Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:S. Ray)

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  1. 1
    S. Ray, S. Sinha, and K. Sengupta
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Published 2018
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-11-28
    Publisher:
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Print ISSN:
    1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN:
    1094-1622
    Topics:
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Published by:
    http://www.aps.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  2. 2
    O'Neil, Harold F. ; Perez, Ray S.
    Mahwah : Lawrence Erlbaum
    Published 2002
    Staff View Availability
    Person(s):
    O'Neil, Harold F.; Perez, Ray S.
    Type of Medium:
    Unknown
    Pages:
    400 S.
    ISBN:
    0805836497
    Language:
    German
    Recall This

    Printed Books
  3. 3
    S. Ray, A. Ghosh, and S. Sinha
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Published 2018
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-01-04
    Publisher:
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Print ISSN:
    1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN:
    1550-2376
    Topics:
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Statistical Physics
    Published by:
    http://www.aps.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  4. 4
    Liu, D., Qin, S., Ray, B., Kalari, K. R., Wang, L., Weinshilboum, R. M.
    The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET)
    Published 2018
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-08-14
    Publisher:
    The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET)
    Print ISSN:
    0090-9556
    Electronic ISSN:
    1521-009X
    Topics:
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Medicine
    Published by:
    http://www.aspet.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  5. 5
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-07-18
    Publisher:
    The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
    Print ISSN:
    0022-538X
    Electronic ISSN:
    1098-5514
    Topics:
    Medicine
    Published by:
    http://www.asm.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  6. 6
    T. K. Warren ; R. Jordan ; M. K. Lo ; A. S. Ray ; R. L. Mackman ; V. Soloveva ; D. Siegel ; M. Perron ; R. Bannister ; H. C. Hui ; N. Larson ; R. Strickley ; J. Wells ; K. S. Stuthman ; S. A. Van Tongeren ; N. L. Garza ; G. Donnelly ; A. C. Shurtleff ; C. J. Retterer ; D. Gharaibeh ; R. Zamani ; T. Kenny ; B. P. Eaton ; E. Grimes ; L. S. Welch ; L. Gomba ; C. L. Wilhelmsen ; D. K. Nichols ; J. E. Nuss ; E. R. Nagle ; J. R. Kugelman ; G. Palacios ; E. Doerffler ; S. Neville ; E. Carra ; M. O. Clarke ; L. Zhang ; W. Lew ; B. Ross ; Q. Wang ; K. Chun ; L. Wolfe ; D. Babusis ; Y. Park ; K. M. Stray ; I. Trancheva ; J. Y. Feng ; O. Barauskas ; Y. Xu ; P. Wong ; M. R. Braun ; M. Flint ; L. K. McMullan ; S. S. Chen ; R. Fearns ; S. Swaminathan ; D. L. Mayers ; C. F. Spiropoulou ; W. A. Lee ; S. T. Nichol ; T. Cihlar ; S. Bavari
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Published 2016
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2016-03-05
    Publisher:
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Print ISSN:
    0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN:
    1476-4687
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Alanine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Ebolavirus/drug effects ; Female ; HeLa Cells ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/*drug therapy/prevention & control ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta/*virology ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Organ Specificity ; Prodrugs/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Ribonucleotides/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
    Published by:
    http://www.nature.com/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  7. 7
    A. A. Abdo ; M. Ackermann ; M. Ajello ; A. Allafort ; L. Baldini ; J. Ballet ; G. Barbiellini ; D. Bastieri ; K. Bechtol ; R. Bellazzini ; B. Berenji ; R. D. Blandford ; E. D. Bloom ; E. Bonamente ; A. W. Borgland ; A. Bouvier ; T. J. Brandt ; J. Bregeon ; A. Brez ; M. Brigida ; P. Bruel ; R. Buehler ; S. Buson ; G. A. Caliandro ; R. A. Cameron ; A. Cannon ; P. A. Caraveo ; J. M. Casandjian ; O. Celik ; E. Charles ; A. Chekhtman ; C. C. Cheung ; J. Chiang ; S. Ciprini ; R. Claus ; J. Cohen-Tanugi ; L. Costamante ; S. Cutini ; F. D'Ammando ; C. D. Dermer ; A. de Angelis ; A. de Luca ; F. de Palma ; S. W. Digel ; E. do Couto e Silva ; P. S. Drell ; A. Drlica-Wagner ; R. Dubois ; D. Dumora ; C. Favuzzi ; S. J. Fegan ; E. C. Ferrara ; W. B. Focke ; P. Fortin ; M. Frailis ; Y. Fukazawa ; S. Funk ; P. Fusco ; F. Gargano ; D. Gasparrini ; N. Gehrels ; S. Germani ; N. Giglietto ; F. Giordano ; M. Giroletti ; T. Glanzman ; G. Godfrey ; I. A. Grenier ; M. H. Grondin ; J. E. Grove ; S. Guiriec ; D. Hadasch ; Y. Hanabata ; A. K. Harding ; K. Hayashi ; M. Hayashida ; E. Hays ; D. Horan ; R. Itoh ; G. Johannesson ; A. S. Johnson ; T. J. Johnson ; D. Khangulyan ; T. Kamae ; H. Katagiri ; J. Kataoka ; M. Kerr ; J. Knodlseder ; M. Kuss ; J. Lande ; L. Latronico ; S. H. Lee ; M. Lemoine-Goumard ; F. Longo ; F. Loparco ; P. Lubrano ; G. M. Madejski ; A. Makeev ; M. Marelli ; M. N. Mazziotta ; J. E. McEnery ; P. F. Michelson ; W. Mitthumsiri ; T. Mizuno ; A. A. Moiseev ; C. Monte ; M. E. Monzani ; A. Morselli ; I. V. Moskalenko ; S. Murgia ; T. Nakamori ; M. Naumann-Godo ; P. L. Nolan ; J. P. Norris ; E. Nuss ; T. Ohsugi ; A. Okumura ; N. Omodei ; J. F. Ormes ; M. Ozaki ; D. Paneque ; D. Parent ; V. Pelassa ; M. Pepe ; M. Pesce-Rollins ; M. Pierbattista ; F. Piron ; T. A. Porter ; S. Raino ; R. Rando ; P. S. Ray ; M. Razzano ; A. Reimer ; O. Reimer ; T. Reposeur ; S. Ritz ; R. W. Romani ; H. F. Sadrozinski ; D. Sanchez ; P. M. Saz Parkinson ; J. D. Scargle ; T. L. Schalk ; C. Sgro ; E. J. Siskind ; P. D. Smith ; G. Spandre ; P. Spinelli ; M. S. Strickman ; D. J. Suson ; H. Takahashi ; T. Takahashi ; T. Tanaka ; J. B. Thayer ; D. J. Thompson ; L. Tibaldo ; D. F. Torres ; G. Tosti ; A. Tramacere ; E. Troja ; Y. Uchiyama ; J. Vandenbroucke ; V. Vasileiou ; G. Vianello ; V. Vitale ; P. Wang ; K. S. Wood ; Z. Yang ; M. Ziegler
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Published 2011
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2011-01-08
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  8. 8
    R. S. Ray ; A. E. Corcoran ; R. D. Brust ; J. C. Kim ; G. B. Richerson ; E. Nattie ; S. M. Dymecki
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Published 2011
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2011-07-30
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Acidosis/physiopathology ; Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; *Body Temperature Regulation ; Brain Stem/cytology ; Carbon Dioxide/blood ; Chemoreceptor Cells/*physiology ; Clozapine/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism/pharmacology ; G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ligands ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Models, Neurological ; *Neural Inhibition ; Neurons/*physiology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics/metabolism ; *Respiration ; Serotonin/*physiology
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  9. 9
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-01-20
    Publisher:
    The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET)
    Print ISSN:
    0090-9556
    Electronic ISSN:
    1521-009X
    Topics:
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Medicine
    Published by:
    http://www.aspet.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  10. 10
    S. Srivastava ; V. Ozdemir ; S. Ray ; J. R. Panga ; S. Noronha ; B. Nair ; S. Diwakar
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Published 2013
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2013-09-21
    Publisher:
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Print ISSN:
    0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN:
    1476-4687
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Computer-Assisted Instruction/*statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Education, Distance/*statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Humans ; Internet/*utilization ; *Learning ; Science/*education ; Students/*psychology
    Published by:
    http://www.nature.com/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  11. 11
    H. J. Pletsch ; L. Guillemot ; H. Fehrmann ; B. Allen ; M. Kramer ; C. Aulbert ; M. Ackermann ; M. Ajello ; A. de Angelis ; W. B. Atwood ; L. Baldini ; J. Ballet ; G. Barbiellini ; D. Bastieri ; K. Bechtol ; R. Bellazzini ; A. W. Borgland ; E. Bottacini ; T. J. Brandt ; J. Bregeon ; M. Brigida ; P. Bruel ; R. Buehler ; S. Buson ; G. A. Caliandro ; R. A. Cameron ; P. A. Caraveo ; J. M. Casandjian ; C. Cecchi ; O. Celik ; E. Charles ; R. C. Chaves ; C. C. Cheung ; J. Chiang ; S. Ciprini ; R. Claus ; J. Cohen-Tanugi ; J. Conrad ; S. Cutini ; F. D'Ammando ; C. D. Dermer ; S. W. Digel ; P. S. Drell ; A. Drlica-Wagner ; R. Dubois ; D. Dumora ; C. Favuzzi ; E. C. Ferrara ; A. Franckowiak ; Y. Fukazawa ; P. Fusco ; F. Gargano ; N. Gehrels ; S. Germani ; N. Giglietto ; F. Giordano ; M. Giroletti ; G. Godfrey ; I. A. Grenier ; M. H. Grondin ; J. E. Grove ; S. Guiriec ; D. Hadasch ; Y. Hanabata ; A. K. Harding ; P. R. den Hartog ; M. Hayashida ; E. Hays ; A. B. Hill ; X. Hou ; R. E. Hughes ; G. Johannesson ; M. S. Jackson ; T. Jogler ; A. S. Johnson ; W. N. Johnson ; J. Kataoka ; M. Kerr ; J. Knodlseder ; M. Kuss ; J. Lande ; S. Larsson ; L. Latronico ; M. Lemoine-Goumard ; F. Longo ; F. Loparco ; M. N. Lovellette ; P. Lubrano ; F. Massaro ; M. Mayer ; M. N. Mazziotta ; J. E. McEnery ; J. Mehault ; P. F. Michelson ; W. Mitthumsiri ; T. Mizuno ; M. E. Monzani ; A. Morselli ; I. V. Moskalenko ; S. Murgia ; T. Nakamori ; R. Nemmen ; E. Nuss ; M. Ohno ; T. Ohsugi ; N. Omodei ; M. Orienti ; E. Orlando ; F. de Palma ; D. Paneque ; J. S. Perkins ; F. Piron ; G. Pivato ; T. A. Porter ; S. Raino ; R. Rando ; P. S. Ray ; M. Razzano ; A. Reimer ; O. Reimer ; T. Reposeur ; S. Ritz ; R. W. Romani ; C. Romoli ; D. A. Sanchez ; P. M. Saz Parkinson ; A. Schulz ; C. Sgro ; E. do Couto e Silva ; E. J. Siskind ; D. A. Smith ; G. Spandre ; P. Spinelli ; D. J. Suson ; H. Takahashi ; T. Tanaka ; J. B. Thayer ; J. G. Thayer ; D. J. Thompson ; L. Tibaldo ; M. Tinivella ; E. Troja ; T. L. Usher ; J. Vandenbroucke ; V. Vasileiou ; G. Vianello ; V. Vitale ; A. P. Waite ; B. L. Winer ; K. S. Wood ; M. Wood ; Z. Yang ; S. Zimmer
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Published 2012
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2012-11-01
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  12. 12
    E. Tran ; M. Ahmadzadeh ; Y. C. Lu ; A. Gros ; S. Turcotte ; P. F. Robbins ; J. J. Gartner ; Z. Zheng ; Y. F. Li ; S. Ray ; J. R. Wunderlich ; R. P. Somerville ; S. A. Rosenberg
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Published 2015
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2015-11-01
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Adult ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/*genetics/*immunology/therapy ; HLA-C Antigens/genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Immunodominant Epitopes/genetics/immunology ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Precision Medicine/methods ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology ; ras Proteins/genetics/immunology
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  13. 13
    T. C. Appleby ; J. K. Perry ; E. Murakami ; O. Barauskas ; J. Feng ; A. Cho ; D. Fox, 3rd ; D. R. Wetmore ; M. E. McGrath ; A. S. Ray ; M. J. Sofia ; S. Swaminathan ; T. E. Edwards
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Published 2015
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2015-02-14
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Amino Acid Sequence ; Catalytic Domain ; Conserved Sequence ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Hepacivirus/enzymology/genetics/*physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; RNA Replicase/*chemistry ; RNA, Viral/*biosynthesis ; Ribonucleotides/*chemistry ; Sofosbuvir ; Uridine Monophosphate/analogs & derivatives/chemistry ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/*chemistry ; *Virus Replication
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  14. 14
    S. Ray ; R. Naumann ; A. Burgalossi ; Q. Tang ; H. Schmidt ; M. Brecht
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Published 2014
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2014-01-25
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Acetylcholine/metabolism ; Animals ; Calbindins/analysis/metabolism ; Dendrites/physiology ; Dentate Gyrus/physiology ; Entorhinal Cortex/*cytology/metabolism/physiology ; Female ; Male ; *Nerve Net ; Pyramidal Cells/metabolism/*physiology/*ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Staining and Labeling ; *Theta Rhythm
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  15. 15
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2012-07-20
    Publisher:
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Print ISSN:
    0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN:
    1476-4687
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Adipokines ; Animals ; Aorta/pathology ; Arrestins/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiomegaly/*metabolism/pathology/physiopathology/prevention & control ; Female ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/metabolism ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and ; Proteins/deficiency/genetics/metabolism/pharmacology ; Male ; Mechanoreceptors/metabolism ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular/drug effects/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects/pathology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction/drug effects
    Published by:
    http://www.nature.com/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  16. 16
    IACOBELLI, JOHN L. ; SCHULTZ, S. RAY

    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Published 1979
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1468-2257
    Source:
    Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics:
    Geography
    Economics
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2257.1979.tb00862.x

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  17. 17
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    0040-4039
    Source:
    Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics:
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040-4039(00)87614-5

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  18. 18
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1573-4846
    Keywords:
    silica glass ; monolith ; sub-critical drying ; chlorination ; sintering
    Source:
    Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics:
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes:
    Abstract Over the last few years, the feasibility of fabricating near net shape silica glass components, using a sub-critical drying process for pure alkoxide gels, has been demonstrated in our laboratories. Cracking during drying, due to capillary forces generated in the gel body, was overcome through two particular innovations. The first was the development and optimization of a dual-catalyzed high strength gel. The second was a controlled atmosphere drying process that allowed the gel to dry utilizing a newly observed phenomenology, postulated to be due to cavitation of the pore fluid. Contrary to conventional wisdom, in this drying approach the smallest pore size gels are the easiest to dry. Details of the types of gels and the drying process are reported. Gels of small size were sintered into crack-free glasses, utilizing conventional sintering approaches. However, large size gels always developed visible surface cracks that formed above 800°C. To successfully dry and sinter large monolithic gels then required re-optimization of the entire process. A great number of micron-range defects were initially detected in these sintered bodies. After analyzing the defects, further steps were taken to improve glass quality to the level of optical glass produced by vapor deposition processes. This included mixing and filtering of sols in a clean room, varying the pore size distribution, and optimizing the pre-sintering and sintering processes. Data of relevant glass quality parameters attained so far in the laboratory are reported.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02436872

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  19. 19
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1573-4846
    Keywords:
    sol-gel coating ; AR coating ; optical coating ; optical thin film ; anti-reflection
    Source:
    Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics:
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes:
    Abstract Traditionally, various vacuum-based processes have been used for producing interference-type anti-reflection (AR) coatings on large area substrates for different commercial applications. In this paper, the development of sol-gel derived AR coating on large plastic substrates for display application is presented. The sol-gel dip coating process was used to deposit thin films on large size plastic panels. By developing sols with different refractive indices, multi-layer thin-film AR coating stacks were designed and fabricated. These coatings possess good uniformity and meet stringent automotive specifications. This technology has been commercialized successfully for dashboard instrument panel application in Toyota's new hybrid engine car, named Prius. In this paper, AR coatings prepared by the sol-gel process are reviewed. The basic design concept for an AR coating, the coating preparation procedure, and important parameters of the solution coating process are discussed. Optical constants of the coating materials were characterized by using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Optical, mechanical and environmental tests were performed on the sol-gel derived AR coating stack. The sol-gel derived AR coating possesses equivalent or superior properties when compared to the major commercially available AR coating products.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008714205813

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  20. 20
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1573-4846
    Keywords:
    sol-gel ; drying ; alkoxides ; xerogel
    Source:
    Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics:
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes:
    Abstract The process of drying of a porous material as per the current phenomenological theory can be divided into two stages. At first the body shrinks by an amount equal to the volume of liquid that evaporates, and the liquid-vapor interface remains at the exterior surface of the body. The second stage begins when the body becomes too stiff to shrink and the liquid recedes into the interior, leaving air filled pores near the surface. We shall refer to this phenomenology as the drying front model. In our investigation of drying of alkoxide silica gels of less than 50 Angstroms pore radius, we have observed a different drying pattern, in which even after the gel body stops shrinking, drying continues to occur by evaporation on the exterior surface of the gel body, causing spontaneous nucleation of partially or fully dried opaque clusters, randomly distributed in the interior parts of the gel. These clusters than increase in number and size till they coalesce to form an opaque body. Upon further drying, the gel returns to its transparent form. We postulate that this is possible only if the rate of fluid flow in the pores by diffusion is faster than that by Darcy's flow, as well as the evaporation rate at the surface of the gel body. We shall refer to this as the cluster drying model. We shall present results of pin-hole drying experiments on cylindrical alkoxide gels showing that for identical gels the evaporation rate can be increased to change the phenomenology from cluster drying to one that exhibits both phenomenology simultaneously and finally to that of the drying front phenomenology. We shall also show the effect of gel pore size distribution on the phenomenology of drying under identical drying conditions. Finally, we will present evidence that for successful drying of large cylindrical alkoxide gels, drying conditions favoring cluster drying phenomenology is desirable.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00486366

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses