Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:Sterk)

article

2004

Forschung ; Diagnostik ; Kind ; Schülerbeurteilung

Heilpädagogik in einer veränderten Forschungslandschaft., Luzern: Edition SZH/CSPS (2004), S. 167-176

German

article

2012

Kind ; Vorschule ; Sonderpädagogik ; Integration

Forum / BVF, Berufsverband der Früherzieherinnen und Früherzieher der Deutschen, Rätoromanischen und Italienischen Schweiz, (2012) H. 79, S. 27-32

Italian

article

1982

Projekt ; Wohnen ; Wohnraum ; Wohnung ; Mitbestimmung ; Architektur ; Bauplan ; Bericht ; Erfahrungsbericht ; Österreich

Wohnbau, (1982) H. 7-8, S. 3-62

German

book

2002

Religiosität ; Hochschulbildung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; USA

English

article

1993

Sachinformation ; Fotografie ; Bild ; Textiles Gestalten ; Textilkunde ; Textilberuf ; Grafische Darstellung ; Nordeuropa ; Osteuropa ; Ostseeraum

Textilarbeit + Unterricht, Bd. 64 (1993) H. 2, S. 55-107, 0342-7358

German

2018-06-02

The Society of Nuclear Medicine (SNM)

0022-3123

Medicine

2018-04-03

The Society of Nuclear Medicine (SNM)

0022-3123

Medicine

2018-05-25

American Chemical Society (ACS)

1535-3893

1535-3907

Chemistry and Pharmacology

2018-05-02

American Chemical Society (ACS)

Chemistry and Pharmacology

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

The 7Li relaxational behavior of phenyl-lithium in isotropic solution has been investigated. The multiexponential quadrupolar relaxation dynamic facilitates the determination of the rotational diffusion constants together with the quadrupolar coupling constant, despite the zero average of the quadrupolar splitting on account of molecular tumbling. The rotational diffusion constants obtained are in very satisfactory agreement with those derived from our phenyl-lithium 13C relaxation studies.

Electronic Resource

1089-7674

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

A free electron maser (FEM) has been built as a mm-wave source for applications on future fusion research devices such as ITER, the international tokamak experimental reactor [M. A. Makowski, F. Elio, and D. Loeser, April 97, Proc. 10th Workshop on ECE and ECRH, EC10, 549-559. World Scientific (1998)]. A unique feature of the Dutch fusion-FEM is the possibility to tune the frequency over the entire range from 130 to 260 GHz at an output power exceeding 1 MW. In the first phase of the project, a so-called inverse setup is used. The electron gun is mounted inside the high-voltage terminal. The entire beam line was tested successfully with extremely low loss current, lower than 0.05%. This included the accelerating structure up to 2 MV level and the transport through the undulator. First generation of mm-waves was achieved in October 1997. With an electron beam current around 8 A and an accelerator voltage of 1.76 MV the mm-wave pulse starts after 3 μs and lasts for 3 μs, reaching a maximum saturated peak power level of more than 500 kW at a frequency of 200 GHz. Output power, start-up time, and frequency correspond well with simulation results. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

The 31P and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) longitudinal relaxation behavior of the hypophosphite ion (H2PO2)aitch-theta is investigated in D2O solution at various temperatures and two magnetic field strengths. Among a number of different well known methods of preparing the magnetization, a new simple procedure is described. This technique allows the excitation of exclusive longitudinal two- or three-spin order by taking advantage of amplitude modulated pulses. By using the semiclassical Redfield approach and transformation into a normal mode basis, the experimental data are interpreted in terms of an axially symmetric phosphorus chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) tensor and anisotropic rotational diffusion.

Electronic Resource

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

It will be demonstrated that the chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) relaxation mechanism for protonated aromatic 13C nuclei is by no means negligible. The cross correlation spectral density arising from dipolar and CSA interactions in the natural abundance 13C–H spin system of pentachlorobenzene is included in the complete determination of the molecular motional anisotropy. Additionally, the absolute sign of the indirect coupling constant 1JCH is shown to be positive.

Electronic Resource

1399-3038

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1365-2222

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Background Neuropeptides are likely to be implicated in the pathophysiology of allergen-induced airway responses. However, upon release in the airways, neuropeptides are potentially inactivated by neutral endopeptidase (NEP). Objective We hypothesized that NEP-inhibition by inhaled thiorphan (TH) would increase allergen-induced early (EAR) and late (LAR) asthmatic responses, and allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness to histamine in asthmatic subjects in vivo. The dose and dosing intervals of TH were derived from previous pharmacokinetic and dose-finding studies.Methods Nine non-smoking, atopic, asthmatic men with dual asthmatic responses to inhaled house-dust mite extract participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. During each study period PC20 histamine was measured 24 h before, and 3 and 24 h post-allergen. TH (1.25 mg/mL, 0.5 mL) or placebo (P) were aerosolized pre-allergen, and three times at 2 h intervals post-allergen (total dose of TH: 2.5mg). Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was recorded and expressed as percentage fall from baseline. The EAR (0–3 h) and the LAR (3–8 h) were defined as maximum percentage fall from the pre-allergen baseline and as corresponding areas under the time-response curves (AUC).Results As compared with P, TH failed to induce an acute effect on FEV1 at any of the timepoints (P 〉 0.08). There was no significant difference between P and TH in the EAR and the LAR: neither in terms of maximum percentage fall from baseline (mean± SEM: EAR: 22.3 ±4.7% (P) and 20.4±4.1% (TH). P=0.75; LAR: 25.2 ± 4.7% (P) and 26.4±5.8% (TH), P= 0.77) nor in terms of AUC (P = 0.16). Correspondingly, the changes in PC20 histamine were not different between the two treatments (F 〉 0.40).Conclusion We conclude that four adequate doses of the inhaled NEP-inhibitor, thiorphan. failed to potentiate allergen-induced airway responses in asthma. These results suggest that either neuropeptides do not play a predominant role in allergeninduced airway responses, or that allergen challenge induces NEP-dysfunction in humans in vivo.

Electronic Resource

1365-2222

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1365-2222

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

In patients with asthma there is only a weak relationship between airway responsiveness to hypertonic saline and methacholine. We tested the hypothesis that airway responsiveness to hypertonic saline in asthma is related to the presence and activity of inflammatory cells in the peripheral blood. Nineteen atopic asthmatic adults (19–28 yr; PC20 0.06–12.4 mg/ml), not receiving steroid treatment, entered a methacholine and hypertonic saline period in random order. Dose-response curves to doubling doses of inhaled methacholine (0.03–256 mg/ml) or hypertonic saline (0.9–14.4% NaCl) were obtained twice in each period, 7 days apart. The response was measured by FEV1 Methacholine responsiveness was measured by PC20 METH of FEV1 and responsiveness to hypertonic saline was expressed as the percentage fall in FEV, after 14.4% NaCl (HYP14.4%). Peripheral blood was collected before the second challenge test of each period. Apart from leucocyte counts and serum eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) level, sub-sets of lymphocytes (CD4 +/CD3 +, CD8 +/CD3 +, CD25 +/CD4 + and VLA-1 +/CD4 +) were determined using flowcytornetry. HYP14.4% was positively correlated to basophil, eosinophil and monocyte counts (r = 0.64, 0.54 and 0.44, respectively; P〈 0.05). The basophil count remained positively related to HYP 14.4% when PC20 METH or FEV1%pred were entered in multiple linear regression analyses (r = 0.66 and 0.75, respectively; P 0.05). There were no significant relationships between HYP14.4% or PC20 METH on one side and ECP level or T-lymphocyte subsets on the other (P〉 0.05). We conclude that airway responsiveness to hypertonic saline is positively related to the number of peripheral blood basophils, eosinophils and monocytes. Basophil count is an independent correlate of responsiveness to hypertonic saline, after correction for mcthacholine responsiveness and baseline lung function. This fits in with active involvement of basophils in airway narrowing to hypertonic saline in vivo.

Electronic Resource

1365-2222

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Background Inflammatory and structural changes of the airway mucosa are chronic features of asthma. The mechanisms underlying these changes and their modulation by steroid prophylaxis have not been clarified.Objective We postulated that asymptomatic ongoing allergen exposure could drive airway inflammation as well as changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM), and that inhaled steroids could prevent this.Methods Therefore, we exposed patients with mild asthma to 2 weeks of repeated low-dose allergen, with concomitant inhaled steroid or placebo treatment. Bronchial biopsies, which were taken before and after this exposure, were stained and digitally analysed. The ECM proteins in asthmatics were also compared with a normal control group.Results Low-dose allergen exposure alone resulted in a significant increase of bronchial epithelial macrophages. Despite ongoing allergen exposure, inhaled steroids reduced the numbers of mucosal eosinophils, neutrophils and T lymphocytes. At baseline, the mean density of the proteoglycans (PGS) biglycan and decorin were, respectively, higher and lower in the bronchial mucosa of asthmatics as compared with normal controls. Steroid treatment, during allergen exposure, increased the mean density of the PGS biglycan and versican.Conclusion We conclude that chronic allergen exposure induces inflammatory changes in the bronchial mucosa. Despite ongoing allergen exposure, steroid treatment decreases mucosal inflammatory cells while altering PG density. The latter observation highlights the need to examine steroid-induced changes closely in the airway structure in patients with asthma.

Electronic Resource

1365-2222

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Background Very late antigen-4 (VLA4) plays a key role in the recruitment of eosinophils in allergic responses in animal studies.Objective We investigated whether pretreatment with multiple doses of a VLA4 receptor antagonist, HMR 1031, protects against allergen-induced airway responses and airway inflammation in humans.Methods Fourteen asthmatics (7F/7M), 18–49 years, PC20 forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) methacholine (M) (〈8 mg/mL; FEV1 82.3–116.1% predicted) with dual responses to inhaled allergen participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Each treatment period consisted of 9 days, separated by 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:09547894:CEA2296:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉2 weeks. Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO), PC20FEV1(M) and hypertonic saline-induced sputum was obtained on Days 1, 7 and 9. Subjects inhaled HMR 1031 (20 mg b.i.d.) or placebo (P) on Days 1–8. On Day 8, an allergen bronchoprovocation test was performed, the airway response was measured by FEV1, and expressed as %fall from baseline. Data from 12 evaluable subjects are presented here.Results Both treatments were well tolerated. There was no significant difference between HMR 1031 and P in the early asthamatic response: mean AUC (0–3 h)±SEM (%fall h): 26.01±4.26 and 17.41±4.26, respectively (P=0.18), nor in the late response: mean AUC (3–9 h)±SEM (%fall h): 97.09±8.63 and 97.61±8.63, respectively, P=0.97. This corresponded to the absence of significant allergen-induced changes in PC20FEV1(M), eNO, sputum eosinophils and soluble inflammation markers between both treatment periods.Conclusions Treatment with multiple inhaled doses of the VLA4 antagonist, HMR 1031, did not result in detectable protection against allergen-induced airway responses or airway inflammation in asthma.

Electronic Resource

1365-2222

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Some patients with severe asthma cannot be controlled with high doses of inhaled steroids (ICS), which may be related to ongoing environmental allergen exposure.We investigated whether 10 weeks of high altitude allergen avoidance leads to sustained benefits regarding clinical and inflammatory markers of disease control in adolescents with persistent asthma despite treatment with high dose ICS.Eighteen atopic asthmatic adolescents (12–18 yr, 500–2000 µg ICS daily) with established house dust mite allergy, participated in a parallel-group study. Quality of life (PAQL), lung function, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) to adenosine and histamine, induced sputum and urine samples were collected repeatedly from 10 patients during a 10-week admission period to the Swiss Alps (alt. 1560 m) and at 6 weeks after return to sea level. Results were compared with those in eight patients, studied in their home environment at sea level for a similar time period. Throughout the study, asthma medication remained unchanged in both groups.During admission to high altitude, PAQL, lung function, BHR to adenosine and histamine, and urinary levels of eosinophil protein X (U-EPX), leukotriene E4 (U-LTE4) and 9α11β prostaglandin F2 (U-9α11β PGF2) improved significantly (P 〈 0.05), with a similar tendency for sputum eosinophils (P 〈 0.07). Furthermore, the changes in PAQL and BHR to adenosine and histamine were greater in the altitude than in the control group (P 〈 0.05). At 6 weeks after renewed allergen exposure at sea level, the improvements in PAQL (P 〈 0.05), BHR to adenosine (P 〈 0.07) and histamine (P 〈 0.05), as well as U-EPX (P 〈 0.05) and U-LTE4 (P 〈 0.05) were maintained.A short period of high altitude allergen avoidance, on top of regular treatment with ICS and long-acting β2-agonists, results in improvement of asthma, as assessed by clinical and inflammatory markers of disease severity. These findings indicate that short-term, rigorous allergen avoidance can improve the long-term control of severe asthma over and above what can be achieved even by high doses of inhaled steroids.

Electronic Resource