Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:T. Matsushita)

2018-05-10

Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP)

1748-0221

Physics

2012-10-16

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Antigens, CD19/genetics/metabolism ; Antigens, CD40/immunology/metabolism ; Antigens, CD5/metabolism ; Autoimmunity/*immunology ; B-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology/*immunology/metabolism/secretion ; Cell Division ; Disease Models, Animal ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology/pathology ; Female ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/immunology ; Humans ; Interleukin-10/biosynthesis/immunology/secretion ; Interleukins/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Multiple Sclerosis/immunology/pathology ; Receptors, Interleukin-21/immunology/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology

2018-07-12

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

2375-2548

Natural Sciences in General

1089-7674

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The physics element relevant to the fast ignitor in inertial confinement fusion has been extensively studied. Laser-hole boring with enormous photon pressures into overcritical densities was experimentally proved by density measurements with XUV laser probing. Ultra-intense laser interactions at a relativistic parameter regime were studied with a 50-TW glass laser system and a 100-TW glass laser system synchronized with a long pulse laser system. In the study of relativistic laser beam propagation in a 100-μm scale-length plasma, a special propagation mode (super-penetration mode) was observed, where the beam propagated into overdense regions close to the solid target surface. At the super-penetration mode, 20% of the laser energy converted to energetic electrons toward the target inside, while the coupling efficiency was 40% without the long scale-length plasmas. The high-density energetic electron transport and heating of solid material was also studied, indicating beamlike propagation of the energetic electrons in the solid target and effective heating of solid density ions with the electrons. Based on these basic experimental results, the heating of imploded plasma by short-pulse-laser light with three different ways of injecting the heating pulse has been studied. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Elastic and thermal properties of Au/Ni superlattices have been investigated by x-ray diffraction on a synchrotron radiation source at the Photon Factory. An elastic response of [Au(10 A(ring))/Ni(10 A(ring))]50 to hydrostatic pressure generated by a diamond anvil cell has been measured in the layer-stacking direction. Its compressibility obtained from the pressure dependence of its superlattice period (Λ vs P) shows an anomalously small value compared with either bulk Au or Ni metal. Linear thermal expansions has also been measured by a similar method (Λ vs T). A significant anisotropic behavior between the layer-stacking and in-plane direction was found in both [Au(10 A(ring))/Ni(10 A(ring))]50 and [Au(4 A(ring))/Ni(4 A(ring))]210.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

We developed an advanced Kirkpatrick–Baez (AKB) x-ray microscope which consisted of two hyperbolic mirrors and two elliptic mirrors. The spatial resolution of (approximately-less-than)3 μm was realized over ∼1 mm diam. This AKB microscope was used for x-ray imaging in laser fusion experiments. Laser absorption nonuniformity with a large wave number on a spherical solid target or a plane slab target was estimated by measurements of x-ray emission from the target surface with the microscope. The x-ray images of the imploded core plasmas were also obtained with the AKB microscope, changing the laser focus condition and the laser energy balance. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The irreversibility line in high-temperature oxide superconductors is theoretically investigated from a viewpoint of dependence on the flux-pinning strength and a general relation between the effective pinning potential and the critical current density is derived. It is shown that the irreversibility magnetic field at 77 K in strongly pinned oxide superconductors is sufficiently high for application.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The Y-Ba-Cu-O film prepared by chemical vapor deposition showed Tc=91.5 K and Bc2 (77.3 K)=60 T defined by zero resistance. The Jc values measured at 77.3 K were 7.8×105 A/cm2 at B=0 and 1.0×105 A/cm2 at 16 T, magnetic fields perpendicular to the c axis. Small disk-shaped precipitates possibly regarded as strong flux pinning centers in the Y-Ba-Cu-O films were observed using transmission electron microscopy. The evaluation of Jc related to the concentration and configuration of the precipitates was in reasonable agreement with the measured Jc values.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Anisotropy of the global pinning force Fp was inductively measured for Nb-49 wt. %Ti monofilamentary wire with highly anisotropic pinning structures in magnetic field parallel and transverse to the wire axis. According to the recent models of Evetts and Plummer [Proceedings of the International Symposium on Flux Pinning and Electromagnetic Properties in Superconductors (Matsukuma, Fukuoka, 1985)] and of Dew-Hughes [Philos. Mag. B 55, 459 (1987)], the morphology of pins is assumed to determine the flux pinning characteristic by the occurrence of plastic shear of the fluxoid lattice. The saturation characteristic of Fp as in Nb3 Sn is expected to be obtained if the field is parallel to the wire axis, while the nonsaturation one, as in commercial Nb-Ti, is expected in the transverse geometry. However, the results obtained show similar nonsaturation characteristics in both geometries and are contradictory to expectation. These results suggest that the pinning characteristic is mainly determined by the pinning parameters as the elementary pinning force and the pin concentration, but is not affected by the simple morphology of pinning centers.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The flux pinning characteristic of processed Nb-Ti monofilamentary wires was investigated at 4.2 K and higher temperatures by an ac measuring method. Saturation of the global pinning force, as in Nb3Sn, was observed at high fields for specimens heat treated after initial heavy cold work. A transition from the saturation to a strongly pinned nonsaturation occurred after the specimen was finally cold worked. This transition directly demonstrates that the saturation is not caused by a shearing deformation of the fluxoid lattice assumed in Kramer's model [J. Appl. Phys. 44, 1360 (1973)], because this proposed mechanism primarily depends on intrinsic superconducting properties which are not changed by the final cold working. From the measurements of the elastic and plastic behavior of the fluxoid lattice by using the ac method, it was also found that it was not the shearing deformation of the fluxoid lattice but rather the depinning that occurred in the saturation: The saturation is expected to be caused by a catastrophic avalanching flow of the brittle fluxoid lattice. The transition can be explained by an increase of the elementary pinning force of normal Ti precipitates due to elongation by the cold work. The present result and existing results on various materials suggest that the nonsaturation is attained by increasing the elementary pinning force and/or the pin concentration.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

In order to obtain reliable data on d values and integrated intensities, an imaging plate (IP) has been applied to high-pressure diffraction experiments with a diamond anvil cell using synchrotron radiation. The IP was found to be more effective than a conventional x-ray film by a factor of 30, and more effective than an energy dispersive method by several times. In order to integrate the intensity data on the IP, a histogram method was successfully developed. This combination proved to give a lattice constant with relative accuracy of 2×10−4, and observed integrated intensities which excellently agree with calculated ones.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Results of measurements made using the multipole wiggler at beamline 16 of Photon Factory are reported. Double crystal rocking curves, Si(111) and Si(333) topographs, and thermal maps of the cooled-crystal surface were measured at total incident power levels up to 1600 W and power densities up to 0.7 W/mm2 , for two different crystal designs. Significant crystal deformation occurred in the form of surface curvature for both designs. Finite element calculations provided a preview of the experimental results and proved very valuable in interpretation of the measurements.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Synchrotron radiation (SR) has been proved to be a powerful tool for x-ray study under pressure. So far, an energy dispersive method has been used because the intensity of the monochromatized beam is not strong enough for the very small sample under pressure, even if SR is used. In order to perform an angle-dispersive method under pressure, we need to use one- or two-dimensional detectors. Recently, a photostimulable fluorescence plate, named an imaging plate (IP), has been successfully used as an x-ray detector at the Photon Factory. We tried to combine a diamond anvil cell with SR and IP. Exposure time on IP for the diffraction from Ag in a diamond anvil cell at 22 keV is shorter than that on an x-ray film by a factor of 50. Resolution of IP (180 μm) is not a severe problem where IP is apart from the sample by 150 mm. Data on IP are digitally treated, so that it is easy to integrate the intensity along the Debye ring. Then, the reliability becomes more than 10 times better than a one-dimensional scan. Accuracy in determination of lattice constants and integrated intensity will be presented.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

We propose a new technique that is applicable to the time-resolved measurement of deformation on silicon surface during pulsed laser annealing in the single-bunch operation of the Photon Factory. There is a distribution of delay times between the activation of external trigger and the laser firing (the jitters) in the external trigger operation of laser equipment. This time distribution clearly makes the time-resolved measurement inaccurate. To overcome this disadvantage, a time-resolved measurement system that utilizes this time distribution has been developed. This system was composed of two TACs. The time distribution of the bunch (event number) and the time distribution of the intensity of the x rays diffracted from the silicon surface were measured. The respective signals were then accumulated in MCA1 and MCA2. The time course of the diffraction intensity before and after the laser irradiation was obtained by normalizing the time distribution of the intensity of the diffracted x rays with the time distribution of the event number. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Design and experience of the initial operation of a new beamline (BL-16) for a 3.6-m-long, 53-pole wiggler/undulator constructed at the Photon Factory are described. The insertion device has hybrid permanent magnets with a period of 12 cm and a maximum magnetic field of 1.47 T. In the undulator mode, the energy of the fundamental peak can be varied from 40 to 400 eV. In the wiggler mode, an x-ray beam (critical energy of 6 keV) 50–100 times more intense than that from the bending magnets is obtained. The beamline consists of two time-shared branch lines: a side beamline for soft x-rays in the undulator operation, to which photon beams are deflected sideways by a cylindrical SiC mirror, and a straight line for hard x rays under the wiggler operation. On the hard x-ray line, a fixed-exit sagittal-focusing double-crystal monochromator has been installed and commissioned. Collimating and refocusing mirrors will be installed in 1989. On the undulator beamline, a soft x-ray monochromator utilizing sophisticatedly devised aberration correction optics is commissioned.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Establishment of the parallelism between two axes, that of x rays and that of the cylinder made by a bent crystal, is found to be important when a sagittally focusing double-crystal monochromator is used. Detectable increase of reflection width and decrease of output intensity is observed when the angle between the above two axes becomes only 0.1°. With the help of rotation stages to adjust the axis of the cylinder, the focus smaller than 1 mm is obtained up to 11 keV at BL-6B of the Photon Factory and about 3 mm is established up to 28 keV at NE1 of the Accumulation Ring.

Electronic Resource

0020-1693

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

1365-2133

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Summary Association with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection has been noted in various types of cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders. We report a 57-year-old Japanese woman with T-cell lymphoma mimicking dermatomyositis that was associated with chronic active EBV infection. She presented with low-grade fever, bilateral erythematous swellings on the eyelids, and necrotic papules on the face. Serum creatine kinase levels were elevated and a diffuse reticular shadow was detected in both lung fields. The infiltrate of atypical lymphocytes found in skin and muscle, which contained EBV-encoded small nuclear RNA-1 and EBV, was also detected in the CD4+ peripheral blood cells. Treatment with prednisolone resolved her lesions with no relapse for 3 years, after which there was a recurrence in her left lung. Combination chemotherapy was not effective against the lung lesion and she died with multiple organ failure 2 months after the recurrence.

Electronic Resource

0301-0104

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource

0005-2736

(Bacillus sp.) ; Alkalophile ; Phosphate transport

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Physics

Electronic Resource