantly higher total IgE levels than those with A/G, and those with the G/G genotype had the lowest IgE levels (154.9 vs. 107.1 vs. 79.8 KU/L; mean log values: 1.79 vs. 1.65 vs. 1.54, P〈 0.001). However, males with different genotypes in the CTLA-4 (+49) position exhibited no difference in the total IgE levels. Females with allergic rhinitis had a significantly higher frequency of the A/A genotype in the CTLA-4 (+49) polymorphism than those without atopic diseases (P=0.016). In contrast, males with and without allergic disorders exhibited no significant difference in the CTLA-4 (+49) polymorphisms (P〉0.05). The IL-4 promoter (–590) polymorphisms, however, had no correlation with the total IgE levels or allergic diseases in either females or males.Conclusion In females only, the CTLA-4 (+49), but not the IL-4 promoter (−590), polymorphism was significantly associated with elevation of total IgE levels and allergic rhinitis. Here, we have, for the first time, demonstrated a gender-linked genetic relationship with allergic disease.

Electronic Resource

0378-1119

Recombinant DNA ; dual promoters ; nucleotide sequence ; oncogene ; regulatory region ; sequence homologies ; woodchuck

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Electronic Resource

1432-0800

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1573-4803

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Abstract Experimental results show that in some decarburized Fe-Ni alloys, values of M S decrease (and strength increases) with the increase in quenching temperature above 900° C with definite grain size of the parent phase. After short-time annealing of the quenched specimen, m S values increase and strength decreases. According to the nucleation model suggested by Olson and Cohen and the observation of the fault nucleation by Smallman et al., a model of the interaction of clustered point defect (vacancies) with partial dislocation is presented. It is suggested that the lowering of M S is due to the pinning of clustered vacancies to partial dislocation, hindering the nucleation of martensite. Preliminary TEM observations of the substructure of austenite has confirmed this view. From this experiment the energy of formation of a vacancy is found to be 1.2 to 1.4 eV, which is in good agreement with the known values for Fe-Ni. The activation energy obtained in the annealing process is 0.18eV, corresponding to the dissociation energy of the divacancies. The effect of quenching stress is also taken into consideration and it is concluded that the moderate cooling rate of 2500° C sec−1 seems just suitable for studying the effect of quenched-in vacancies on M S.

Electronic Resource

1573-4803

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Abstract Having estimated the critical driving force associated with martensitic transformation,ΔG α→M, as $$\Delta G^{\alpha \to M} = 2.1 \sigma + 900$$ whereσ is the yield strength of austenite atM s, in MN m−2, we can directly deduce theM s by the following equation: $$\Delta G^{\gamma \to {\rm M}} |_{M_S } = \Delta G^{\gamma \to \alpha } + \Delta G^{\alpha \to M} = 0.$$ The calculatedM s are in good agreement with the experimental results in Fe-C, Fe-Ni-C and Fe-Cr-C, and are consistent with part of the data in Fe-Ni, Fe-Cr and Fe-Mn alloys. Some higher “M s” determined in previous works may be identified asM a,M s of surface martensite or bainitic temperature. TheM s of pure iron is about 800 K. TheM s in Fe-C can be approximately expressed as $$M_S (^\circ {\text{C}}) = 520 {\text{--- }}\left[ {{\text{\% C}}} \right]{\text{ }}x 320.$$ In Fe-X, the effect of the alloying element onM s depends on its effect onT 0 and on the strengthening of austenite. An approach for calculation of ΔG γ→α in Fe-X-C is suggested. Thus dM s/dx c in Fe-X-C is found to increase with the decrease of the activity coefficient of carbon in austenite.

Electronic Resource

1573-4803

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Abstract The calculation of the driving force, T 0, and the free energy change associated with the martensitic transformation, ΔG γ→α, in Fe-C given by Hsu is used to obtain M S (temperature at which ΔG γ→M=0) values by combining various expressions for ΔG Fe γ→α with evaluations of ΔG γ→α from Fisher, Kaufman, Guggenhiem and others. A combination of the Lobo-Fisher-Guggenhiem model with ΔG Fe γ→α values from Mogutnov, and of the Hsu model (A) with ΔG Fe γ→α values from Kaufman and co-workers are in good agreement with experimental values of M S. Hsu's model, however, is much simpler. Experimental M S values for Fe-C are well represented and the M S temperature with X C=0.06 determined by Greninger, seem too high. The calculated driving force not only depends on the model adopted for ΔG γ→α evaluation but also mainly on the values of ΔG Fe γ→α and M S. It is probable that values of driving force increase continuously with carbon content.

Electronic Resource

1573-4803

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Abstract The relationship between the starting temperature of the martensitic transformation, M s, and the grain size of the parent phase, d, in ZrO2-containing ceramics was investigated. The experimental results showed that in tetragonal zirconia polycrystals doped with CeO2 (8 mol%) and Y2O3 (0.25 mol%) (8Ce, 0.25Y-TZP), the M s temperature displays a linear relationship with d −1/2, its slope being negative. A new explanation for this phenomenon, the so-called the size effect, has been presented, in which the grain size of the parent phase affects the M s temperature through the strength of the parent phase. Thermodynamic calculation of the relationship between M s and d gives a result consistent with the experimental ones.

Electronic Resource