Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:S. P. Lerner)

2014-12-04

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology/pharmacology ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Celecoxib ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Dinoprostone/*antagonists & inhibitors/immunology/metabolism/secretion ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/*drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/*drug effects/metabolism/*pathology ; Pyrazoles/pharmacology ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Sulfonamides/pharmacology ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*pathology ; Wound Healing/genetics ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

1744-313X

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

Medicine

Genetic influences on female reproductive cycles were analysed in histocompatibilitycongenic strains of mice. Oestrous cycles of young, virgin mice of inbred-congenic strains, hybrid crosses (F1, and parental-hybrid backcrosses (F2) were monitored for 3 months. Oestrous cycles were categorized by length (inter-oestrous interval): 4,5,6, or 7–14 days. Mice with the following H-2 haplotypes had a greater proportion of 5-day oestrous cycles: H-2b, H-2r, H-2h2, H-2h4, and H-2i5. In contrast, the H-2k and H-2d haplotypes had mostly 4-day oestrous cycles. Influences of H-2 haplotype were seen on two genetic backgrounds, C57BL/10Sn and C3H. Non-H-2 alleles were also implied by different patterns of cycles between strains with the same H-2b haplotype: C57BL/10Sn with predominantly 5-day cycles vs. C57BL/6J with a mix of 4- and 5-day cycles.The genetic basis for strain differences was investigation in F1 hybrids and their backcrosses. F1 hybrids of an H-2b (C57BL/10Sn; 5-day cycles) and an H-2k (B10.BR; 4-day cycles) strain had mostly 5-day cycles, indicating dominance of an H-2b allele(s). However, F1 hybrids from the reciprocal B6 × B10 cross (both H-2b) also display a preponderance of 5-day cycles, indicating dominance of a non-H-2 autosomal allele from the C57BL/10Sn strain. Among F2 mice, a ‘4-day’ phenotype segregated with homozygosity for the k haplotype (P 〈 0.05, χ2). These findings demonstrate the influence of genetic differences at the major histocompatibility complex on oestrous cycles.

Electronic Resource

1433-8726

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Neoplasia is the result of cumulative genetic damage. Cytogenetic analysis identifies abnormalities of chromosome number and structure. Abnormal mode, wide variation in chromosome number, and aneuploidy are associated with loss of differentiation and advanced stage in bladder cancer. Marker chromosomes have been associated with increased risk of recurrence and progression of superficial, low-grade tumors. With the use of banding techniques, aberrations can be assigned to specific chromosomes and significant nonrandom abnormalities have been identified on chromosomes 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 17. With the use of molecular biology techniques, allelic deletions, proto-oncogene activation, and mutations can be detected and correlated to the pathophysiologic events that determine the biologic behavior of a particular tumor. Allelic deletions of chromosome 9q are independent of stage and grade and suggest that loss of a tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 9q may be an important primary event in the genesis of bladder cancer. Deletions of chromosomes 11p and 17p, evident only in high-grade tumors, may be important in bladder cancer progression.

Electronic Resource