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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressD. P. Hibar ; J. L. Stein ; M. E. Renteria ; A. Arias-Vasquez ; S. Desrivieres ; N. Jahanshad ; R. Toro ; K. Wittfeld ; L. Abramovic ; M. Andersson ; B. S. Aribisala ; N. J. Armstrong ; M. Bernard ; M. M. Bohlken ; M. P. Boks ; J. Bralten ; A. A. Brown ; M. M. Chakravarty ; Q. Chen ; C. R. Ching ; G. Cuellar-Partida ; A. den Braber ; S. Giddaluru ; A. L. Goldman ; O. Grimm ; T. Guadalupe ; J. Hass ; G. Woldehawariat ; A. J. Holmes ; M. Hoogman ; D. Janowitz ; T. Jia ; S. Kim ; M. Klein ; B. Kraemer ; P. H. Lee ; L. M. Olde Loohuis ; M. Luciano ; C. Macare ; K. A. Mather ; M. Mattheisen ; Y. Milaneschi ; K. Nho ; M. Papmeyer ; A. Ramasamy ; S. L. Risacher ; R. Roiz-Santianez ; E. J. Rose ; A. Salami ; P. G. Samann ; L. Schmaal ; A. J. Schork ; J. Shin ; L. T. Strike ; A. Teumer ; M. M. van Donkelaar ; K. R. van Eijk ; R. K. Walters ; L. T. Westlye ; C. D. Whelan ; A. M. Winkler ; M. P. Zwiers ; S. Alhusaini ; L. Athanasiu ; S. Ehrlich ; M. M. Hakobjan ; C. B. Hartberg ; U. K. Haukvik ; A. J. Heister ; D. Hoehn ; D. Kasperaviciute ; D. C. Liewald ; L. M. Lopez ; R. R. Makkinje ; M. Matarin ; M. A. Naber ; D. R. McKay ; M. Needham ; A. C. Nugent ; B. Putz ; N. A. Royle ; L. Shen ; E. Sprooten ; D. Trabzuni ; S. S. van der Marel ; K. J. van Hulzen ; E. Walton ; C. Wolf ; L. Almasy ; D. Ames ; S. Arepalli ; A. A. Assareh ; M. E. Bastin ; H. Brodaty ; K. B. Bulayeva ; M. A. Carless ; S. Cichon ; A. Corvin ; J. E. Curran ; M. Czisch ; G. I. de Zubicaray ; A. Dillman ; R. Duggirala ; T. D. Dyer ; S. Erk ; I. O. Fedko ; L. Ferrucci ; T. M. Foroud ; P. T. Fox ; M. Fukunaga ; J. R. Gibbs ; H. H. Goring ; R. C. Green ; S. Guelfi ; N. K. Hansell ; C. A. Hartman ; K. Hegenscheid ; A. Heinz ; D. G. Hernandez ; D. J. Heslenfeld ; P. J. Hoekstra ; F. Holsboer ; G. Homuth ; J. J. Hottenga ; M. Ikeda ; C. R. Jack, Jr. ; M. Jenkinson ; R. Johnson ; R. Kanai ; M. Keil ; J. W. Kent, Jr. ; P. Kochunov ; J. B. Kwok ; S. M. Lawrie ; X. Liu ; D. L. Longo ; K. L. McMahon ; E. Meisenzahl ; I. Melle ; S. Mohnke ; G. W. Montgomery ; J. C. Mostert ; T. W. Muhleisen ; M. A. Nalls ; T. E. Nichols ; L. G. Nilsson ; M. M. Nothen ; K. Ohi ; R. L. Olvera ; R. Perez-Iglesias ; G. B. Pike ; S. G. Potkin ; I. Reinvang ; S. Reppermund ; M. Rietschel ; N. Romanczuk-Seiferth ; G. D. Rosen ; D. Rujescu ; K. Schnell ; P. R. Schofield ; C. Smith ; V. M. Steen ; J. E. Sussmann ; A. Thalamuthu ; A. W. Toga ; B. J. Traynor ; J. Troncoso ; J. A. Turner ; M. C. Valdes Hernandez ; D. van 't Ent ; M. van der Brug ; N. J. van der Wee ; M. J. van Tol ; D. J. Veltman ; T. H. Wassink ; E. Westman ; R. H. Zielke ; A. B. Zonderman ; D. G. Ashbrook ; R. Hager ; L. Lu ; F. J. McMahon ; D. W. Morris ; R. W. Williams ; H. G. Brunner ; R. L. Buckner ; J. K. Buitelaar ; W. Cahn ; V. D. Calhoun ; G. L. Cavalleri ; B. Crespo-Facorro ; A. M. Dale ; G. E. Davies ; N. Delanty ; C. Depondt ; S. Djurovic ; W. C. Drevets ; T. Espeseth ; R. L. Gollub ; B. C. Ho ; W. Hoffmann ; N. Hosten ; R. S. Kahn ; S. Le Hellard ; A. Meyer-Lindenberg ; B. Muller-Myhsok ; M. Nauck ; L. Nyberg ; M. Pandolfo ; B. W. Penninx ; J. L. Roffman ; S. M. Sisodiya ; J. W. Smoller ; H. van Bokhoven ; N. E. van Haren ; H. Volzke ; H. Walter ; M. W. Weiner ; W. Wen ; T. White ; I. Agartz ; O. A. Andreassen ; J. Blangero ; D. I. Boomsma ; R. M. Brouwer ; D. M. Cannon ; M. R. Cookson ; E. J. de Geus ; I. J. Deary ; G. Donohoe ; G. Fernandez ; S. E. Fisher ; C. Francks ; D. C. Glahn ; H. J. Grabe ; O. Gruber ; J. Hardy ; R. Hashimoto ; H. E. Hulshoff Pol ; E. G. Jonsson ; I. Kloszewska ; S. Lovestone ; V. S. Mattay ; P. Mecocci ; C. McDonald ; A. M. McIntosh ; R. A. Ophoff ; T. Paus ; Z. Pausova ; M. Ryten ; P. S. Sachdev ; A. J. Saykin ; A. Simmons ; A. Singleton ; H. Soininen ; J. M. Wardlaw ; M. E. Weale ; D. R. Weinberger ; H. H. Adams ; L. J. Launer ; S. Seiler ; R. Schmidt ; G. Chauhan ; C. L. Satizabal ; J. T. Becker ; L. Yanek ; S. J. van der Lee ; M. Ebling ; B. Fischl ; W. T. Longstreth, Jr. ; D. Greve ; H. Schmidt ; P. Nyquist ; L. N. Vinke ; C. M. van Duijn ; L. Xue ; B. Mazoyer ; J. C. Bis ; V. Gudnason ; S. Seshadri ; M. A. Ikram ; N. G. Martin ; M. J. Wright ; G. Schumann ; B. Franke ; P. M. Thompson ; S. E. Medland
Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
Published 2015Staff ViewPublication Date: 2015-01-22Publisher: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Print ISSN: 0028-0836Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging/genetics ; Apoptosis/genetics ; Brain/*anatomy & histology ; Caudate Nucleus/anatomy & histology ; Child ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/genetics ; Genetic Loci/genetics ; Genetic Variation/*genetics ; *Genome-Wide Association Study ; Hippocampus/anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Middle Aged ; Organ Size/genetics ; Putamen/anatomy & histology ; Sex Characteristics ; Skull/anatomy & histology ; Young AdultPublished by: -
2Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressR. H. Houtkooper ; L. Mouchiroud ; D. Ryu ; N. Moullan ; E. Katsyuba ; G. Knott ; R. W. Williams ; J. Auwerx
Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
Published 2013Staff ViewPublication Date: 2013-05-24Publisher: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Print ISSN: 0028-0836Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Aging/genetics/metabolism ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Caenorhabditis elegans/drug effects/genetics/*physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Doxycycline/pharmacology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Longevity/drug effects/genetics/*physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mitochondria/drug effects/genetics/*metabolism ; Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Quantitative Trait Loci ; RNA Interference ; Reproducibility of Results ; Ribosomal Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Sirolimus/pharmacology ; Unfolded Protein Response/genetics/physiologyPublished by: -
3Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1467-8683Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: Political ScienceEconomicsType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
4Articles: DFG German National LicensesMountz, J. D. ; Yang, P. ; Wu, Q. ; Zhou, J. ; Tousson, A. ; Fitzgerald, A. ; Allen, J. ; Wang, X. ; Cartner, S. ; Grizzle, W. E. ; Yi, N. ; Lu, L. ; Williams, R. W. ; Hsu, H.-C.
Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
Published 2005Staff ViewISSN: 1365-3083Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: The BXD2 strain of mice is one of approximately 80 BXD recombinant inbred (RI) mouse strains derived from an intercross between C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2) strains. We have discovered that adult BXD2 mice spontaneously develop generalized autoimmune disease, including glomerulonephritis (GN), increased serum titres of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-DNA antibody, and a spontaneous erosive arthritis characterized by mononuclear cell infiltration, synovial hyperplasia, and bone and cartilage erosion. The features of lupus and arthritis developed by the BXD2 mice segregate in F2 mice generated by crossing BXD2 mice with the parental B6 and D2 strains. Genetic linkage analysis of the serum levels of anti-DNA and RF by using the BXD RI strains shows that the serum titers of anti-DNA and RF were influenced by a genetic locus on mouse chromosome (Chr) 2 near the marker D2Mit412 (78 cm, 163 Mb) and on Chr 4 near D4Mit146 (53.6 cm, 109 Mb), respectively. Both loci are close to the B-cell hyperactivity, lupus or GN susceptibility loci that have been identified previously. The results of our study suggest that the BXD2 strain of mice is a novel model for complex autoimmune disease that will be useful in identifying the mechanisms critical for the immunopathogenesis and genetic segregation of lupus and erosive arthritis.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
5Articles: DFG German National LicensesMountz, J. D. ; Van Zant, G. E. ; Zhang, H.-G. ; Grizzle, W. E. ; Ahmed, R. ; Williams, R. W. ; Hsu, H.-C.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
Published 2001Staff ViewISSN: 1365-3083Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: Understanding of the genetic basis of normal and abnormal development of the immune response is an enormous undertaking. The immune response, at the most minimal level, involves interactions of antigen presenting cells (APCs), T and B cells. Each of these cells produce cell surface and soluble factors (cytokines) that affect both autocrine and paracrine functions. A second level of complexity needs to consider the development of the macrophage/monocyte lineage as well as the production of the common lymphoid precursor which undergoes distinct maturation steps in the thymus and periphery to form mature T cells as well as in BM (BM) and lymphoid organs to form mature B cells. A third level of complexity involves the immune response to infectious agents including viruses and also the response to tumour antigens. In addition, there are imbalances that predispose to decreased responses (immunodeficiencies) or increased responses (autoimmunity). A fourth level of complexity involves attempts to understand the differences in the immune response that occurs at a very young age, in adults, and at a very old age. This review will focus on the use of C57BL/6 J X DBA/2 J (BXD) recombinant inbred (RI) strains of mice to map genetic loci associated with the production of lymphoid precursors in the BM, development of T cells in the thymus, and T-cell responses to stimulation in the peripheral lymphoid organs in adult and in aged mice. Strategies to improve the power and precision in which complex traits such as the age-related immune response can be mapped is limited with the current set of 35 strains of BXD mice. Strategies to increase these strains by generating recombinant intercross (RIX) strains of mice are being developed to enable this large set of lines to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) with a much higher consistency and statistical power. More importantly, the resolution with which these QTLs can be mapped would be greatly improved and, in many cases, adequate to carry out direct identification of candidate genes. It is likely that, given the complexity of the immune system development, the number of cells involved in an immune response, and especially the changes in the immune system with ageing, mapping hundreds of genes will be required to fully understand age-related changes in the immune response. This review outlines ongoing and future strategies that will enable the mapping and identification of these genes.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
6Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1095-8649Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: BiologyNotes: Slides were prepared from blood of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and evaluated. The cellular blood elements observed were thrombocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, granular anucleate bodies, erythrocytes. In channel catfish, thrombocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils were the predominate leucocytes. Erythrocytes were observed in various stages of development. Smudge cells were observed in all smear preparations. The variations found between the observations in this study and information provided in the literature suggest the need for establishing a standardized terminology.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] This communication reports experiments with two strains of Escherichia coli: B/r, a strain resistant to radiation, and BS-I, sensitive to radiation. Both cell types were derived from parent strain E. coli B and have similar base ratios. Their radiosensitivities are presumably under genetic control ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesBerge, P. ; Burkhardt, H. ; Dydak, F. ; Hagelberg, R. ; Krasny, M. W. ; Meyer, H. J. ; Palazzi, P. ; Ranjard, F. ; Rothberg, J. ; Steinberger, J. ; Taureg, H. ; Wahl, H. ; Williams, R. W. ; Wotschack, J. ; Blümer, H. ; Brummel, H. D. ; Buchholz, P. ; Duda, J. ; Eisele, F. ; Kampschulte, B. ; Kleinknecht, K. ; Knobloch, J. ; Müller, E. ; Pszola, B. ; Renk, B.
Springer
Published 1991Staff ViewISSN: 1434-6052Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: PhysicsNotes: Abstract A high-statistics measurement of the differential cross-sections for neutrino-iron scattering in the wide-band neutrino beam at the CERN SPS is presented. Nucleon structure functions are extracted and theirQ 2 evolution is compared with the predictions of quantum chromodynamics.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesBerge, P. ; Dydak, F. ; Guyot, C. ; Hagelberg, R. ; Merlo, J. P. ; Ranjard, F. ; Rothberg, J. ; Steinberger, J. ; Taureg, H. ; Rüden, W. ; Wahl, H. ; Williams, R. W. ; Wotschack, J. ; Blümer, H. ; Buchholz, P. ; Duda, J. ; Eisele, F. ; Kleinknecht, K. ; Knobloch, J. ; Pollmann, D. ; Pszola, B. ; Renk, B. ; Belusević, R. ; Falkenburg, B. ; Flottmann, T.
Springer
Published 1992Staff ViewISSN: 1434-6052Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: PhysicsNotes: Abstract A study of prompt neutrino events from 400 GeV protons on a beam-dump is presented. The ratio of electron- to muon-neutrino rates is 0.86±0.14, in agreement withe−μ universality. The anti-neutrino to neutrino flux ratio is $$\bar v_\mu /v_\mu = 0.81 \pm 0.19$$ . The absolute rates and distributions observed are shown to be in quantitative agreement with the known properties of charmedquark production in hadron collisions.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
10Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-0568Keywords: Key words Photoreceptor ; Nearest neighbor analysis ; Nyquist limit ; Aliasing ; Aging ; Sex differencesSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract We have analyzed variation in the structure of the human photoreceptor mosaic as a function of age, sex, and retinal location using the nearest neighbor and density recovery profile methods. In contrast to most previous work, we have focused our analysis on the mid- and far-peripheral human retina. Video-enhanced differential interference contrast optics was used to characterize differences in the nasal and temporal periphery of unstained wholemounts from 12 males and 12 females ranging in age from 15- to 83-years-old. At sites matched for cone density (∼5,000 cones/mm2), the mosaic is far more orderly in the temporal than in the nasal periphery. This is true at all ages and in both sexes. Despite their increased local order, regularity ratios of adjacent temporal fields tend to be much more variable than are those of adjacent nasal fields. These marked nasal-temporal differences are eliminated when eccentricity is held constant and cone density is allowed to vary. There is a mild, statistically significant age-related decline in the regularity of the cone mosaic, but only in the nasal periphery. There are no significant differences in the precision of the cone mosaic between sexes. The equivalence of the regularity of the mosaic at matched eccentricities, but not at matched cone densities, suggests that the irregularity of the mosaic is secondary to developmental gradients and, more generally, to reduced selection for high acuity vision in the retinal periphery.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
11Articles: DFG German National LicensesA Quantitative Genetic Analysis of Slow-Wave Sleep in Influenza-Infected CXB Recombinant Inbred MiceStaff View
ISSN: 1573-3297Keywords: Sleep ; influenza ; virus ; recombinant inbred ; C57BL/6 ; BALB/cBy ; QTLSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyPsychologyNotes: Abstract Influenza-infected C57BL/6J mice spend increased amounts of time in slow-wave sleep (SWS) during the dark phase of the circadian cycle compared to healthy mice. In contrast, infected BALB/cByJ mice show a normal or reduced time in SWS, particularly during the light phase. To identify genetic loci with linkage to these traits, we measured sleep in 13 CXB recombinant inbred (RI) strains derived from a cross between C57BL/6ByJ and BALB/cByJ mice. The probability density distribution of sleep patterns of influenza-infected CXB RI mice showed modes that correspond roughly with the parental modes during the dark phase of the circadian cycle and are intermediate or C57BL/6-like during the light phase. These patterns are consistent with the presence of a low number of major effect quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Chromosomal regions with provisional association to strain variation in influenza-induced SWS patterns were identified. In particular, a 10- to 12-cM interval on Chr 6 between D6Mit74 and D6Mit188 contains a QTL (LRS = 16.6 at 1 cM proximal to D6Mit316; genomewide p〈.05) that influences the SWS response to influenza infection during the light phase. We have provisionally named this QTL Srilp1 (sleep response to influenza, light phase 1). Candidate genes for mediation of this phenotype include Ghrhr (growth hormone releasing hormone receptor), Crhr2 (corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 2), and Cd8a (an epitope on cytotoxic T lymphocytes). Several other intervals achieved suggestive probability scores that are sufficient to warrant further analysis either with additional RI strains or with F2 panels. The analysis also suggests that dark phase and light phase responses are regulated by different genetic factors.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
12Articles: DFG German National LicensesBerge, P. ; Blondel, A. ; Böckmann, P. ; Burkhardt, H. ; Dydak, F. ; Groot, J. G. H. ; Grant, A. L. ; Hagelberg, R. ; Hughes, E. W. ; Krasny, M. ; Meyer, H. J. ; Palazzi, P. ; Ranjard, F. ; Rothberg, J. ; Steinberger, J. ; Taureg, H. ; Wachsmuth, H. ; Wahl, H. ; Williams, R. W. ; Wotschack, J. ; Wysłouch, B. ; Blümer, H. ; Brummel, H. D. ; Buchholz, P. ; Duda, J.
Springer
Published 1987Staff ViewISSN: 1434-6052Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: PhysicsNotes: Abstract Neutrino and antineutrino total charged current cross sections on iron were measured in the 100, 160, and 200 GeV narrow band beams at the CERN SPS in the energy range 10 to 200 GeV. Assuming σ/E to be constant, the values corrected for non-isoscalarity are σv/E = (0.686 ± 0.019) * 10−38 cm2/ (GeV · nucleon) and σv/E = (0.339 ± 0.010) * 10−38 cm2/ (GeV·nucleon). Between 50 and 150 GeV no energy dependence of σ/E was observed within ±3% for neutrino and ±4% for antineutrino interactions.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
13Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1435-1528Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: Chemistry and PharmacologyPhysicsDescription / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden Methoden zur Berechnung der Viskosität nicht-newtonscher Flüssigkeiten aus Messungen mit dem Brookfield-(Synchro-Lectric-)Viskosimeter für rotierende Scheiben, Kugeln und Zylinder diskutiert. Die Ergebnisse der Anwendung von Näherungsmethoden, wie sie für Rechnungen von Hand geeignet sind, und von Computer-Programmen auf verschiedene Testflüssigkeiten werden mit den Ergebnissen von Viskositätsmessungen mittels anderer kommerzieller Rheometer verglichen. Es wird gezeigt, daß sowohl die Ergebnisse der Näherungsmethoden als auch der Computerprogramme sich in guter Übereinstimmung mit dem bekannten viskosimetrischen Verhalten der Flüssigkeiten befinden und die Näherungsmethoden ein einfaches Mittel zur Gewinnung zuverlässiger Viskositätsdaten darstellen. Die Computermethoden ergeben für Kugeln und Scheiben zwar eine bessere Übereinstimmung mit dem bekannten Viskositätsverhalten, doch sind sie im Vergleich zu den Näherungsmethoden im Nachteil im Hinblick auf den höheren Aufwand, der zu ihrer Durchführung nötig ist.Notes: Summary Techniques for obtaining the apparent viscosity of non-Newtonian materials from the Brookfield Synchro-Lectric Viscometer are discussed for rotating discs, spheres, and cylinders. Results from approximate methods, suitable for hand calculation, and from computer programs applied to data obtained from various test fluids are compared with viscometric results from other commercial rheometers. It is shown that both the results from the approximate methods used, and from the computer programs are in good agreement with the known fluid behaviour, and that the approximate methods provide a simple means of obtaining reliable viscometric data. The computational methods used for spheres and discs give better agreement with the known viscometric liquid behaviour but may suffer somewhat on comparison with the approximate methods, due to the extra sophistication in their implementation.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
14Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1435-1528Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: Chemistry and PharmacologyPhysicsDescription / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden numerische Methoden verwendet, um die durch rotierende Kugeln oder Scheiben erzeugten Sekundärströmungen bei nicht-newtonschen Flüssigkeiten für „endliche“ Reynolds- und Weissenberg-Zahlen zu beschreiben. Frühere analytische Untersuchungen waren stets auf „kleine“ Werte dieser Parameter beschränkt geblieben. Das numerische Verfahren der vorliegenden Arbeit erlaubt die Lösung der vollständigen nicht-linearen Bewegungsgleichungen für endliche Werte dieser allgemeinen Parameter bei einer Flüssigkeit mit beliebiger Scherviskositätsabhängigkeit und ist somit nicht auf die Approximation der Stoffgleichungen für langsame Strömungen angewiesen, wie sie in den früheren Untersuchungen zugrundegelegt waren. Das Verhältnis des sekundären elastischen Drehmoments zum primären ergibt sich im Bereich der untersuchten Flüssigkeiten als eine quadratische Funktion von Reynolds- und Weissenberg-Zahl, was mit der Voraussage der früheren Theorien für kleine Werte dieser Parameter übereinstimmt. Es werden die Fehler betrachtet, die infolge von Trägheits- und elastischen Effekten bei der Verwendung von Kugeln bzw. Scheiben in Eintauchvisk osimetern auftreten können, wobei ja für die Auswertung in der Regel die Bedingungen der schleichenden Strömung vorausgesetzt werden. Es werden repräsentative Stromlinien gezeichnet. Dabei ergibt sich für unelastische Flüssigkeiten, daß solche gegenüber einer Änderung der Reynolds-Zahl relativ unempfindlich sind. Für viskoelastische Flüssigkeiten besteht die hauptsächliche Wirkung wachsender Elastizität auf die Stromlinien darin, den Bereich von Reynolds-Zahlen, bei dem eine elastische Umkehrströmung möglich ist, zu vergrößern. Auch der Einfluß der Scherentzähung geht in diese Richtung. Sowohl zwischen der Drehmomentabhängigkeit als auch der Stromlinienform der Sekundärströmung, die zum einen durch rotierende Kugeln, zum anderen durch rotierende dünne Scheiben erzeugt werden, besteht ein enger Zusammenhang.Notes: Summary Numerical methods have been employed to simulate the secondary flows of non-Newtonian materials caused by the rotation of spheres and thin discs for “finite” Reynolds and Weissenberg numbers. Previous analytic work has been confined to “small” values of these parameters. The numerical scheme of the present paper is used to solve thefull non-linear equations of motion for finite values of these global parameters for a fluid ofarbitrary viscosity characterisation, and so isnot restricted to the hierarchy constitutive equations used in previous analyses. The ratio of the secondary elastic torque to the primary torque is found to be a quadratic function of Reynolds and Weissenberg numbers for the range of materials studied and is in agreement with earlier theory for “small” values of these parameters. Consideration is given to possible errors incurred, due to inertial and elastic effects, in using spheres and discs as immersible viscometers where primary creeping flow assumptions are normally assumed in theory. Representative streamlines are drawn, and for the inelastic fluids examined are found to be relatively insensitive to changes in Reynolds number. For the elastico-viscous liquids considered, the main effect of increased fluid elasticity on the streamlines is to extend the range of Reynolds numbers for which reversed elastic flow is possible. The shearthinning nature of the fluid may also have this effect. A strong connection is found in both torque and streamline results between the secondary flows induced by rotating spheres and thin discs.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
15Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1435-1528Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: Chemistry and PharmacologyPhysicsDescription / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Rechen-Programm erstellt, welches für fünf scheibenähnliche Meßkörper eines Brookfield R.V.T-Viskosimeters Drehmoment-Geschwindigkeits-Daten in Schubspannungs-Schergeschwindigkeits-Kurven umzuwandeln gestattet. Experimentelle Ergebnisse, die sowohl mit einem Brookfield-Viskosimeter als auch mit kommerziell gefertigten Rheometern an den gleichen Proben gemessen wurden, zeigen die Brauchbarkeit des Programms.Notes: Summary A computer program has been written which converts torque-speed data obtained from the five “disk-like” spindles of the Brookfield R.V.T. viscometer into shear stress — shear rate data. Experimental results obtained on the same samples from the Brookfield viscometer and commercial rheogoniometers are used to demonstrate the utility of the program.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
16Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1777Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyMedicineNotes: Abstract The Portable Dictionary of the Mouse Genome is a database for personal computers that contains information on approximately 10,000 loci in the mouse, along with data on homologs in several other mammalian species, including human, rat, cat, cow, and pig. Key features of the dictionary are its compact size, its network independence, and the ability to convert the entire dictionary to a wide variety of common application programs. Another significant feature is the integration of DNA sequence accession data. Loci in the dictionary can be rapidly resorted by chromosomal position, by type, by human homology, or by gene effect. The dictionary provides an accessible, easily manipulated set of data that has many uses—from a quick review of loci and gene nomenclature to the design of experiments and analysis of results. The Portable Dictionary is available in several formats suitable for conversion to different programs and computer systems. It can be obtained on disk or from Internet Gopher servers (mickey.utmem.edu or anat4.utmem.edu), an anonymous FTP site (nb.utmem.edu in the directory pub/genedict), and a World Wide Web server (http://mickey.utmem.edu/front.html).Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
17Articles: DFG German National LicensesRice, D. S. ; Williams, R. W. ; Ward-Bailey, P. ; Johnson, K. R. ; Harris, B. S. ; Davisson, M. T. ; Goldowitz, D.
Springer
Published 1995Staff ViewISSN: 1432-1777Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyMedicineType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
18Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1573-3297Keywords: Recombinant inbred mice ; circadian ; locomotor activity ; QTL ; C57BL/6J ; BALB/cByJSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyPsychologyNotes: Abstract Recent studies have identified genes that influence the length of the circadian period maintained by mice housed under constant lighting conditions. However, a less studied circadian activity variable is the amplitude of daily oscillations in locomotor activity. This parameter reflects spontaneous activity exhibited under standard lighting and housing conditions and, therefore, differs conceptually from assessments of exploratory or open-field activity, voluntary wheel-running, or circadian period during exposure to constant light or constant darkness conditions. We recently observed a greater daily amplitude of oscillation in spontaneous locomotor activity in C57BL/6 mice compared to BALB/cBy mice. To identify genetic loci with potential linkage to circadian variation in the amount of locomotor activity, we measured the spontaneous activity of 13 CXB recombinant inbred (RI) strains of mice. The probability density distributions of locomotor activity phenotypes for the 13 CXB RI strains were consistent with the presence of a low number of major quantitative trait loci affecting this trait. Regions of chromosomes 3, 8, 12, 13, and 19 showed provisional linkage to strain variation in locomotor activity. Probabilities of linkage were not sufficient for declaration of an activity-related quantitative trait locus but were sufficient to warrant further analysis either with additional RI strains or with F2 panels.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
19Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1573-3297Keywords: Sleep ; REM sleep ; mice ; recombinant inbred ; QTL ; BALB/cBy ; C57BL/6Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyPsychologyNotes: Abstract Various inbred strains of mice show different daily amounts of slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid-eye movement sleep (REMS), suggesting the possibility of genetic influences on sleep propensity. Previous work by others studying the spontaneous sleep patterns of seven strains of CXB recombinant inbred (RI) mice suggested several candidate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with variation in REMS. Extending this approach, we evaluated the sleep patterns of 13 CXB RI strains and conducted linkage analyses based on 223 discrete informative loci. The probability density distribution of light phase REMS for the CXB RI strains showed deflections that correspond approximately to the parental phenotypes. This type of pattern is consistent with the presence of a low number of major effect quantitative trait loci. Regions of chromosomes 4, 16, and 17 showed provisional linkage to strain variation in REMS. The distribution of loci further suggested that dark phase and light phase REMS may be regulated by different genetic factors. Probabilities of linkage were not sufficient for declaration of a quantitative trait locus for REMS but were sufficient to warrant further analysis either with additional RI strains or with F2 panels.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
20Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0049-8246Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and SpectroscopySource: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000Topics: PhysicsNotes: A thin-film technique has been developed for the quantitative analysis of grindable solids such as combustion chamber and spark-plug deposits, coal and fuel-oil ashes, sediments and catalysts. Only 20 mg of sample are required and results are virtually independent of the matrix for all elements of atomic number 11 (Na) and heavier.Detection limits for the 25 elements so far calibrated range betweenf 0.05 and 1.0% by weight. The technique was proved using 22 certified materials, the precision being within 10% relative over much of the calibration ranges.Additional Material: 3 Ill.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: