Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:T. Shioda)

2014-07-12

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy/genetics ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Separation ; Culture ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/*genetics ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor/methods ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; Mice ; Microfluidics/methods ; *Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Mutation ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/*drug effects/metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

2015-09-19

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Androgen Antagonists/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/drug effects/*metabolism ; Phenylthiohydantoin/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Prostate/drug effects/metabolism/pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; RNA Splicing ; Receptors, Androgen/*genetics ; Sequence Analysis, RNA/methods ; Signal Transduction ; Single-Cell Analysis/methods ; Transcriptome ; Wnt Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

2018-05-15

The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

0022-538X

1098-5514

Medicine

2018-09-29

The Company of Biologists

0950-1991

1477-9129

Biology

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Optical absorption spectra of CuInSe2 single crystals were measured for the samples with −0.150≤x≤0.053, where x represents a degree of nonstoichiometry in the formula Cu1−xIn1+xSe2. The Urbach's tail was observed for all samples between 90 K and room temperature. The Urbach's energy, which represents an arbitrary intensity of exciton–phonon interaction, was almost constant for the Cu-rich samples (x〈0), while it increased with increasing In composition for the In-rich ones (x(approximately-greater-than)0). Such an increase of the Urbach's energy was explained to be due to enhanced electronic distortion caused by the compositional deviation from stoichiometry in terms of simultaneous influence of electron–phonon interaction and structural disorder. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Band gap and excitonic resonance energies of high-quality bulk single crystals, polycrystalline thin films, and epitaxial layers of CuInSe2 and CuGaSe2 were determined as a function of temperature by means of photoreflectance, optical absorption (OA), and photoluminescence measurements. OA spectra were fit including excitonic absorption from low temperature up to room temperature (RT). The band gap energy of 1.032 eV and free exciton (FE) resonance energy of 1.024 eV were obtained at RT for strain-free CuInSe2 giving an exciton binding energy of 7.5 meV. The band gap energy of both CuInSe2 and CuGaSe2 was found to be essentially independent of the molar ratio of Cu to group-III atom (Cu/III) for near-stoichiometric and Cu-rich samples. The disappearance of the FE absorption in the In-rich (Cu/In〈0.88) CuInSe2 thin films was explained by plasma screening of Coulomb interactions. A slight decrease in the band gap energy of the In-rich films was attributed to a degradation of film quality such as high-density defects, grains, and structural disordering. The fundamental band gap energy in strained CuInSe2 and CuGaSe2 epilayers was shown to decrease due to in-plane biaxial tensile strain. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

High optical-quality polycrystalline and epitaxial CuInSe2 thin films were grown by a simultaneous-feeding or alternate-feeding physical vapor deposition method. The existence of the liquid-phase Cu2−xSe during the growth was confirmed in terms of meltback of the substrate. The grown films exhibited predominant near-band-edge photoluminescence peaks from 2 K up to room temperature. A clear free exciton absorption peak was observed and its full width at half maximum decreased with decreasing repetition periods of the metal feeding cycle. This result demonstrates the importance of stabilized CuInSe2 solute and Cu2−xSe solvent concentrations to obtain improved film quality and homogeneity. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Effects of an interaction between the electronic and lattice systems on the optical spectra of a wurtzite GaN epilayer were investigated. The exponentially increasing absorption tail was well explained as an Urbach–Martienssen tail, giving the characteristic phonon energy of 30 meV. The result indicates that few longitudinal optical phonons contribute to the exciton-phonon coupling even at room temperature. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

0003-9861

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource

0029-554X

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Physics

Electronic Resource

0167-4838

(Human) ; Cytosolic adenylate kinase ; Red blood cell ; Thiamin diphosphate ; Thiamin pyrophosphokinase ; Thiamin triphoshate

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Electronic Resource

0167-4838

Cytosolic adenylate kinase ; Enzyme kinetics ; Single base substitution ; Thiamin triphosphate

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Electronic Resource

0304-4165

Cytosolic adenylate kinase ; Thiamin triphosphate

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Physics

Electronic Resource

0304-4165

Cytosolic adenylate kinase ; Recombinant protein expression ; Thiamin triphosphate

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Physics

Electronic Resource

1432-8798

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary.  We previously reported that infectivities of human and other nonhuman lentiviruses including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are activated by desialylation of the virion surface [H. Hu et al., J Virol 70: 7 462–7 470 (1996)]. The present study was designed to determine whether neuraminidase (NA) is useful for isolation of HIV-1 from patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) or CD4+ cells isolated from the PBMC of infected individuals were cocultured with PBMC or CD4+ cells from uninfected healthy donors, and the efficiency and frequency of virus isolation in the presence of NA were compared with those by a routine conventional procedure. In a total of 41 isolation trials from 28 individuals, the presence of NA markedly increased the frequency of isolation. Furthermore, both the day when virus was first detected and the day when the virus titer was the highest in the cultures were significantly earlier in the presence of NA than in the absence of NA. The deduced amino acid sequences of the V2 and V3 regions of gp120 were identical or very similar between the isolates obtained in the presence or absence of NA, suggesting that both isolation procedures selected a similar population. NA was thus found to facilitate HIV-1 isolation and its use is recommended particularly when isolation is negative by the conventional procedures.

Electronic Resource

1432-8798

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary.  The C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of chemokine receptors is important for their internalization upon ligand binding. We generated several deletion mutants of the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of CXCR-4, a co-receptor for T cell line tropic strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), to know whether or not co-receptor internalization is associated with HIV-1 entry. Our data showed that the removal of C-terminal 15 amino acid residues of the cytoplasmic tail from CXCR-4 completely abolished its internalization, but did not affect the co-receptor activity at all. Co-receptor activity was fully retained even when all 45 amino acid residues in the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail had been deleted. These data indicated that no cytoplasmic tail nor internalization of CXCR-4 is required for its co-receptor activity for HIV-1 entry.

Electronic Resource

1432-8798

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary.  The central nervous system (CNS) is of particular importance in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. First, the CNS may be difficult to access for anti-retroviral treatment and may become a sanctuary for residual viruses. Second, HIV-1 infection may lead to AIDS dementia complex (ADC) culminating in HIV-1 encephalitis. In order to examine the pattern of drug resistance and the role of encephalitis in enhancing viral redistribution to the CNS, we compared pol gene quasispecies of the spleen and brain in two patients with and two patients without HIV-1 encephalitis, who had been treated with zidovudine (AZT). Although a variable degree of AZT resistance was noted in both the spleen and brain of all patients, phylogenetic analysis indicated that quasispecies developed rather independently in the systemic circulation (spleen) and CNS (brain) of patients without HIV-1 encephalitis, while similar pol gene sequences were obtained from the two compartments of patients with HIV-1 encephalitis. env gene V3 region of patients with HIV-1 encephalitis showed distinct quasispecies in the spleen and brain. Our results suggest that HIV-1 redistribution to CNS is more active in cases with encephalitis and that HIV-1 distributed late to CNS grow actively under certain selective pressure exerted on the V3 region of the env gene.

Electronic Resource