Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:S. Joffe)

2018-08-09

Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)

2073-4425

Biology

2012-07-07

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Economics ; *Ethics, Research ; Female ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Male ; *Patient Rights ; Policy ; *Tissue Donors

2013-05-21

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Adult ; Child ; Disease/*genetics ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Testing/ethics/standards ; Genome-Wide Association Study/ethics/standards ; Genomics/*ethics/*standards ; Humans ; *Incidental Findings ; Laboratories/ethics/standards/statistics & numerical data ; Mutation/ethics ; Neoplasms/genetics ; *Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA/ethics

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract— —The ethanolamine phosphatide fraction was isolated from rat brain at 17, 19, and 22 days of age. Analysis by gas-liquid chromatography of the liberated fatty aldehydes and alkyl glyceryl ethers demonstrated a chain length composition quite distinct from that of the fatty acids in the comparable 1(3)-position of the diacyl phosphatides. [1-14C]-Acetate was administered intraperitoneally to 17-day-old rats. With the exception of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, isotope was readily incorporated into the individual side chains of the 1- and 2-positions of the glycerol moiety. Time studies revealed no readily discernible precursor-product relationships among the linkages in question. Therefore, although the long chain precursors for the alkenyl and alkyl ethers may be related by biosynthetic interconversion, the isotope data are suggestive of independent pathways of biosynthesis for the alkenyl ether, alkyl ether, and ester linkages.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract— The NH2-terminal amino acids of Wolfgram and Folch-Lees proteolipids of bovine and human CNS myelin were determined using the cyanate method (Starke & Smyth, 1963) followed by direct amino acid analysis of the products. Glycine predominated in every case and was recovered in amounts similar to the results described by Whikehart & Lees (1973), who used a dansylation technique followed by thin layer chromatography of the DNS-amino acids. In the present study substantial amounts of glutamic acid, serine, alanine and aspartic acid were also recovered, plus traces of other amino acids. Few differences were observed between Wolfgram and Folch-Lees proteolipids. The end group products of purified W1 proteolipid of bovine Wolfgram fraction, of diazometholysed Folch-Lees proteolipid, and of a sample of phosphatidyl serine had essentially the same composition. The similarity of these results, especially for both fractionated and unfractionated Wolfgram proteolipid, may be evidence that the observed products are derived from phosphoglycerides present in proteolipid rather than from the actual NH2-terminals of the protein.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract— Wolfgram proteolipid protein fraction (WPF) was prepared as the insoluble pellet resulting from the extraction of myelin three times with chloroform-methanol (CM, 2:1, v/v). Amino acid composition analysis showed that the WPF described here is comparable to that described by Wolfgram (1966) and by Enget al. (1968). Disc gel electrophoresis in two different buffer systems revealed three major protein bands, W1, W2 and W3, having apparent mol. wt of 23,500, 54,000 and 62.000 daltons respectively. The 54,000–62,000 doublet is stable to performic acid oxidation and to reduction with β-mercaptoethanol. Characterization of WPF by sedimentation velocity revealed two peaks having S20, w values of 1 96 and 0 84. In comparison, water soluble Folch-Lees proteolipid apoprotein (APL) prepared in this laboratory (Hendricksonet al., 1972) differs from WPF in its amino acid composition and in its behavior on disc gels and in the ultracentrifuge. We employed preparative electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) in order to separate and purify heterogeneous components observed in WPF. We obtained a fraction containing essentially pure W1 protein and determined that it has a unique amino acid composition. Various fractions containing partly purified high molecular weight components were also recovered. Gel filtration chromatography on columns of Sephadex G-200 was also successfully employed in this study of WPF.

Electronic Resource

0003-9861

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource

0006-291X

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource

1420-9071

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Summary Electron microscopy of the rat stomach has shown vagal innervation of gastric epithelial cells with contact points. Unmyelinated axons of diameter 0.06 and 0.20 μm were demonstrated passing in the connective tissue between epithelial cells.

Electronic Resource

1420-9071

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Zusammenfassung Die Reaktion auf das Einträufeln einer 0,1N HCl (11 ml/min) in das Duodenum des Schweines wurde parallel mit dem Radioimmuntest zur Bestimmung des Sekretingehaltes der Mucosa und mit quantitativer immunhistochemischer Analyse der duodenalen Sekretionzellen untersucht. Nach einer 30minütigen Einwirkung der Säure betrug der durchschnittliche Abfall des zellulären Sekretingehaltes in 5 Schweinen 52%. Der entsprechende Wert, der mit der Radioimmuntestmethode ermittelt wurde, betrug 72%.

Electronic Resource

1420-9071

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Summary A rapid and simple technique of parietal cell vagotomy in the rat caused a marked inhibition of basal and stimulated gastric secretion with minimal effect on gastric emptying and gastric volume.

Electronic Resource

0167-0115

Autonomic regulation ; Glucagon ; Opiate ; Somatostatin

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Medicine

Electronic Resource

0167-0115

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1433-8580

Contact laser ; Pancreatectomy ; Anatomy

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Total pancreatectomy was performed in dogs (n = 5) and pigs (n = 6) using a contact Nd:YAG laser with a wave length of 1060 nm. The fiber was connected to a laser scalpel, and a 1.0-mm-diameter sapphire tip was used. The power was set at 10–12 W with a pulse time of 9.9 s. The animals were followed postoperatively (p.o.) for 1 week, and no mortality, infection, or any other complication were observed. Total pancreatectomy was significantly faster to perform in pigs than in dogs (P 〈 0.001). The number of ligatures (P 〈 0.05) and the amount of bleeding (P 〈 0.05) were significantly less in pigs than in dogs. The present paper describes the anatomy of the pancreas in dogs and pigs, and also the technical procedure of total pancreatectomy in both species is presented. In conclusion, total pancreatectomy is easier to perform in pigs than in dogs. Furthermore, the anatomy of the pancreas in the pig resembles much that in man.

Electronic Resource

1432-0428

Opiates ; naloxone ; insulin action ; glucose production ; glucose utilization ; counter-regulatory hormones

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary To investigate the influence of opiates on insulin action in vivo, we induced mild physiological hyperinsulinaemia (15–20 mU/l) in five trained conscious dogs in the absence or presence of ongoing infusion with the opiate agonist D-met2-pro5-enkephalinamide (DMPE, 0.5 μg·kg-1· min-1), or the opiate antagonist naloxone (1.25 mg followed by 1 μg· kg-1·min-1). The effects on glucose production and glucose utilization were measured by isotope dilution using 3-3H-glucose. Glucose fell similarly over 30 min in response to insulin in controls (0.021±0.003 mmol·1-1· min-1), and both the DMPE and naloxone studies (0.016±0.002 mmol · 1-1 · min-1 and 0.017±0.003 mmol·1-1 ·min-1, respectively). In control dogs, insulin lowered glucose by transiently suppressing production by 0.028 ±0.006 mmol·kg-1·min-1 at 20–30 min without changing utilization. In contrast, in both the DMPE and naloxone studies insulin lowered glucose by markedly raising utilization at 20 min by 0.094 ±0.017 and 0.139±0.022 mmol·kg-1·min-1, respectively. Furthermore, insulin failed to suppress production in both DMPE and naloxone studies and, as plasma glucose fell, production rose in both treatment groups at 20 min by 0.045 ±0.012 and 0.089 ±0.022 mmol · kg-1 · min-1 respectively. The counter-regulatory hormone glucagon was transiently suppressed by insulin at 20 min in controls, but not in the treatment groups; cortisol and adrenaline rose at 30 and 45 min respectively in the naloxone group only. No other changes were noted in counterregulatory hormones. Thus hormonal changes do not appear to account for the early pronounced rise in glucose utilization leading to the fall in glucose in the DMPE and naloxone studies. We conclude that the morphine-like agent DMPE and high doses of the opiate antagonist naloxone modulate insulin-induced glucose fluxes in vivo, promoting both glucose utilization and production. These effects may be direct or indirect, and may serve a function in the redistribution of glucose during stress responses.

Electronic Resource

1420-9071

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Summary Rats having undergone parietal cell vagotomy (PCV) or PCV with antrectomy were sacrificed and gastric mucosal samples studies by electron microscopy. Degeneration of axons was followed by the appearance of small, neurotubule-rich axons which increased in size and number with increasing postoperative interval. The source of these regenerating fibers is unknown but may have come from the fundus.

Electronic Resource

1573-2568

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract A continuous subcutaneous infusion for 24 hr of the gastric secretagogues, pentagastrin (4 μg/kg/min) together with carbachol (0.8 μg/kg/min) produced a 100% incidence of duodenal ulcers (DU) in male albino Wistar rats. The mean acid output producing these duodenal ulcers was 2.3 mmol/24 hr, with a gastric secretory volume of 25 (±1) ml/24 hr at an acid concentration of 91 (±2) mmol/liter. The pepsin activity in the gastric juice was 185 μg/ml. To simulate this acid-pepsin hypersecretion, acid and/or pepsin was infused intragastrically for 24 hr. The intragastric infusion of hydrochloric acid (0.1 M, 0.2 M, 0.5 M) alone and hog purified pepsin (2.5, 5, 10 mg/24 hr) at a constant rate of 1 ml/hr for 24 hr failed to produce duodenal ulcers in rats although gastric lesions in the body of the stomach were produced. The infusion of 0.2 M HCl with 5 mg pepsin over 24 hr produced DU in two of 10 rats. However, pooled secretagogue-stimulated gastric juice, infused intragastrically, produced DUs in 11 of 12 rats. Acid alone does not produce DU expermentally in rats at the rate of infusion used in these experiments. Acid and exogenous porcine pepsin (similar to human pepsin 3 on agar gel electrophoresis) rarely produced duodenal ulcers. However, acid and endogenous rat pepsin are needed together for the duodenal ulcerogenesis. This pepsin may be an obligatory ulcerogenic factor in the rat.

Electronic Resource