Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:S. Steinberg)

2013-12-20

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Autistic Disorder/*genetics ; Brain/abnormalities/anatomy & histology/metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15/genetics ; Cognition/*physiology ; DNA Copy Number Variations/*genetics ; Dyslexia/genetics ; Female ; Fertility/genetics ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Iceland ; Learning Disorders/genetics ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Phenotype ; Schizophrenia/*genetics ; Young Adult

2012-08-24

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Adult ; Autistic Disorder/epidemiology/etiology/*genetics ; Chromosomes, Human/genetics ; Female ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Humans ; Iceland/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mothers ; *Mutation Rate ; Ovum/metabolism ; *Paternal Age ; Pedigree ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Risk Factors ; Schizophrenia/epidemiology/etiology/*genetics ; Selection, Genetic/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Spermatozoa/metabolism ; Young Adult

2012-07-18

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Aging/*genetics ; Alleles ; Alzheimer Disease/*genetics/pathology/physiopathology/prevention & control ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism ; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases/metabolism ; Cognition/physiology ; Cognition Disorders/*genetics/*physiopathology/prevention & control ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Mutation/*genetics ; Plaque, Amyloid/genetics/metabolism

2018-02-16

The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

1078-0432

1557-3265

Medicine

2018-06-16

The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

1078-0432

1557-3265

Medicine

1365-3040

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

Water transport through a microporous tube-soil-plant system was investigated by measuring the response of soil and plant water status to step change reductions in the water pressure within the tubes. Soybeans were germinated and grown in a porous ceramic ‘soil’ at a porous tube water pressure of –0.5 kPa for 28 d. During this time, the soil matric potential was nearly in equilibrium with tube water pressure. Water pressure in the porous tubes was then reduced to either –1.0, –1.5 or –2.0 kPa. Sap flow rates, leaf conductance and soil, root and leaf water potentials were measured before and after this change. A reduction in porous tube water pressure from –0.5 to –1.0 or –1.5 kPa did not result in any significant change in soil or plant water status. A reduction in porous tube water pressure to –2.0 kPa resulted in significant reductions in sap flow, leaf conductance, and soil, root and leaf water potentials. Hydraulic conductance, calculated as the transpiration rate/ΔΨ between two points in the water transport pathway, was used to analyse water transport through the tube-soil-plant continuum. At porous tube water pressures of –0.5 to –1.5 kPa soil moisture was readily available and hydraulic conductance of the plant limited water transport. At –2.0 kPa, hydraulic conductance of the bulk soil was the dominant factor in water movement.

Electronic Resource

0010-7565

General, Interdisciplinary

0021-9991

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Computer Science

Physics

Electronic Resource

0021-9991

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Computer Science

Physics

Electronic Resource

0021-9991

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Computer Science

Physics

Electronic Resource

0021-9991

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Computer Science

Physics

Electronic Resource

0021-9673

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

0022-2836

computer modeling ; mitochondrial tRNA ; molecular graphics ; tRNA structure ; tRNA^S^e^r

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Electronic Resource

0021-9991

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Computer Science

Physics

Electronic Resource

1435-1803

Rat ; collagen ; developed pressure ; pressure-volume relationships ; extracellular matrix

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Objectives: The impact of acute collagen disruption by the disulfide donor, 5,5′-dithio-2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB) on ventricular properties was tested in rat hearts.Methods: Collagen was degraded acutely in 13 isolated, isovlumically contracting rat hearts by perfusion with 1 mM DTNB added to Krebs-Henseleit solution for 1 hour followed by 2-hour perfusion with normal solution. Another 13 hearts were perfused with normal solution for 3 hours (Control).Results: Collagen content was 3.5±0.5% of ventricular dry weight in control group compared with 2.1±0.4% in DTNB group (decrease by 40%, p〈0.01). Scanning electron micrographs revealed loss of the delicate collagen network surrounding muscle fibers in DTNB treated hearts. Developed pressure at a fixed volume decreased to 86±17% of the baseline value after 3-hour perfusion in the control group, whereas in DTNB treated hearts developed pressure fell to 68±13% (p〈0.01). End-diastolic pressure was set at 5 mmHg at the beginning of the experiment and rose to 15±8 mmHg in control and 30±13 mmHg (p〈0.01) in the treated hearts. Concomitantly, wet-to-dry weight ratio increased from 5.63±0.26 in control to 6.07±0.11 (p〈0.05) in the DTNB treated hearts. A separate set of experiments on isolated myocytes excluded the possibility of a direct effect of DTNB on myocyte contractile function.Conclusions: These data suggested that with 40% collagen disruption by DTNB there is a significant increase in tissue edema that results in a decrease in chamber capacitance; in addition, there is a significant decrease in systolic performance which reflects the combined effect of edema and loss of collagen.

Electronic Resource

1570-7458

Hymenoptera ; Braconidae ; Lepidoptera ; Pieridae ; cabbage ; tritrophic interactions ; semiochemicals ; host-habitat location ; foraging behaviour

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Abstract Upon initiating a research project on the role of volatile infochemicals in the tritrophic system Cotesia (= Apanteles) glomerata (L.)-Pieris brassicae (L.)-cabbage, a bioassay was developed to investigate the response of C. glomerata. The bioassay should be effective in terms of high responsiveness and minimum variability and constructed through a comparative approach. Twenty seven treatments, organized in a factorial randomized block design, compared the effect of three bioassay set-ups (glasshouse flight chamber, wind-tunnel and Y-tube olfactometer), three parasitoid age groups (1–2, 4–5 and 8–9 days old females), three pre-treatment experiences (naive, damage experienced and oviposition experienced wasps) and the day-to-day effect on response of C. glomerata to clean cabbage (CC) and planthost complex (PHC) in a dual choice test. The best results with regard to the strength and consistency of response to the PHC were obtained in the glasshouse flight-chamber by 4–5 days old female wasps with either damage or oviposition experience (94 and 90%, respectively). It is therefore recommended as a suitable bioassay for studying the role of volatile infochemicals in host-habitat location by C. glomerata. A day-to-day variation in response was found in the glasshouse and wind-tunnel. It was correlated with the direction of change in barometric pressure within the time period of the experiment, showing that steadily increasing atmospheric pressure yields a significantly higher response than steadily decreasing or fluctuating barometric flux. To control for the day effect it is suggested to conduct further experiments in a block design, having day as a block. Several aspects of the infochemical ecology of C. glomerata are discussed.

Electronic Resource

1570-7458

Cydia pomonella ; codling moth ; diapause induction ; critical photoperiod ; prediapause temperature

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Abstract The effect of four prediapause temperatures (18, 22, 26 and 30°C) on the photoperiodic response of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), was studied under controlled conditions. The highest rates of diapause were recorded, for all day-lengths, at temperatures of 22 and 26°C while relatively lower rates of diapause were elicited at 18 and 30°C. The same trend was demonstrated by projecting the values of the critical photoperiod which induces 50% diapause (=CPhP50) over the prediapause temperature. The change in diapause incidence as a function of photoperiod, at all prediapause temperatures, exhibited a response characteristic of long-day insects, i.e. high rates of diapause at short days (12–13.5 h) and a decrease in diapause incidence at long days (14–15 h). The results for temperatures 22, 26 and 30°C support the view that lower prediapause temperatures enhance diapause induction, at a give photoperiod, while higher temperatures tend to avert or diminish the process. On the other hand, the low rates of diapause obtained at 18°C contradict this view. Nevertheless, high correlation was found between the laboratory evidence and field data, indicating the adaptability of the Israeli codling moth to subtropical climate.

Electronic Resource

1570-7458

Cydia pomonella ; codling moth ; diapause induction ; photoperiod ; larval diet

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Abstract The effect of larval diet on diapause induction in the Israeli strain of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), was studied in a field trial using intact apple fruits of two varieties: ‘Ana’ (early-ripening, in the end of June) and ‘Granny Smith’ (late-ripening, in October). Diapause incidence increased as fruit age (determined as days from fruit-set) progressed. These results corroborate former studies on other strains of the codling moth, where excised fruits were used. The combination of 80-day-old, fully ripe, ‘Ana’ fruit treatment with the longest days of the year, yielded 38% diapause. This result demonstrates that mature fruit (inducing diapause) cannot completely override the effect of long day (averting diapause), but does confirm that larval diet modifies the photoperiodic induction of diapause in the codling moth.

Electronic Resource

1432-0851

TIL ; Melanoma ; Histopathology ; Imaging ; Lymphocytic infiltrate

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from a wide range of human and murine tumors can be expanded in vitro using interleukin-2 (IL-2). These TIL are cytolytic T lymphocytes with in vivo and in vitro antitumor activity in mice and in humans. TIL from human melanoma can recognize autologous tumor in an MHC-restricted fashion, localize in vivo after111In labeling, and mediate regression of large metastatic deposits. Although studied extensively in vitro, less is known in vivo about TIL activity associated with tumor regression. This study was undertaken, in association with a study of TIL localization, to investigate mechanisms of TIL action by evaluating histopathological changes that occur at the tumor site during TIL administration. A total of 106 pre- and post-treatment pathological specimens from 25 patients enrolled in phase II TIL treatment and111In-TIL imaging protocols were examined blindly by a single pathologist. Histological subtype, lymphocytic infiltration, melanin content, vascularity, and necrosis were documented for each tumor specimen. Average baseline and post-treatment parameters were compared. Any significant changes were evaluated for correlation with clinical response and111In-TIL localization to tumor. Melanin content and vascularity of the tumor did not change as a result of therapy or correlate with either response or TIL localization. However, both increased lymphocytic infiltration and tumor necrosis were present after TIL administration (P=0.044 and 0.032 respectively). Furthermore, increases in lymphocytic infiltration correlated with tumor imaging using111In-TIL, and with the percentage of111In-labeled injectate present per gram of tumor specimen (P=0.036 and 0.0041 respectively). This suggests that TIL either account for the increased lymphocytes directly, or localize to tumor and recruit endogenous lymphocytes. We were unable to demonstrate any pretreatment histopathological predictors of response or variables that significantly correlated with subsequent clinical response, although peak and average values of necrosis were higher in responding patients compared to non-responding patients.

Electronic Resource

1432-0851

Key words: TIL – Melanoma – Histopathology – Imaging – Lymphocytic infiltrate

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from a wide range of human and murine tumors can be expanded in vitro using interleukin-2 (IL-2). These TIL are cytolytic T lymphocytes with in vivo and in vitro antitumor activity in mice and in humans. TIL from human melanoma can recognize autologous tumor in an MHC-restricted fashion, localize in vivo after 111In 2labeling, and mediate regression of large metastatic deposits. Although studied extensively in vitro, less is known in vivo about TIL activity associated with tumor regression. This study was undertaken, in association with a study of TIL localization, to investigate mechanisms of TIL action by evaluating histopathological changes that occur at the tumor site during TIL administration. A total of 106 pre- and post-treatment pathological specimens from 25 patients enrolled in phase II TIL treatment and 111In-TIL imaging protocols were examined blindly by a single pathologist. Histological subtype, lymphocytic infiltration, melanin content, vascularity, and necrosis were documented for each tumor specimen. Average baseline and post-treatment parameters were compared. Any significant changes were evaluated for correlation with clinical response and 111In-TIL localization to tumor. Melanin content and vascularity of the tumor did not change as a result of therapy or correlate with either response or TIL localization. However, both increased lymphocytic infiltration and tumor necrosis were present after TIL administration (P = 0.044 and 0.032 respectively). Furthermore, increases in lymphocytic infiltration correlated with tumor imaging using 111In-TIL, and with the percentage of 111In-labeled injectate present per gram of tumor specimen (P = 0.036 and 0.0041 respectively). This suggests that TIL either account for the increased lymphocytes directly, or localize to tumor and recruit endogenous lymphocytes. We were unable to demonstrate any pretreatment histopathological predictors of response or variables that significantly correlated with subsequent clinical response, although peak and average values of necrosis were higher in responding patients compared to non-responding patients.

Electronic Resource