Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:S. Zimmerman)

2018-06-29

American Society of Hematology (ASH)

0006-4971

1528-0020

Biology

Medicine

Lymphoid Neoplasia, Clinical Trials and Observations

2014-01-11

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Cell Movement ; Chemokine CXCL12/metabolism ; Frameshift Mutation ; Gastrulation/genetics/*physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Zebrafish/*embryology/genetics/metabolism ; Zebrafish Proteins/genetics/*metabolism

1871-4528

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Zusammenfassung Die Felder auf den Golan-Höhen liegen 900 m ü. M. Die Temperatur ist tiefer als in den Ostgaliläischen Bergen während des Sommers. Am 20. Mai 1968 wurden irische Pflanzkartoffeln der SorteUp-to-Date (anerkannt in Klasse A) in Merom Golan ausgepflanzt. In den Jahren 1969–1971 wurden im Mai Basispflanzen und Pflanzgut der Klasse A der SorteUp-to-Date an zwei verschiedenen Orten, Meron Golan und Ein Zivan, angebaut (Tabelle 2). In den Ergebnissen der Feldbesichtigungen, die 1969–71 2–3 mal in Juni/Juli durchge führt wurden, widerspiegelte sich ein offensichtliches Fehlen der Virus-Vektoren. Es wurde kaum eine Uebertragung des Kartoffelvirus Y (PVY) durch Blattläuse festgestellt mit einer Ausnähme, nämlich im September 1970, als eine verbreitete PVY-Infektion beobachtet wurde. Diese Parzellen unterstanden dem Seed Inspection Service, und der Ertrag wurde als zertifiziertes Pflanzgut verwendet. In den Jahren 1971–1972 wurden Muster von 100–200 Knollen in Pflanzgutgrösse (40–100 g) zu verschiedenen Erntedaten entnommen und zu Untersuchungszwecken in einem insektensicheren Glashaus ausgepflanzt. Der durchschnittliche Virusbefall betrug 1971: PVY 1,3–2,6%, Kartoffel-Blattrollvirus (PLRV) 1,5–5,3%, Luzerne-Mosaikvirus (AMV) 6–12%, Stolbur 0–2% (Tabelle 2); 1972: PVY 1,3–2,5%. PLRV 0,5–4,6%, Stolbur war nicht vorhanden, AMV 2,5–4% (Tabelle 3). Pflanzgutmuster von den Golan-Höhen wurden 1970–72 in Versuchsparzellen angebaut. Der Virusbefall war wie folgt: PVY 0–0,7%, PLRV 0,3–6%, AMV 0–1% und Stolbur 0–0,5% (Tabelle 1). Vom Ertrag im Jahre 1970 wurden die Knollen in Pflanzgutgrösse 1971 auf verschiedenen Feldern angebaut. Gemäss dem Seed Inspection Service betrugen die Viruskheiten im Mittel: PVY 0,1–0,3% nur in 2 von 33 besichtigten Feldern; PLRV 0,3–2% in 19 Feldern, während das Virus in den andern 14 besichtigten Feldern nicht festgestellt wurde. 1972 wurden 30 Felder besichtigt, deren Pflanzgut im Sommer 1971 auf den Golan-Höhen erzeugt wurde. Befall mit Viruskrankheiten: PVY 0,1–0,2% in drei Feldern und keine Spur von PVY in den andern Feldern; PLRV 1–4% in 28 Feldern, und nur in 2 Feldern wurde kein sekundäres PLRV entdeckt. Die PLRV-Infektion ist also zunehmend häufiger aufgetreten und der Prozentsatz war höher. Gelbscheckigkeit oder Calico infolge AMV oder Stolbur wurden in diesen 1971–1972 besichtigten Feldern nicht beobachtet. Die Ursache für diesen bedeutend geringeren Virusbefall auf den Feldern und den Kontrollparzellen, verglichen mit den Laboruntersuchungen, liegt in der Tatsache, dass eine beträchtliche Zahl der AMV-infizierten Knollen nicht keimten oder unter Feldbedingungen nicht aufgingen. Pflanzen von PVY-infizierten Knollen neigen dazu, so früh aufzulaufen wie Pflanzen von gesunden Knollen; sie werden von ihren kräftigeren Nachbarn gedeckt und können daher den Augen des Anerkennungsexperten entgehen. Beurteilung von Pflanzkartoffeln von den Golan-Höhen. Im Frühling 1971 wurden Pflanzkartoffeln der SorteUp-to-Date von den Golan-Höhen im Vergleich met irischenUp-to-Date an neun verschiedenen Orten angebaut. An einem Ort war der Ertrag gleich, an vier Orten war er geringer und an den andern vier Orten höher (Tabelle 6); während 1972 der Ertrag des Pflanzgutes von den Golan-Höhen grösser war mit dem gleichen Prozentsatz von grossen Knollen (über 60 g) (Tabelle 5). Die Pflanzkartoffeln von den Golan-Höhen verhalten sich wie Pflanzgut jüngerer Anbaustufen in bezug auf Auflaufen, Stengelzahl (Tabelle 4), Blühen und Knollenbildung.

Résumé Les hauteurs de Golan se trouvent à 900 m audessus du niveau de la mer. Durant l'été la température y est plus basse que dans les montagnes de l'est de la Galilée. Le 20 mai 1968, on a planté à Meron Golan des plants irlandais certifiés A de la variétéUp-to-Date. Au cours des années 1969–1971, on a planté en mai des plants de base et des plants de classe AUp-to-Date dans deux localités différentes: Meron Golan et Ein Zivan (tableau 2). L'absence saisonnière apparente de vecteurs se reflète dans les résultats d'inspection des champs, exécutées 2–3 fois en juin-juillet 1969–71, ce qui explique qu'on n'a pu obsevver réellement aucune transmission par aphides de virus Y (PVY) sauf une fois où l'on observé, en septembre 1970, une infection réalisée en cours de saison. Les parcelles étaient soumises au contrôle du Service d'inspection des plants, et la production utilisée comme plants de pomme de terre certifiés. Au cours des années 1971–72, on a planté, en vue de tests, des échantillons de 100–200 tubercules de calibre ‘plants” (40–100 g), dans un abri toilé à l'abri des pucerons, et récoltés à différentes dates. En 1971, on a observé les viroses suivantes: PVY 1,3–2,6%, enroulement (PLRV) 1,5–5,3%, alfalfa (AMV) 6–12%, stolbur 0–2% (tableau 2). En 1972, les manifestations de viroses ont été les suivantes: PVY 1,3–2,5%, PLRV 0,5–4,6%, le stolbur étant absent, AMV 2,5–4% (tableau 3). On a planté des échantillons de plants provenant des hauteurs de Golan dans des parcelles expérimentales au cours des années 1970 et 1971. On a noté les viroses suivantes: PVY 0–0,7%, PLRV 0,3–6%, AMV 0–1% et stolbur 0–0,5% (tableau 1). En 1971, on a planté dans différents champs des tubercules de calibre ‘plants’ provenant de la production totale de 1970, les moyennes des maladies virologiques, selon le service d'inspection des plants, furent les suivantes: PVY 0,1–0,3% dans deux champs seulement des 33 champs inspectés, PLRV 0,3–2% dans 19 champs tandis qu'on a identifié aucune virose dans les 14 champs restants. En 1972, on a inspecté trente champs plantés avec des plants produits sur les hauteurs de Golan au cours de l'été 1971. Les manifestations virologiques ont été les suivantes: PVY 0,1–2% dans trois champs et aucune trace de PVY dans les autres; PLRV 1–4% dans vingt-huit champs et aucune manifestation de PLRV issu des plants dans deux champs seulement. L'infection de PLRV est donc devenue plus fréquente et le pourcentage d'infections plus élevé. On n'a pas observé de ‘Yellow mosaïc’ ou ‘Calico’ dû au AMV, ni de stolbur dans ces champs inspectés en 1971–1972. La raison de l'incidence remarquablement basse de virus dans les champs et parcelles de contrôle, comparativement aux tests de laboratoire, tient au fait qu'un nombre considérable de tubercules infectés de AMV ne germent pas ou ne lèvent pas dans les conditions des champs. Les plantes provenant de tubercules infectés de PVY ont tendance à lever aussi tôt que les plantes saines mais sont recouvertes par les plantes voisines vigoureuses. Elles peuvent par conséquent échapper aux yeux des contrôleurs. Appréciation des plants de pomme de terre des hauteurs de Golan. Au printemps 1971, on a planté, dans neuf localités différentes, des plants provenant des hauteurs de Golan, en comparaison avec des plantsUp-to-Date de provenance irlandaise. Dans une localité, la production fut identique, dans quatre localités elle était inférieur et elle fut supérieure dans les quatre autres (tableau 6); par contre en 1972 la production des plants des hauteurs de Golan était plus élevée avec le même pourcentage de gros tubercules supérieurs à 60 g (tableau 5). Les plants des hauteurs de Golan se comportent comme des plants plus jeunes eu égard à la levée, le nombre de tiges (tableau 4), la floraison et la tubérisation.

Summary A trial to grow seed potatoes in summer 1968 in the Golan Heights indicated that hardly any aphid transmission of potato virus Y (PVY) could be noticed. Normal plant growth and tuber formation were observed. The incidence of seed borne virus diseases in fields grown from local seed produced in the Golan Heights in 1970 was: PVY 0.1–0.3% in 2 out of 33 inspected fields, potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) 0.3–2% in 19 fields. In 1972 30 fields were inspected, PVY was observed in 3 fields at a level of 0.1–0.2% PLRV at a level of 1–4% in 28 fields. Alfalfa mosaic visus (AMV) and Stolbur were not observed. The result of post-harvest control in field plots planted with seed potatoes produced in the Golan Heights in 1969, 1970 and 1971 were: PVY very low infection, 0.2–0.7%, for the three years; PLRV, low percentage, 0.3–0.7%, in 1970 and 1971, while it increased in 1972 to 1.3–6%. AMV and Stolbur were not observed.

Electronic Resource

1600-0765

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

This paper presents suggested revisions to the American Dental Association's 1985 guidelines for acceptance of anti-gingivitis chemotherapeutic agents. The areas of study design, choice and quality control of clinical gingivitis measurements, statistical analysis, and minimum strength of effect, are addressed. The revisions articulate certain aspects of study design which were implicit in the 1985 guidelines, clarify language on cross-over designs and independence of studies, and recommend use of a United States population in at least one trial supporting a product. Separate recording and analysis of a product's effect on gingival bleeding is proposed, and quality control of clinical measurements receives enhanced emphasis. Modestly elaborated statistical reporting guidelines and strengthened approval criteria, based on size of estimated effect as well as statistical significance, are advocated.

Electronic Resource

0014-5793

Actin ; Cell cycle ; Gene expression ; Tubulin

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource

0309-1651

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Electronic Resource

0097-8485

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

0040-4039

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

0165-4608

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1433-2965

Key words:Densitometry – Forearm bone mineral density – Fractures – Nursing homes – Osteoporosis prevalence

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract: This study describes the prevalence of osteoporosis in a statewide sample of nursing home residents. Composite forearm bone mineral density (BMD) (including the distal radius and the distal ulna) of 1475 residents aged 65 years and older from 34 randomly selected, stratified nursing homes was assessed. BMD was expressed with reference to World Health Organization diagnostic criteria. Trends with age, gender and race were consistent with other populations. However, prevalence estimates were higher than community-based age-specific rates. The prevalence of osteoporosis for white female residents increased from 63.5% for women aged 65–74 years to 85.8% for women over 85 years of age. Only 3% had composite forearm BMD within 1 standard deviation of the young adult mean. The significance of the high prevalence of low BMD in nursing home residents is the increased fracture risk it may confer. In community cohorts of white women, the risk of hip fracture increases approximately 50% for every 1 standard deviation decrease in bone mass. However, the degree to which BMD contributes to fracture risk in this population has not been well established.

Electronic Resource

1433-2965

Key words:BMD – Grip strength – Hip fracture – Muscle mass

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract: Few studies of bone loss have assessed the amount of loss directly after a hip fracture. The present prospective study was conducted to determine changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle mass shortly after fracture and through 1 year to assess short-term loss and related factors. The setting was two acute care teaching hospitals in Baltimore, Maryland, and subjects were 205 community-dwelling women with a new fracture of the proximal femur between 1992 and 1995. Bone density of the nonfractured hip and whole-body and body composition were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at 3 and 10 days and 2, 6 and 12 months after admission. Mean BMD of the femoral neck was 0.546 ± 0.007 g/cm2 at baseline. Average loss of femoral neck BMD from baseline was 2.1% at 2 months, 2.5% at 6 months and 4.6% at 12 months. The average loss of BMD in the intertrochanteric region was 2.1% at 12 months. Total lean body mass decreased by 6% while fat mass increased by 3.6% by 1 year after the fracture. These findings indicate that significant loss in BMD and lean body mass occur shortly after hip fracture while body fat increases. Continued loss was evident throughout the 1 year of follow-up. This loss of both bone density and muscle mass may lead to new fractures.

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] Poly(dG-dC) o poly(dG-dC) undergoes a structural transition in concentrated salt solution3. The transition is accompanied by large changes in circular dichroism3, optical absorbance3 and NMR spectra4, as well as in the rate of proton exchange with solvent5. Since the recent demonstrations that the ...

Electronic Resource

1432-1793

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Abstract Descriptions of the seasonal cycles of abundance of the dominant zooplankters of Yaquina Bay, Oregon, USA, are derived from a 7 year series of net samples taken at two downstream stations. The summer dominants are forms distributed to the north, along the American coast. Winter dominants have sonthern affinities. This cycle is associated with the annual cycle of coastal surface currents: from north to south in summar, reversed in winter. There are no persistent trends in the abundance data from year-to-year.

Electronic Resource

1439-0973

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Zusammenfassung Die Entwicklung der Cephamycin-Antibiotika stellt einen großen Fortschritt in der Beta-Laktam-Chemie dar. Diese Antibiotika-Familie lieferte ein wichtiges Bauelement für die Synthese einer Gruppe von Antibiotika mit außergewöhnlich guter Beta-Laktamase-Festigkeit. Cefoxitin ist das erste klinisch anwendbare halbsynthetische Cephamycin. Umfangreiche In-vitro-Studien zeigen, daß Cefoxitin einen bedeutenden Fortschritt gegenüber den bisher verwendeten Beta-Laktam-Antibiotika aufweist. Es besitzt ein breiteres Wirkungsspektrum als die Cephalosporine und ist außerdem wirksam gegen viele Bakterienarten der indolpositvenProteus-,Serratia- undBacteroides-Gruppen, einschließlichBacteroides fragilis und dessen Arten. Die antimikrobielle Wirksamkeit von Cefoxitin umfaßt auch die BakteriengruppenEscherichia coli undKlebsiella, die gegen Cephalosporine resistent wurden. Das breitere Wirkungsspektrum kann größtenteils der beinahe absoluten Beta-Laktamase-Festigkeit zugeschrieben werden. Cefoxitin wirkt bakterizid, unabhängig von der Größe des Inokulums, und ist metabolisch stabil; es ist damit ein außergewöhnlich zuverlässiges Antibiotikum für den klinischen Gebrauch. Tierversuche mit Cefoxitin zeigten die hervorragende Korrelation zwischen der In-vitro- und In-vivo-Wirksamkeit. Große Wirksamkeit, hohe Sicherheit und Zuverlässigkeit machen Cefoxitin zu einem wertvollen Antibiotikum mit sehr breitem Spektrum.

Summary The discovery of the cephamycin family of antibiotics represents a major advance in beta-lactam chemistry. The family provided an important intermediate for the synthesis of a group of antibiotics with outstandingly good resistance to beta-lactamase. Cefoxitin is the first of these semisynthetic cephamycins to be made available for clinical use. Extensive laboratory studies show that cefoxitin provides a significant advance over currently in use beta-lactam antibiotics. It has a broader spectrum than the cephalosporins and, in addition, is active against many strains of indolepositiveProteus, Serratia spp. andBacteroides spp., includingBacteroides fragilis and all its subspecies. It is active against many strains ofEscherichia coli andKlebsiella that have become resistant to the cephalosporins. The broader spectrum can be accounted for in large measure by cefoxitin's almost complete resistance to a wide range of beta-lactamases. Cefoxitin is bactericidal, is unaffected by inoculum size and is metabolically stable; it is, therefore, a highly reliable antibiotic for usein vivo. Animal experiments have shown the excellent correlation betweenin vitro susceptibility andin vivo efficacy with cefoxitin. Excellent efficacy, safety and reliability of cefoxitin make this antibiotic useful in the treatment of a very broad range of infections.

Electronic Resource

0006-3525

Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Studies have been made of the precipitation of poly-L-glutamic acid from dilute aqueous solutions, over the pH range where the α-helical conformation is maintained. The major purpose is to establish the molecular conformation in the precipitate and to outline the mechanism of the precipitation. Utilizing molecular-weight fractions, it is shown that there are two distinctly different precipitation regions, which depend on temperature, concentration, and pH. In one of these regions, the α-region, a variety of physical properties demonstrate that precipitation occurs without any conformational change. The temperature coefficient of the precipitation process in this region indicates that it is nucleation-controlled.

10 Ill.

Electronic Resource

0006-3525

Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Infrared and X-ray diffraction studies have established that in the β-precipitation region of poly-L-glutamic acid the chains are in the β-conformation. Therefore, a major molecular conformational change has taken place upon precipitation. It is shown that the size of the α-helical aggregates remains constant with time in the β-region. Strong evidence can be offered to indicate that the transformation involves a transitory random-coil intermediate. Reasons are advanced, in view of the stability of the β-form, as to why two distinct precipitation regions exist.

6 Ill.

Electronic Resource

0006-3525

Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

0006-3525

Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

0006-3525

Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Conformational energy calculations using an Empirical Conformational Energy Program for Peptides (ECEPP) were carried out on the N-acetyl-N′-methylamides of Pro-X, where X = Ala, Asn, Asp, Gly, Leu, Phe, Ser, and Val, and of X-Pro, where X = Ala, Asn, Gly, and Pro. The conformational energy was minimized from starting conformations which included all combinations of low-energy single-residue minima and several standard bend structures. It was found that almost all resulting minima are combinations of low-energy single-residue minima, suggesting that intra residue interactions predominate in determining conformation. The calculations also indicate, however, that inter residue interactions can be important. In addition, librational entropy was found to influence the relative stabilities of some minima. Because of the existence of 10-100 low-energy minima for each dipeptide, the normalized statistical weight of an individual minimum rarely exceeds 0.3, suggesting that these dipeptides have considerable conformational flexibility and exist as statistical ensembles of low-energy structures. The propensity of each dipeptide to form bend conformations was calculated, and the results were compared with available experimental data. It was found that bends are favored in Pro-X dipeptides because φPro is fixed by the pyrrolidine ring in a conformation which is frequently found in bends, but that bends are not favored in X-Pro dipeptides because interactions between the X residue and the pyrrolidine ring restrict the X residue to conformations which are not usually found in bends.

5 Ill.

Electronic Resource

0006-3525

Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Conformational energy calculations using an empirical conformational energy program for peptides (ECEPP) were carried out on 17 N-acetyl-N′-methylamides of Ala-X and X-Ala dipeptides, Where X = Ala, Asn, Asp, Gly, Phe, Ser, Tyr, Val, and Pro. Each dipeptide was found to have many low-energly minima, some of which corresponded to bend structures. The stability of bends was found to depend on the amino acid composition and sequence, with the Ala-X dipeptide generally favoring bends more than the X-Ala dipeptide for a particular X. In bends and nonbends alike, intraresidue interactions dominate over interresidue interactions in determining conformational propeties. The calcutions were shown to be in good agreement with available experimental data.

2 Ill.

Electronic Resource