Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:T. C. Jones)

2014-11-22

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Antibodies, Viral/blood/*immunology ; Antigenic Variation/genetics/immunology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/genetics/*immunology ; Influenza Vaccines/*immunology ; Influenza, Human/blood/*immunology/prevention & control ; *Vaccination

2011-06-10

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Adenoviridae/genetics/physiology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Blocking/immunology ; Antigens, CD/genetics/metabolism ; Antigens, CD81 ; Cells, Cultured ; Claudin-1 ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Hepatitis C/*genetics/*virology ; Hepatocytes/cytology/*metabolism/*virology ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Receptors, Virus/genetics/metabolism ; Scavenger Receptors, Class B/genetics/metabolism ; Transfection ; Viral Tropism

2018-05-03

MDPI Publishing

1661-7827

1660-4601

Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Medicine

2015-07-15

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

2011-04-12

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Cell Line ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation/*genetics/*immunology ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Interferon Type I/*immunology ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Virus Replication ; Viruses/growth & development/*immunology

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The luminescence decay kinetics of homogeneously and delta-doped ZnS:Mn thin film phosphors was investigated. A quantitative model based on the hopping model of energy transfer theory was developed to described the concentration quenching phenomenon in ZnS:Mn. The model predicted the dependence of the energy transfer rate on material parameters such as the Mn and defect concentrations. The luminescence decay of homogeneously doped ZnS:Mn consisted of two exponential components at 10 K. The fast component of 120 μs was attributed to exchange-coupled pair emission and the slow component of 1.6 ms to isolated Mn ions. As the temperature was increased, the exchange-coupled pair emission disappeared and the decay became strongly nonexponential. The nonexponentiality was attributed to nonradiative energy transfer processes. The concentration dependence of the effective lifetime was also found to change with temperature. The investigation on the temperature dependence revealed two regimes of concentration which showed distinct temperature dependencies. From the temperature dependence, it was concluded that the energy transfer between Mn ions was active only when the Mn concentration was greater than 2 at. %. By comparing these results with the results of Dexter's theory, the energy transfer between Mn ions was found to be mediated by an electric dipole–dipole interaction. The delta-doped ZnS:Mn showed faster decay times due to the enhanced overlap between 3d and s-p host states caused by lattice strain. From the temperature dependence, a two-dimensional confinement of energy transfer was observed when the doping planes were far apart. However, when the doping planes were brought close together, the delta-doped samples behaved similarly to the homogeneously doped ZnS:Mn indicating that the energy transfer was no longer two-dimensionally confined. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

A device concept, the multilayer stacked electroluminescent device is presented. This device consists of a series of double insulating-layer electroluminescent units stacked up on top of one another, separated by transparent electrodes and alternately biased in opposite directions. This unique design allows independent control of the drive voltage and the total phosphor thickness. The drive voltage depends only on the individual phosphor layer thickness while the total phosphor thickness, and thus the total brightness, can be increased by increasing the number of layers. The anticipated enhancement in brightness was predicted by equivalent circuit analysis and demonstrated by prototype devices fabricated by atomic layer epitaxy. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The luminescence characteristics of a two-component electroluminescent (EL) phosphor, SrS:Cu,Ag, were investigated by optical spectroscopy. Motivated by the discovery of efficient EL from SrS:Cu, SrS:Ag was investigated but exhibited poor EL emission, even though it showed a superior blue color. Thus, SrS:Cu,Ag samples were prepared in order to investigate if the Ag luminescence could be sensitized to produce a more efficient and saturated blue EL phosphor. A detailed spectroscopic study on SrS:Cu,Ag revealed that the emission characteristics of SrS:Cu,Ag were identical to SrS:Ag, whereas the excitation spectra resembled SrS:Cu. These results demonstrated the efficient energy transfer from Cu to Ag, confirming the successful sensitization. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The electroluminescence (EL) properties of SrS:Cu, SrS:Ag, and SrS:Ag,Cu thin-film phosphors are reported. SrS:Cu and SrS:Ag are shown to exhibit very different EL properties with SrS:Cu possessing a luminance and efficiency of 30.8 cd/m2 and 0.2 lm/W, compared to SrS:Ag whose luminance and efficiency are 0.7 cd/m2 and 0.001 lm/W, respectively. In contrast, SrS:Ag,Cu exhibits the high luminance and efficiency of SrS:Cu, but the saturated chromaticity of SrS:Ag, which exhibits an excellent blue chromaticity of (0.17,0.15). The improved electroluminescent luminance, efficiency, and color purity of SrS:Ag,Cu are explained by the energy transfer from the Cu+ to Ag+ ions. These results suggest a concept to improve EL performance through the use of a class of two-component phosphors, which exhibit superior color, brightness, and excitation efficiency. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1749-6632

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Natural Sciences in General

Electronic Resource

1365-2133

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

This review summarizes the efficacy and tolerability of terbinafine (Lamisil®) in the treatment of dermatophytoses in children. In six clinical studies, 152 children who received terbinafine were evaluable for efficacy and 196 were evaluable for tolerability. In these studies, terbinaline was used for between 1 and 28 weeks. The median treatment was 4 weeks, the duration of treatment in the tinea capitis studies.As a result of extensive experience in adults at doses of 10 mg/kg and less, and the overall pharmacokinetic profile in children, including the lower volume of distribution of terbinafine into lipophilic tissue, the use of a dose of 125 mg/day for children weighing 20–40 kg, and 62.5 mg/day in children weighing less than 20 kg, has been proposed. This dose was shown to be well tolerated and effective. For children weighing 〉40kg, the adult dose of 250mg is appropriate.Terbinafine was shown to be very effective (93% cured), in the treatment of children with tinea capitis, using a shorter treatment duration (4 weeks) than that usually employed with presently available antifungal drugs. It is also effective in children with various dermatophyte infections of the skin, with a cure rate of more than 90%. Terbinafine was shown to be well tolerated in children aged between 2 and 17 years.The recommended duration of treatment for tinea capitis is 4 weeks. The recommended duration of treatment for other skin or nail dermatophyte infections, based on extensive studies in adults, and confirmed in children, is 2 weeks for tinea corporis and tinea pedis, 6 weeks for finger-nail onychomycosis and 12 weeks for toe-nail onychomycosis.

Electronic Resource

0025-1895

Economics

1420-9071

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1439-0973

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Zusammenfassung Der Granulozyten-Macrophagen Kolonien-stimulierende Faktor (GM-CSF) hat ein breites Aktivitäts-Spektrum im hämatopoietischen System und wird für die klinische Anwendung geprüft. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß unter GM-GSF-Behandlung Neutropenien entweder weniger stark ausgeprägt sind oder verkürzt werden können. Die Nebenwirkungen von GM-CSF sind meist dosisabhängig. Bei einer Dosierung von 5–10 µg/kg, entweder intravenös über 4–6 Stunden oder subkutan verabreicht, wurden in 20–30% der Patienten Fieber, Myalgien, Müdigkeit, Schwäche, Rötungen und Reaktionen an der Injektionsstelle beobachtet, die leicht bis mittelschwer ausgeprägt waren. In den ersten Studien, in denen sehr hohe Dosen von GM-CSF in Kurzzeit-Infusionen gegeben wurden, waren die Nebenwirkungen zum Teil schwerwiegend, in weniger als 5% der Fälle traten Perikarditis und Thrombose auf. Die sogenannte “Erste Dosis Reaktion” die nur nach der ersten Gabe von GM-CSF in manchen dafür disponierten Patienten auftreten kann, wird ebenfalls vorwiegend nach höheren Dosen beobachtet (〉10 µg/kg) und bewirkt Hypoxie und Blutdruckabfall, vorwiegend bei kurzer Infusionsdauer. Bestimmte Erkrankungen wie Myelodysplastische Syndrome, AML und Patienten mit entzündlichen Erkrankungen, auto-immuner Thrombozytopenie oder ungenügender Immunantwort erfordern sorgfältige Beobachtung und Betreuung, um etwaige Komplikationen während der GM-CSF-Behandlung zu vermeiden. Unter den jetzt erarbeiteten Anwendungsrichtlinien zeigt GM-CSF ein wesentlich günstigeres Nutzen-/Risiko-Verhältnis.

Summary Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a pleiotropic molecule which displays a broad range of haematopoietic activities, has become available for clinical evaluation in various patient groups. It has been shown to be effective in preventing or reversing neutropenia. Adverse effects of GM-CSF, however, are dose related. Appropriate dose, route and schedules for GM-CSF in various clinical settings have recently been defined, the usual range being 5–10 µg/kg/day either by 4–6 h intravenous infusion or by subcutaneous injection. At such doses, adverse effects are predominantly mild-to-moderate in nature, occur in 20–30% of patients and usually comprise fever, myalgia, malaise, rash and injection site reaction. Early trials using very high doses of GM-CSF were often associated with marked adverse effects, which in rare cases proved severe (pericarditis and thrombosis). Similarly, a so-called “first-dose reaction”, defined as a syndrome of hypoxia and hypotension after the initial but not subsequent doses of GM-CSF, was observed in certain predisposed patients following doses above 10 µg/kg/day. Subsequent trials have established that intravenous bolus or short infusions of GM-CSF are more likely to promote adverse effects. Certain patient groups, for example those with myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukaemia, inflammatory disease, autoimmune thrombocytopenia or malfunctional immunological responsiveness, require careful clinical monitoring in order to avoid potential complications following the administration of GM-CSF. With the current appropriate administration and doses of GM-CSF, the benefit:risk ratio has been greatly improved.

Electronic Resource

1435-4373

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract The efficacy of GM-CSF was investigated in 20 neutropenic patients (〈 1500 neutrophils/µl) with acute visceral leishmaniasis due toLeishmania chagasi. Patients were randomized to receive either GM-CSF, 5 µg/kg daily (intravenously or subcutaneously), or placebo for ten days, in combination with pentavalent antimony, 10–20 mg/kg daily for 20 days. Neutrophil counts were significantly greater on days 5 and 10 of treatment in the GM-CSF group compared with the placebo group (p〈0.02). Eosinophil and monocyte counts were also significantly increased in the GM-CSF group at day 10 (p≤0.03). Interestingly, at day 30, platelet counts were significantly higher in the GM-CSF treated group (p=0.007). Haemoglobin levels were significantly increased in the GM-CSF group on days 5 and 10 (p=0.04 and 0.02, respectively). Patients in the GM-CSF group experienced fewer secondary bacterial or viral infections than placebo patients. Infections occurred in only three patients given GM-CSF compared with eight patients given placebo (p〈0.04). All patients had complete resolution of disease symptoms at three months. Few adverse events were recorded. GM-CSF given subcutaneously at a dose of 5 µg/kg daily for ten days was well tolerated, reversed neutropenia rapidly and reduced the number of secondary infections in patients with leishmaniasis.

Electronic Resource

1435-4373

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Electronic Resource