Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:S. Adamo)

2011-10-29

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

*Climate Change ; *Emigration and Immigration ; Environment ; Human Rights ; Humans ; Public Health ; Social Change

1365-2036

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Aim:  To explore the efficacy and safety of the topically acting steroid beclometasone dipropionate (BDP) in an oral controlled release formulation in the treatment of extensive or left-sided ulcerative colitis.Methods:  In a multicentre, randomised, parallel-group, single-blind study, patients with active mild to moderate ulcerative colitis were randomised to a 4-week treatment with BDP 5 mg/day o.d. vs. 5-ASA 0.8 g t.d.s. The primary efficacy variable was the decrease of Disease Activity Index (DAI) (clinical symptoms and endoscopic appearance of mucosa). Safety was evaluated by monitoring adverse events, vital signs, haematochemical parameters and adrenal function.Results:  One hundred and seventy-seven patients were enrolled and randomly treated with BDP (n = 90) or 5-ASA (n = 87). Mean DAI score decreased in both treatments groups (P 〈 0.0001 vs. baseline for both groups). Clinical remission was achieved in 63.0% of patients in the BDP group vs. 62.5% in the 5-ASA group. A significant DAI score improvement (P 〈 0.05) in favour of BDP was observed in patients with extensive disease. Both treatments were well tolerated. Mean plasma cortisol levels were significantly reduced vs. baseline in BDP recipients, but without signs of pituitary–adrenal function depletion.Conclusion:  Oral BDP gave an overall treatment result in patients with active ulcerative colitis without signs of systemic side-effects.

Electronic Resource

1365-2036

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Aim : To evaluate efficacy and safety of oral beclometasone dipropionate (BDP) when added to 5-ASA in the treatment of patients with active ulcerative colitis.Methods : In a 4-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, patients with extensive or left-sided mild to moderate active ulcerative colitis were randomized to receive oral 5-ASA (3.2 g/day) plus BDP (5 mg/day) or placebo. Clinical, endoscopic and histologic features, and haematochemical parameters were recorded at baseline and at the end of the study.Results : One hundred and nineteen patients were enrolled and randomly treated with BDP plus 5-ASA (n = 58) or placebo plus 5-ASA (n = 61). Both treatment groups showed a statistically significant decrease of disease activity index (DAI) and histology score at the end of treatment (P = 0.001, each). DAI score was lower in the BDP group than in the placebo group (P = 0.014), with more patients in clinical remission in the BDP group (58.6% vs. 34.4%, P = 0.008). Serum cortisol levels significantly decreased in BDP group vs. baseline (P = 0.002), but without signs of pituitary-adrenal function depletion. A low incidence of adverse events was observed in both groups.Conclusions : Oral BDP in combination with oral 5-ASA is significantly more effective than 5-ASA alone in the treatment of patients with extensive or left-sided active ulcerative colitis.

Electronic Resource

0006-291X

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource

0303-7207

FSH ; Sertoli cells ; differentiation ; protein kinase C ; retinol ; testosterone

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Medicine

Electronic Resource

0014-5793

Acetylcholine ; Cultured myotube ; Nicotinic receptor ; Phosphoinositide ; Receptor modulation

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource

0022-4731

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

0014-5793

Protein kinase C Cell proliferation Phospholipid Diacylglycerol Phorbol

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource

0006-291X

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource

0006-291X

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource

0309-1651

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Electronic Resource

0309-1651

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Electronic Resource

0309-1651

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Electronic Resource

0309-1651

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Electronic Resource

0309-1651

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Electronic Resource

0309-1651

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Electronic Resource

0045-6039

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Electronic Resource

1530-0358

Abdominoperineal resection ; Anorectal cancer ; Gracilis muscle ; Graciloplasty ; Necrosis ; Neosphincter reconstruction ; Surgical technique

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract PURPOSE: The aim of the present study is to demonstrate further reconstruction of a double-gracilis anorectal neosphincter that had been destroyed because of a severe postoperative perineal infection, with necrosis of the distal part of the muscles. METHOD: Each residual gracilis muscle was split longitudinally into two branches, which surrounded the neorectum, one posteriorly and the other one anteriorly, so as to perform a perineorectal double sling. RESULT: Owing to a poor functional result, continence was achieved only by the support of an implantable pulse generator. CONCLUSION: This technique seemed to permit the optimum use of the contractile potential of the residual gracilis muscles, which did not show evidence of defunction-related or ischemia-related fibrosis.

Electronic Resource

1432-0762

Key words Tachinid ; Uncertainty ; Optimal ; Parasitoid ; Clutch size

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Abstract  Ormia ochracea is a parasitoid fly which lays its larvae on its hosts, the field crickets Gryllus integer and Gryllus rubens, in two distinct modes: (1) directly on the host and (2) around the host. In the field, 12.7% of male crickets were parasitized and 3.2% were superparasitized. Despite the disadvantages of parasitizing infested hosts, there was no evidence that O. ochracea avoided superparasitism. This and other experiments suggest that the host assessment ability of O. ochracea is less than that reported for many hymenopteran parasitoids. By manipulating the number of larvae in each cricket, we determined that four to five larvae per host resulted in the largest number of adult flies. However, as larval number per host increased from one to six, pupal size, and hence adult size, declined. In the field, hosts were found with a mean of 1.7±1.0 (SD) larvae per cricket, suggesting that there may be some selection pressure against larger clutch sizes. Nevertheless clutch sizes larger than the host can support were sometimes found in the field. During the first mode of larviposition, gravid flies deposited no more than three larvae directly onto the host. Larvae deposited directly on the host had a high probability of infesting it. During the second mode of larviposition, gravid flies laid a larger number of larvae around the host (6.1±5.2). Larvae that were laid around the host were less likely to infest a cricket than were larvae that were deposited directly onto it. O. ochracea is unique in that its two different modes of larviposition have different probabilities of larval success. Even though the success rate for larvae laid during the second mode of larviposition was low, the possibility of parasitizing more hosts appears to have selected for flies laying more larvae (e.g. increasing clutch size) than is optimal if all the larvae successfully entered a single host.S.A Adamo ( ♪ ) ⋅ D. Robert ⋅ J. Perez ⋅ R.R. HoySection of Neurobiology and Behavior) S.G. Mudd Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 14853–2702, USA

Electronic Resource

1432-0762

Tachinid ; Uncertainty ; Optimal Parasitoid ; Clutch size

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Abstract Ormia ochracea is a parasitoid fly which lays its larvae on its hosts, the field crickets Gryllus integer and Gryllus rubens, in two distinct modes: (1) directly on the host and (2) around the host. In the field, 12.7% of male crickets were parasitized and 3.2% were super-parasitized. Despite the disadvantages of parasitizing infested hosts, there was no evidence that O. ochracea avoided superparasitism. This and other experiments suggest that the host assessment ability of O. ochracea is less than that reported for many hymenopteran parasitoids. by manipulating the number of larvae in each cricket, we determined that four to five larvae per host resulted in the largest number of adult flies. However, as larval number per host increased from one to six, pupal size, and hence adult size, declined. In the field, hosts were found with a mean of 1.7 ± 1.0 (SD) larvae per cricket, suggesting that there may be some selection pressure against larger clutch sizes. Nevertheless clutch sizes larger than the host can support were sometimes found in the field. During the first mode of larviposition, gravid flies deposited no more than three larvae directly onto the host. Larvae deposited directly on the host had a high probability of infesting it. During the second mode of larviposition, gravid flies laid a larger number of larvae around the host (6.1 ± 5.2). Larvae that were laid around the host were less likely to infest a cricket than were larvae that were deposited directly onto it. O. ochracea is unique in that its two different modes of larviposition have different probabilities of larval success. Even though the success rate for larvae laid during the second mode of larviposition was low, the possibility of parasitizing more hosts appears to have selected for flies laying more larvae (e.g. increasing clutch size) than is optimal if all the larvae successfully entered a single host.

Electronic Resource