Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:S. Preston)

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  1. 1
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2016-04-23
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Animals ; Gastrointestinal Tract/immunology ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Regulator/genetics/*physiology ; Immunologic Memory/*genetics ; Kidney/immunology ; Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology ; Liver/immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Natural Killer T-Cells/*immunology ; Skin/immunology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Up-Regulation
    Published by:
    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  2. 2
    Arjang Shahriari, Preston S. Wilson, and Vaibhav Bahadur
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Published 2018
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-07-13
    Publisher:
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Print ISSN:
    1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN:
    1550-2376
    Topics:
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Fluid Dynamics
    Published by:
    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  3. 3
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1089-7674
    Source:
    AIP Digital Archive
    Topics:
    Physics
    Notes:
    The fast ignitor scheme for inertial confinement fusion requires forward driving of the critical density surface by light pressure (hole boring) to allow energy deposition close to the dense fuel. The recession velocity of the critical density surface has been observed to be v/c=0.015 at an irradiance of 1.0×1019 W cm−2 at a wavelength of 1.05 micron, in quantitative agreement with modeling. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  4. 4
    Tye, A. M. ; Young, S. ; Crout, N. M. J. ; Zhang, H. ; Preston, S. ; Zhao, F. J. ; McGrath, S. P.

    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd/Inc.
    Published 2004
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1365-2389
    Source:
    Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics:
    Geosciences
    Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes:
    A long-term incubation experiment was established to assess the solid ⇅ solution equilibria of (Cu2+), (Pb2+) and (Ni2+) in soil pore water. The experiment comprised 23 soils spiked with 135, 300 and 75 mg kg−1 of Cu, Pb and Ni, respectively, added as nitrate salts in solution. Samples of soil pore water were extracted several times during the incubation period of 818 days and concentrations of Cu, Pb, Ni, dissolved organic carbon and major cations and anions were measured. Similar measurements were carried out on a smaller selection of historically contaminated soils to extend the range of data and assess compatibility of the measurements with the incubated soils. The chemical speciation program ‘WHAM VI’ was used to speciate metal ions in solution. A pH-dependent Freundlich equation was used to describe free ion activities, p(M2+), for Cu, Pb and Ni using total adsorbed metal, soil pH, soil organic carbon content and ionic strength as determining variables. For all three metals the greatest improvements in model fit were found when metal ions were assumed to be adsorbed exclusively on soil organic carbon rather than on the ‘whole soil’. Further improvements in the description of p(Cu2+) and p(Ni2+) were found when the ionic strength of the soil pore water was included within the model formulation. Residual standard deviations (–log10(M2+) units) for the best-fit models were 0.36, 0.53 and 0.29 for p(Cu2+), p(Pb2+) and p(Ni2+), respectively. The effects of progressive fixation of Pb, Cu and Ni on model parameterization, during the course of the experiment, were found to be small. Independent datasets from both published and unpublished sources were used to compare experimental protocols and validate the model for the determination of (M2+) in soil pore water.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  5. 5
    PRESTON, S. ; GRIFFITHS, B.S. ; YOUNG, I.M.

    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Published 1997
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1365-2389
    Source:
    Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics:
    Geosciences
    Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes:
    Fractal dimensions were used to quantify the complex geometry of soil cracking patterns. Two fractal dimensions were measured to provide an adequate description of soil cracks: the mass fractal dimension, DM (which provides a measure of crack heterogeneity) and the spectral dimension, d (which provides a measure of crack connectivity). The cracking patterns generated by four soils were compared and related to their textural characteristics. As the clay content of the soil increased (6·1%–24·3%), so did DM (1·29–1·43), and d (1·03–1·33). Correlations indicated that there was a significant (P 〈 0·01) linear relation between the soil's clay content and the DM and d of cracks, the correlation coefficients obtained being equal to 0·965 and 0·840, respectively. Significant correlations (P 〈 0·01) were also observed between structural stability indices of the soil and the fractal dimensions of its cracks, increases in the stability of the soil, particularly of the clay fraction, being associated with cracks with greater fractal dimensions.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  6. 6
    Chambers, D. M. ; Preston, S. G. ; Zepf, M. ; Castro-Colin, M. ; Key, M. H. ; Wark, J. S.

    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Published 1997
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1089-7550
    Source:
    AIP Digital Archive
    Topics:
    Physics
    Notes:
    We present images of the source of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) harmonic emission at a wavelength of 220 Å from the interaction of a 20 TW, 1.053 μm Nd:glass laser beam focused to intensities up to 4×1018 W cm−2 onto a solid target. From these measurements we determine an upper limit to the source size and brightness of the harmonic emission to show its efficacy as a novel source of short-pulse, coherent XUV radiation. We also demonstrate the empirical scaling of the harmonic generation efficiency with irradiance up to 1019 W μm2 cm−2, and extrapolate to estimate the possible source brightness at higher irradiances. These source brightnesses are compared to those available from an x-ray laser system. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  7. 7
    Kim, N. S. ; Djaoui, A. ; Key, M. H. ; Neely, D. ; Preston, S. G. ; Zepf, M. ; Smith, C. G. ; Wark, J. S. ; Zhang, J. ; Offenberger, A. A.

    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Published 1996
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1077-3118
    Source:
    AIP Digital Archive
    Topics:
    Physics
    Notes:
    Recently using KrF high power laser (248 nm; 350 fs; 5.0×1016 W/cm2) in the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory an experimental search for recombination extreme ultraviolet (XUV) laser action in Li-like nitrogen ions was performed. To understand the experimental results of line emission at 24.7 nm in the 3d5/2–2p3/2 transition of the Li-like nitrogen ion a simulation was undertaken using a one-dimensional Lagrangian hydrodynamic code. From the simulation results, we confirmed that there was nonlinear dependence of spectral line emission on the gas density which was well matched to the experimental results. Only a six times increase of the 24.7 nm emission intensity was obtained when the plasma length was increased 1000 times from 1 μm as an optically thin case to 1 mm. Also, the spatial profile of the electron density and temperature was obtained and the electron temperature was about 40–50 eV which was too high for the optical field ionization x-ray lasing. We could not find evidence of x-ray laser gain. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  8. 8
    Boonham, N. ; Walsh, K. ; Hims, M. ; Preston, S. ; North, J. ; Barker, I.

    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Published 2002
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1365-3059
    Source:
    Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics:
    Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes:
    The biological and molecular relationships between a large number of Potato virus Y (PVY) isolates were examined, concentrating mainly on isolates associated with potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease (PTNRD). Following detailed analysis of the coat-protein gene, four main groups were identified which broadly corresponded to the phenotype of the different isolates. The groups comprised the ordinary strain (PVYO), the necrotic strain (PVYN), the C strain (PVYC) and a group of recombinant (between ordinary and necrotic) isolates. In the latter group, all members were associated with PTNRD. However, four nonrecombinant isolates were also identified which were associated with PTNRD or tuber necrosis. Three were from tubers showing PTNRD symptoms in the field, while the fourth originated from symptomless tubers, but could cause necrotic rings on tubers under glasshouse conditions. The results show that although coat-protein recombination is always found associated with the PTNRD phenotype, some nonrecombinant isolates have very similar biological properties.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  9. 9
    PRESTON, S. TOLVER

    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Published 1879
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1476-4687
    Source:
    Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Notes:
    [Auszug] MY attention has been called to an ambiguous phrase in my recent paper1 on the above subject (NATURE, vol. xix. p. 460) which it is necessary to rectify. On page 461 is the sentence “Let us suppose now the excessive temperature to fall, or, in other words, the total energy to ...
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  10. 10
    PRESTON, S. TOLVER

    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Published 1878
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1476-4687
    Source:
    Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Notes:
    [Auszug] 1. IT is an admitted fact that the age of the sun's heat will not harmonise with the evidence of geology, on the supposition that the heat was solely derived from the approach of matter under the action of gravity. Dr. James Croll, in dealing with, this question in a recent number of ...
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  11. 11
    PRESTON, S. TOLVER

    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Published 1883
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1476-4687
    Source:
    Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Notes:
    [Auszug] IN NATURE, vol. xxvii. pp. 304, 328, is a reprint of a lecture delivered by Dr. Oliver Lodge in December 28, 1882, at the London Institution, on “The Ether and its Functions.” As this happens to be a subject to which I have devoted special attention, I would beg to offer a few remarks, also as ...
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  12. 12
    PRESTON, S. TOLVER

    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Published 1880
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1476-4687
    Source:
    Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Notes:
    [Auszug] WITHOUT wishing at all to underrate the apparent difficulty noticed by your New Zealand correspondent, Mr. J. W. Frank-land (NATURE, vol. xxii. p. 317) in regard to my paper under the above heading (NATURE, vol. xxi. p. 256), as it would be against the interests of truth to do so; I may ...
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  13. 13
    PRESTON, S. TOLVER

    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Published 1878
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1476-4687
    Source:
    Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Notes:
    [Auszug] IT is known that there is physical evidence of an absence of atmosphere in the moon. It would appear reasonable to conclude that the moon at one time had an atmosphere; for, according to the generally-accepted principles of Laplace, which make the sun and members of the solar system to have a ...
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  14. 14
    Preston, S. ; Dalgarno, A.

    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    0009-2614
    Source:
    Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics:
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Physics
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  15. 15
    Friedman, R. ; Preston, S. ; Dalgarno, A.

    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    0009-2614
    Source:
    Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics:
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Physics
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  16. 16
    Preston, S. ; Johnson, G.W.

    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    0304-8853
    Source:
    Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics:
    Physics
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  17. 17
    Berl, V. ; Helmchen, G. ; Preston, S.

    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    0040-4039
    Source:
    Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics:
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  18. 18
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1572-817X
    Source:
    Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics:
    Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Physics
    Notes:
    Abstract Recent progress in the development of XUV lasers by research teams using high-power and ultrashort-pulse Nd: glass and KrF laser facilities at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory is reviewed. Injector-amplifier operation and prepulse enhanced output of the Ge XXIII collisional laser driven by a kilojoule glass laser, enhanced gain in CVI recombination with picosecond CPA drive pulses from a glass laser, and optical field ionization and XUV harmonic generation with a KrF CPA laser are described.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  19. 19
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1432-1432
    Keywords:
    Tubulin:tyrosine ligase ; Microtubules ; Cytoskeleton ; Tubulin post-translational modification
    Source:
    Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics:
    Biology
    Notes:
    Summary The post-translational addition of tyrosine toa-tubulin, catalyzed by tubulin:tyrosine ligase, has been previously reported in mammals and birds. The present study demonstrated that significant ligase activity was present in representative organisms from several other major vertebrate classes (chondrichthyes through reptiles) and that both substrate and enzyme from all vertebrates investigated were compatible with mammalian ligase and tubulin in the tyrosination reaction. None of the invertebrate tissues examined showed incorporation of tyrosine, phenylalanine or dihydroxyphenylalanine intoa tubulin under conditions allowing significant incorporation of these compounds in vertebrate supernatant samples. The failure of invertebrate tubulin to incorporate tyrosine in vitro did not appear to be due to saturation of the carboxyl terminal position with tyrosine or the presence of a soluble inhibitor of ligase activity. Although tubulin amino acid composition has been highly conserved throughout evolution, a major evolutionary divergence is described based upon biochemical differences whereby invertebrate tubulin cannot be tyrosinated or posttranslationally modified with phenylalanine or dihydroxyphenylalanine under conditions suitable for the incorporation of these compounds by vertebratea tubulin.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  20. 20
    Gardner, P.J. ; Pang, P. ; Preston, S.

    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    0040-6031
    Source:
    Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics:
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    Articles: DFG German National Licenses