Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:T. Kinoshita)

2015-08-22

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Fluoresceins/chemistry/metabolism ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry/metabolism ; *Germination ; Hydrolases/metabolism ; Hydrolysis ; Lactones/*metabolism ; Molecular Imaging/methods ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plant Growth Regulators/*metabolism ; Plant Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics/*metabolism ; Seeds/*growth & development/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Striga/*growth & development/metabolism

2018-05-16

The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

1078-0432

1557-3265

Medicine

2018-12-14

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Geosciences

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Botany

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

A copolymer of methyl methacrylate and azo-dye-substituted methacrylate is corona-poled. Cerenkov-type second-harmonic generation (SHG) of Nd:YAG laser is observed in the poled polymer waveguide even though there is strong absorption of the SHG wavelength. The total SHG conversion efficiency is 1.72 × 10−3%, and the net SHG conversion efficiency in the waveguide is 0.21%.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Phase matched noncollinear second harmonic generations (SHGs) are observed in 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA) single-crystal film waveguides. The phase matching condition is obtained by the cross point of the mode dispersion curves for the MNA waveguide. Theoretical analysis of the SHG conversion efficiency shows that the maximum efficiency is given by the conversion between the fundamental 1st mode and the SH 3rd mode. The experimental efficiency at this conversion is obtained to be 0.10% in the waveguide.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Linear and nonlinear optical properties of electrically poled films of newly synthesized poly [(4′-acetylphenylaminoformyloxy-4-styrene)-co-(4-hydroxystyrene)] [poly(AS-co-HS)] are investigated. Linear optical properties of a poly(AS-co-HS) film are measured by the prism-coupling method. Ultraviolet (UV) transparency down to 350 nm identifies that this polymer is a promising candidate for second-harmonic generation (SHG) in the UV-visible light region. Corona-poling technique is used to produce a noncentrosymmetric structure. The induced d33 at λ=1064 nm is 2.8 pm/V. High glass-transition temperature (Tg=160 °C) results in very long decay time of the nonlinearity, d33. The decay time at operating temperature of 80 °C is estimated to be more than ten years. Guided-mode blue and green SHGs are demonstrated using the film as a slab waveguide. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7682

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

We prepared a rod-like amphiphile with a molecular recognition end group, α-helical and hydrophobic poly(γ-methyl L-glutamate) (PMG) containing hydrophilic β-cyclodextrin (CyD) as an active end group (PMG-CyD), and formed its monolayer at the n-hexane/water interface. The interfacial pressure (π)-area (A) isotherms of the monolayer showed that α-helix rod of PMG-CyD could be vertically oriented at the oil/water interface, facing the hydrophilic terminal CyD group to the water phase, by increasing the interfacial concentration of the polypeptide. Under the condition 2-p-toludinyl-naphthalene-6-sulfonate (TNS), an intimate guest molecule for the CyD in water was introduced into the water phase beneath the monolayer. Within a minute the monolayer began to oscillate which could be monitored by the rhythmic response of the interfacial pressure of the monolayer. The oscillation continued over ten minutes and then terminated. The mode of the oscillation was found to change with time, i.e., the initial stage showing a periodic sharp reduction in the interfacial pressure (period I), the second stage having sharp increase in the π value (period II), and the last stage of irregular oscillations (period III). The Fourier analysis of each period also supported the three stages during the oscillatory process. It was also found that when the α-helix rod of PMG-CyD lay down in the monolayer, the guest TNS did not induce any changes in the interfacial tension. This nonlinear rhythmic interfacial phenomenon was explained in terms of the periodic movement of the PMG-CyD monolayer resulting from the binding and releasing of the guest TNS across the oil/water interface. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

A process to form a periodically poled polymer film by photoisomerization is described. A poled film of polymethylmetaclyrate containing 5 wt % of 4-(4-nitrophenylazo)aniline (Disperse Orange 3) was exposed to an Ar+ laser beam using a photomask of a 100 μm period grating. Disorientation of the chromophore molecule resulted in decrease of d33 in the photoisomerized domain. Quasiphase-matched second-harmonic generation is demonstrated experimentally using a processed film. Phase-matching was confirmed by tuning the fundamental wavelength around 1200 nm. The effective propagation length due to a tightly focused fundamental wave and the influence of the absorption loss are discussed. The depoling process by photoisomerization is compared with photobleaching, optical poling, and electron beam treatment. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Among the techniques for studying magnetic materials, methods utilizing magnetic dichroism in the soft x-ray region are receiving particular attention because of the unique feature of chemical specificity introduced by probing core levels. In soft x-ray absorption of linearly polarized light, the dichroism is proportional to the square of the magnetization M. The transverse magneto-optic Kerr effect is characterized by a change of the specular reflectivity when M is reversed, thus it is linear in M. Due to the relationship between reflected and transmitted radiation, a dichroism may also be expected in the absorption. We confirmed this by quasi-simultaneous measurement of the reflectivity and total yield around the Fe and Co 3p thresholds, using p-polarized light at oblique incidence: Switching the magnetization between the two directions normal on the plane of incidence indeed shows a magnetic dichroism. The relationship between the dichroisms in total yield and specular reflectivity was investigated as function of incidence angle.In addition to this new form of magnetic dichroism, other forms have been explored for imaging near-surface magnetic domains of elemental and compound materials in a total yield microscope. By using different light polarizations different components of the magnetization are detected. p- and circular polarization yield magnetization components parallel to the surface, normal to and in the plane of light incidence, respectively. With linearly s-polarized light, images similar to those with circularly polarized light were obtained. This is evidence for a sizeable Faraday rotation, leading to a significant degree of circular polarization before the optical transition takes place. The helicity of the Faraday-induced ellipitical polarization depends on the local sample magnetization, thereby generating the magnetic contrast in an analogous fashion as does circularly polarized light. This mechanism is expected and found to be effective also for p-polarized light, however, with contrast smaller than that related to the transverse MOKE. Finally, we report first results for an antiferromagnet, where domains were observed via the M-quadratic Voigt effect in the soft x-ray region. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The initial interface and silicide formation induced by Mg adsorption on the Si(111)7×7 surface have been studied using low-energy electron diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy. At room temperature, it is found that Mg atoms are preferably adsorbed on top sites of Si adatoms and rest atoms on the Si(111)7×7 surface and with increasing of Mg deposition, a Mg2Si epitaxial layer is formed and the surface structure transforms from the diffuse (1×1) phase into the (2/3(square root of)3×2/3(square root of)3)R30°. After growing up to a critical thickness, the Mg film grew in a disordered phase on the epitaxial layer. The Fermi level of the Mg2Si film is positioned at 0.51±0.05 eV above the valence band maximum. On the other hand, at 300 °C the Mg2Si epitaxial layer was formed in the (1×1) phase on the Si(111)7×7 and grew up to a critical thickness in the initial stage. For the successive evaporation, the Mg film grew in a disordered phase on the Mg2Si(111)1×1 surface. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

A new type of chalcone crystal was prepared. Anisotropic indices with wavelength dispersion were measured by the Brewster angle method. The two largest second-harmonic generation (SHG) tensor components were determined by the wedge method and compared with d11 of 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline. Calculated collinear and noncollinear phase-matched SHG patterns reasonably fit the observed photographs.

Electronic Resource

1468-2494

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Paper presented in part at the 47th Annual Meeting of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan, Tokyo, September 21, 2000.The authors examined the effects of Bifidobacterium-fermented soy milk extract (BE) containing genistein and daidzein on the hyaluronic acid (HA) content and rheological and physiological properties of hairless mouse and/or human skin. Topical application of BE for six weeks significantly restored changes in the elasticity and viscoelasticity of mouse skin, increased the HA content, and hydrated and thickened mouse skin. Also, topical application of a gel formula containing 10% BE to the human forearm for three months significantly lessened the decrease in skin elasticity. Therefore, BE is expected to become a new cosmetic ingredient to prevent the loss of skin elasticity through enhancement of HA production.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

A three-pole wiggler with a maximum magnetic field of 4 T was installed in the UVSOR electron storage ring. The insertion effect on the tune and the closed orbit of the stored beam is not negligible. The measured tune shifts are in good agreement with the values estimated from results of the magnetic field measurement. Compensation of the vertical closed orbit distortion due to misalignment of coils of the wiggler was tried with a vertical steering magnet. However, compensation is not perfect at the maximum excitation level because the distance between the steering magnet and the wiggler is not sufficiently short.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Polymer optical fiber amplifiers (POFA) of graded-index (GI) type, which have a gain in visible region, were successfully prepared by the interfacial-gel polymerization technique. The gain of 27 dB was observed at 591 nm signal wavelength with 690 W launched pump power at 532 nm in a GI POFA with 0.5 m length.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

The revolver undulator beam line BL-19A at the Photon Factory has been constructed to be dedicated to the solid-state research and laid out for photon energy from 20 to 250 eV. To cover a wide spectral range by the maximum intensity of a first harmonics of undulator radiation, the simultaneous scanning of the undulator magnet gap and the monochromator has been accomplished in the normal user beam time. A displacement of the positron beam induced by scanning the undulator magnet gap are corrected using vertical and horizontal steering magnets at both ends of the undulator. The degradation of the beamline by the high heat loading was considerably reduced by adopting SiC substrate mirrors and gratings.

Electronic Resource

1439-0523

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

A physical map of Beta webbiana (a wild species of the section Pro-cumbentes) chloroplast genome was constructed by localizing the cleavage sites of SmaI, PstI, PvuII, XhoI, and HindIII, and the map was then aligned with the map of sugarbeet (B. vulgaris) chloroplast DNA. This alignment shows 27 restriction-site changes and 11 insertions/deletions, most of which occur in the large single-copy region of the genome. A 0.7-kb long mutation, located within an unidentified open reading frame (ORF2280) in the inverted repeat, was also found.

Electronic Resource

1399-3054

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

Recent studies have suggested that Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM) or CaM-like proteins may be involved in blue light (BL)-dependent proton pumping in guard cells. As the increase in cytosolic concentration of Ca2+ is required for the activation of CaM and CaM-like proteins, the origin of the Ca2+ was investigated by measuring BL-dependent proton pumping with various treatments using guard cell protoplasts (GCPs) from Vicia faba. BL-dependent proton pumping was affected neither by Ca2+ channel blockers nor by changes of Ca2+ concentration in the medium used for the GCPs. Addition of Ca2+ ionophores and an agonist to GCPs did not induce proton pumping. However, BL-dependent proton pumping was inhibited by 10 mM caffeine, which releases Ca2+ from the intracellular stores, and by 10 μM 2,5-di-(tert-butyl)-1,4-benzohydroquinone (BHQ) and 10 μM cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), inhibitors of Ca2+-ATPase in the sarcoplasmic and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). By contrast, the inhibitions were not observed by 10 μM thapsigargin, an inhibitor of animal ER-type Ca2+-ATPase. The inhibitions by caffeine and BHQ were reversible. Light-dependent stomatal opening in the epidermis of Vicia was inhibited by caffeine, BHQ, and CPA. From these results, we conclude that the Ca2+ thought to be required for BL-dependent proton pumping may originate from intracellular Ca2+ stores, most likely from ER in guard cells, and that this origin of Ca2+ may generate a stimulus-specific Ca2+ signal for stomatal opening.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

We report on calculations of the anisotropy of the electron Hall mobility and its temperature dependence in n-type 6H–SiC. The model is based on the conduction band structure determined recently by a first-principle calculation. It provides explicit and easy to use analytical expressions for both drift and Hall mobilities. The calculation of the Hall mobility based on our model agrees very well with experimentally determined anisotropic Hall mobility in 6H–SiC. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

We show how a differential interference contrast microscope can be adapted for low temperature operation by having only the microscope objective at low temperatures. The microscope's body, with delicate birefringent optics, is kept at room temperature. A key part is the use of two Wollaston prisms with opposite anisotropic media to ensure a flat field. The device can detect optical path differences of the order of 10 pm/μm with a few seconds of integration time. Images taken at several hour intervals can be subtracted, indicating good mechanical stability. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

0003-2697

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource