Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:T. Asano)

2018-09-05

The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

1078-0432

1557-3265

Medicine

2013-06-28

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

2018-11-06

Rockefeller University Press

0022-1007

1540-9538

Medicine

Immunodeficiency, Human Disease Genetics

1524-475X

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Aim: To examine the efficacy and safety of human embryonic stem (ES) cell-based therapies, allogeneic transplantation of monkey ES cells would be useful. We transplanted genetically marked monkey ES cells into the allogeneic fetus. Methods and Results: Cynomolgus ES cells were transduced once using a simian immunodeficiency virus-based lentivirus vector encoding the GFP gene driven by the CMV promoter at 1, 10 and 100 transducing units per cell. Five days posttransduction, 60, 80 and 90% of the cells expressed GFP, respectively, and the expression levels were stable for 5 months. GFP expression was still observed after embryoid-body formation. The gene-marked ES cells were transplanted into the cynomolgus fetus in the abdominal cavity (n = 2) or liver (n = 1) after the first trimester. The fetuses were delivered 1 month posttransplantation. Transplanted cell progeny were detected (∼1%) in multiple tissues by quantitative PCR and in situ PCR of the GFP sequence. No teratoma was found in the tissues. Conclusions: Cynomolgus ES cells can be engrafted in the allogeneic fetus. We are now trying to transplant cynomolgus ES cells differentiated to neural or hematopoietic lineage.

Electronic Resource

1527-3458

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1524-475X

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Aim:  Recently advocated concept of wound bed preparation (WBP) has systematically concreted the critical components of wound care, including debridement, bacterial balance, and management of exudate. We succeed in experiences by topical pharmaceutical therapy combined with WBP. We aimed to demonstrate availability of the wound management.Methods:  Since 1999, 18 exteriorized-bone patients with deep soft tissue defects were treated with this treatment. Our procedure was composed of four steps; 1) Resection or debridement, 2) Wound cleansing (soaking foot and hand in the hot bath with antibacterial carbonated agent), 3) Topical medication: basic fibroblast growth factor (Trafermin; KAKEN, Tokyo) and bucladecine sodium (Actocin ointment; Daiichi Pharmaceu. Co. Ltd, Tokyo), and 4) Dressing.Results:  The average time for whole coverage of the exposed-bone area with healthy granulation was 23 ±  13( median;19, range; 7–47) days after surgical treatment (the 1st step). The average time for complete epithelization was 72 ± 42 (55, 26–150) days in the patients who had not undergone skin graft. For minor amputations of diabetic feet the healing time until complete epithelization was 65 ± 46 (44, 26–150) days on an average.Conclusions:  We concluded that the integrated approach mobilizing commercial available products for wound healing under optimally prepared environment offers advantage of facilitating the efficacy of exogenous therapeutic measures on condition that endogenous regeneration has been accelerated.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Y-Ba-Cu-O films were deposited on Al-coated Si substrates by the plasma-spray method. The Al buffer layer appears to be effective in yielding crack-free adhesive Y-Ba-Cu-O films. Resistance measurements indicate that the films exhibit a superconducting phase below 90 K. Results of x-ray microanalysis and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirm that the Al buffer forms an Al2O3 layer and prevents precipitation of Cu at the film/substrate interface.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Residual strain, surface roughness, and dislocations of Si1−xGex alloy layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si(001) substrates at 550 °C have been characterized by x-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM). Two kinds of samples were grown. One is a series of Si1−xGex alloy layers with x≤0.3 and a thickness of 5000 Å directly grown on Si(001) substrates, and the other is a series of Si0.7Ge0.3 alloy layers with a thickness of 2000 Å grown on Si(001) via compositionally graded Si1−yGey buffer layers (0≤y≤x). The Ge grading rate gr in the buffer layer, defined by gr% Ge/μm, ranged from 22 to 76. In the case of direct growth, the surface morphology changes from a wavy ripple pattern to a cross-hatch pattern with increase in x, and islandlike patterns appear at x=0.3. The residual strain decreases with increase in x, whereas the surface roughness increases with x. In the case of Si0.7Ge0.3 alloy layers grown with buffer layers, the surfaces of all samples display cross-hatch pattern. The surface roughness is highest for a grading rate of about 35, and it decreases for both lower and higher grading rates. The residual strain also shows a similar dependence on the grading rate. XTEM images are correlated to the residual strain and surface roughness. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract— Cyclic 3′,5′-AMP (cAMP) and cyclic 3′,5′–GMP (cGMP) phosphodiesterase activities were found in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using low substrate concentration (0.4μM). More rapid hydrolysis of cGMP than that of cAMP was observed in human CSF. However, cGMP hydrolytic activity of CSF was very much lower (0.3 pmol/min/ml CSF) than that of human cerebral cortex (33.7 nmol/min/g wet cortex). The pH optimum was found to be 8.0 (cGMP phosphodiesterase) and 7.5 (cAMP phosphodiesterase). The maximum stimulation of both cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterase was achieved at 4 mM-MgCl2. Cyclic AMP had relatively little effect on the hydrolysis of cGMP in CSF and the cortex, while cGMP inhibited hydrolysis of cAMP in both tissues. Snake venom was found to stimulate cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterase activity of CSF, by 60% and 110% respectively. This stimulation by snake venom was also observed in the cortex phosphodiesterase, but was not observed in human plasma or thyroid phosphodiesterase. When CSF was applied to Sepharose 6B column, cGMP phosphodiesterase was separated into three different molecular forms. A plot of activity against substrate concentration using peak I (largest molecular size) revealed a high affinity (Km= 2.6μM) and a low affinity (Km= 100μM) for cAMP suggesting the existence of at least two molecular forms of the enzyme. On the other hand, using a cGMP as substrate the only one Km value (1.90 μm) was obtained. These Km values of CSF enzymes described above were close to those obtained from human cerebral cortex preparations. The enzyme under peak I corresponded to the cortex enzyme when judged from its molecular size and stimulation by snake venom. It seems likely from our results that at least a part of CSF phosphodiesterase originates from the central nervous system.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

A wire-conductor fabrication method has been developed for Cu–Ag alloys containing 2–60 at. % Ag where high strength and high conductivity conductors are obtained by cold working combined with intermediate heat treatment. The intermediate heat treatment is repeated 3–4 times at 350–450 °C for 1–2 h at appropriate stages of reduction of area. The optimized Cu-16 at. % Ag alloy wire with 99% reduction of area showed a tensile strength of 1000 MPa and an electrical conductivity of 80% IACS at room temperature. This suggests that the wires fabricated may be very promising for high-field pulsed magnet use.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

A picosecond-range all-optical modulation based on the nonlinear interaction between interband- and intersubband-resonant light in GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum wells was demonstrated. A free electron laser (FEL) with a very short pulse width (〈10 ps) was used for the intersubband excitation. The dependence of the modulation depth on the wavelength of the intersubband-resonant light was investigated by utilizing the wide tunability of the FEL. The result is in good agreement with the intersubband absorption spectrum of the multiple quantum wells measured by FT-IR spectroscopy, which indicates that the observed modulation is indeed based on the intersubband transition induced by the FEL. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Modulation of interband-resonant light (∼800 nm) by intersubband-resonant light (5–7 μm) was investigated in n-doped AlGaAs/GaAs multiple quantum wells by a two-color femtosecond pump-probe technique. Modulation with a recovery time of ∼1 ps is observed in a plainer-type modulation device at room temperature. The modulation of interband absorption coefficient is ∼1000 cm−1 when the energy density of the intersubband light pulse is ∼4 fJ/μm2. The modulation efficiency indicates that 99% modulation can be achieved with a control pulse energy of ∼1 pJ when a conventional waveguide-type device structure is utilized. The mechanism which determines the modulation speed is discussed in terms of carrier relaxation process. It is shown that the modulation speed is mainly determined by the inter- and intrasubband relaxation times, where the latter is influenced by hot phonon effects. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

An improvement of an all-optical modulation scheme that utilizes an intersubband transition is proposed and investigated in connection with intersubband carrier relaxation dynamics. N-doped GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells are pumped by an ultrashort (∼120 fs) intersubband-resonant pulse and probed by an interband-resonant white-light continuum. Ultrafast modulation speed of ∼0.4 ps is demonstrated, which is faster than that of the previous scheme by as much as a factor of 10. It is found that a large part of the carriers, which are excited from the first conduction subband to the second conduction subband, transfer to unknown trapping states at a relaxation time that is comparable to that of the pump–pulse duration. The existence of the carrier relaxation path via L valley subbands is strongly suggested as the cause. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H) films were deposited with a radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition system which utilizes a dc electric field applied independently of the inductively coupled rf field. The source gases were SiH4 and CH4. It was found that application of an electric field directed out of the substrate surface enhances the growth rate and yields some improvements in photoconductivity. The compositions of the films were evaluated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for a range of source gas mixtures. In order to assess the applicability of a-SiC:H thin films, heterojunction a-SiC:H/crystalline Si (c-Si) diodes were fabricated and their electrical characteristics evaluated. The diode capacitance-voltage results confirmed a step junction, which was consistent with the abruptness of the interface demonstrated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The heterojunction diodes also showed good rectifying properties, suggesting promise for a-SiC@B:H in device applications.

Electronic Resource

1365-3083

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary antibody deficiency syndrome characterized by defective B-cell maturation and antibody formation resulting in low serum antibody levels of all immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes. To investigate the pathogenesis of CVID, we developed a set of competitive polymerase chain reaction for membrane-bound Ig heavy chain (mHC) mRNAs for IgM, IgG and IgA. Data on three children with CVID in group A of Bryant's classification were analysed. All the three mHC mRNA levels in Patient 1 were almost same as those in healthy controls. In Patient 2, mHC mRNA for IgM was detected at a level similar to that in controls, but mHC mRNAs for IgG and IgA heavy chains were not detected. In Patient 3, all the three mHC mRNAs were undetectable. Our data suggest that a different molecular basis exists in these patients with CVID even though all belong to group A of Bryant's classification. Use of our method facilitates a better understanding of molecular events in CVID patients and may be useful for precise classifications of CVID.

Electronic Resource

1365-2842

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

In this study, we applied cognitive behavioural intervention to subjects who had painful limited mouth opening, with or without posture correction in daily life. The efficacy of non-intervention control was then compared with it in order to study the effectiveness of posture correction as part of a biobehavioural therapy. The visual analogue scale (VAS) value of pain intensity at maximum mouth opening and disturbance in daily life sharply declined in the group which received only cognitive behavioural intervention and those who received it together with posture correction in daily life compared to the non-intervention control group although there was little difference between the intervention groups. Moreover, pain-free unassisted mouth opening was restored earlier in the group which had added posture correction. This suggests that posture correction in daily life has a positive effect in alleviating myofascial pain with limited mouth opening.

Electronic Resource

1365-2842

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

summary  This study evaluated the mandibular condyle displacement on the working side while masticating certain foods with different textures. For referencing the mandibular condyle movement, the range of voluntary border movement of the mandibular condyle was determined based on the analysis of the sagittal, left lateral and right lateral border motion using Posselt's figure. The test foods consisted of cheese, peanuts, and beef jerky. During mastication of cheese and peanuts, the amount of displacement of the mandibular condyle in all directions was within the range of border movement. Significant posterior and superior shifts of the mandibular condyle were observed during mastication of beef jerky, compared with the findings obtained during border movement. Accordingly, it is suggested that prolonged mastication of hard fibrous foods, may stimulate the temporomandibular joint structure and mandibular dysfunction patients should limit their intake of such foods.

Electronic Resource

1365-2036

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Aim : To investigate the inhibitory effects on gastric acid secretion of three proton pump inhibitors, omeprazole, lansoprazole and rabeprazole, using a three-way crossover design in healthy Helicobacter pylori-negative,S-mephenytoin 4′-hydroxylase (CYP2C19) homo- and hetero-extensive metabolizers.Methods : Eight healthy Japanese male volunteers were enrolled. After the administration of rabeprazole (10 mg/day), lansoprazole (30 mg/day) or omeprazole (20 mg/day), intragastric pH monitoring was commenced from 24 h before the first proton pump inhibitor dose, and continued for days 1–3 after proton pump inhibitor administration. The pH electrode was used for 48 h and changed just before pH monitoring on day 2.Results : For the administration of 10 mg/day rabeprazole, the mean ratios of the 24-h pH ≥ 3 holding timewere 5.7 ± 1.1%,13.6 ± 2.2%, 35.3 ± 2.7% and 62.8 ± 3.1% for the pre-treatment day and days 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The same ratios for lansoprazole (30 mg/day) were 5.7 ± 0.7%, 7.4 ± 1.5%, 13.6 ± 3.4% and 26.6 ± 4.9%; the same ratios for 20 mg/day omeprazole were 5.9 ± 0.9%, 6.1 ± 1.2%, 11.4 ± 2.8% and 16.4 ± 4.6%. The mean ratio of the 24-h pH ≥ 3 holding time of days 1–3 increased significantly compared to the pre-treatment day (P 〈 0.01) with the administration of rabeprazole and lansoprazole. The magnitude of inhibition of gastric acid secretion after rabeprazole administration was stronger than that after lansoprazole. A significant elevation of the mean ratio of the 24-h pH ≥ 3 holding time was demonstrated on days 2 and 3 with omeprazole (P 〈 0.01).Conclusions : In H. pylori-negative CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers, rabeprazole (10 mg/day) shows a faster onset of rising intragastric pH and a stronger inhibition of gastric acid secretion than do lansoprazole (30 mg/day) or omeprazole (20 mg/day).

Electronic Resource

0005-2736

Diethylene glycol ; Interdigitated gel phase ; Osmoelastic coupling ; Phosphatidylcholine ; Thermotrophic phase transition ; Triethylene glycol

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Physics

Electronic Resource

0005-2736

Ethylene glycol ; Excimer method ; Interdigitated gel phase ; Phosphatidylcholine ; Pyrene-PC

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Physics

Electronic Resource