Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:R. Reed)

2018-02-01

American Chemical Society (ACS)

0006-2960

1520-4995

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

2018-01-27

Wiley-Blackwell

0148-0227

Geosciences

Physics

2018-06-23

The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)

0021-9258

1083-351X

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

2018-06-23

MDPI Publishing

2071-1050

Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

2013-12-07

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms/*drug therapy/genetics ; DNA/genetics ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/*genetics ; Erlotinib Hydrochloride ; Glioblastoma/*drug therapy/genetics ; Humans ; Mice ; *Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use ; Quinazolines/therapeutic use ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors/*genetics ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Withholding Treatment

0012-8163

English, American Studies

0749-596X

Psychology

0749-596X

Psychology

2018-02-03

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

2328-4277

Geosciences

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The microstructures of polycrystalline silicon samples show significant differences in their absorption coefficients within the range of wavelength of interest for the surface photovoltage (SPV) method. The accuracy in the determination of the minority-carrier diffusion length of polycrystalline materials by the SPV method was demonstrably improved with the use of the determined absorption coefficients for each individual sample.

Electronic Resource

1749-6632

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Natural Sciences in General

Electronic Resource

1749-6632

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Natural Sciences in General

Electronic Resource

1365-3040

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

Abstract Changes in cell volume and solute content upon hyperosmotic shock have been studied for six unicellular blue-green algae (cyanobacteria): Synechococcus PCC 6301, PCC 6311; Synechocystis PCC 6702, PCC 6714, PCC 6803 and PCC 7008. The extent of change in volume was shown to be dependent upon the solute used to establish the osmotic gradient, with cells in NaCl showing a reduced shrinkage when compared to cells in media containing added sorbitol and sucrose. Uptake of extracellular solutes during hyperosmotic shock was observed in Synechocystis PCC 6714, with maximum accumulation of external solutes in NaCl and minimum solute uptake in sucrose solutions. Conversely, solute loss from the cells (K+ and amino acids) was greatest in sucrose-containing media and least in NaCl. The results show that these blue-green algae do not behave as ‘ideal osmometers’ in media of high osmotic strength. It is proposed that short-term changes in plasmalemma permeability in these organisms may be due to transient membrane instability resulting from osmotic imbalance between the cell and its surrounding fluid at the onset of hyperosmotic shock.

Electronic Resource

1365-3040

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

Abstract. The solutes accumulated by cyanobacteria in response to hyper-osmotic stress include Na+, K+, sucrose, trehalose, glucosyl-glycerol, glyeine betaine and glutamate betaine. The compatibility of several of these solutes with glutamine synthetase activity has been examined using cell-free extracts from a range of freshwater, marine and halotolerant cyanobacteria. All of the solutes tested were compatible with (i.e. non-inhibitory to) enzymic activity at physiological concentrations and the results demonstrate a rank order of compatibility which correlates with the concentrations at which the organic solutes occur in cyanobacteria, i.e. glycine betaine 〉 polyol-derivatives 〉 disaccharides and with the upper salinity limit for growth. The protection against inhibition by NaCl (halo-protection) afforded by these solutes to enzymic activity was also examined. Only glycine betaine was found to exert a significant halo-protective effect and this may be explained by differences in the mechanism of compatible solute function between small charged molecules and sugars/polyols.

Electronic Resource

1460-9568

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Nuclear factor I (NFI) proteins are DNA-binding transcription factors that participate in the tissue specific expression of various genes. They are encoded by four different genes (NFI-A, B, C, and X) each of which generates multiple isoforms by alternative RNA splicing. NFI-like binding sites have been identified in several genes preferentially expressed in olfactory receptor neurons. Our prior demonstration that NFI binds to these elements led to the hypothesis that NFI is involved in the regulation of these genes. To analyse the role of NFI in the regulation of olfactory neuron gene expression we have performed transient transfection experiments in HEK 293 cells using constructs that place luciferase expression under the control of an olfactory marker protein (OMP)-promoter fragment containing the NFI binding site. In vitro mutagenesis of this site revealed a negative modulation of luciferase expression by endogenous NFI proteins in HEK 293 cells. In addition, we have used in situ hybridization to analyse the tissue and cellular distribution of the four NFI gene transcripts during pre- and postnatal mouse development. We have simultaneously characterized the expression of Pax-6, and O/E-1, transcription factors known to regulate the phenotype of olfactory receptor neurons. We demonstrate that all of these transcription factors vary in specific spatio–temporal patterns during the development of the olfactory system. These data on NFI activity, and on transcription factor expression, provide a basis to understand the role of NFI in regulating gene expression in olfactory receptor neurons.

Electronic Resource

1750-3841

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

The shelf-life of commercially processed pond raised catfish held in two different storage environments was assessed in 1981 by sensory and microbiological examinations. An experienced panel rated samples held in a chillpack environment (-2.2°C) significantly higher than samples stored in ice for 7 days for odor and flavor, and overall mean after cooking. There was no significant difference between raw samples held 7 days in ice and 19-day-old chillpack samples. Total plate counts increased more rapidly in ice pack samples than chillpack samples.

Electronic Resource

1749-6632

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Natural Sciences in General

Electronic Resource

1747-6593

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

A simple rapid method for determining total coliforms and Escherichia coli in drinking water was evaluated in a preliminary pilot-scale study at three independent laboratories by comparison with the standard membrane filtration technique. No significant difference was found between the two methods.The method is based on defined substrate technology. It gives confirmed results within 24 h and requires only limited equipment. It was considered particularly suitable for weekend and emergency use and for on-site testing at remote sampling points.

Electronic Resource

0197-3975

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Geography

Sociology

Electronic Resource

1439-0264

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

The ringed seal (Phoca hispida), as well as other seals, exhibit some unique anatomical properties when compared to their terrestrial counterparts. In the ringed seal, the most conspicuous adaptation is the aortic bulb, a large dilatation of the ascending aorta, which is comparable to that found in other seal species and marine mammals. Coronary arteries are similar to those of terrestrial mammals. The branches of the ascending aorta (brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery) are similar to those of higher primates and man. The pulmonary trunk originates from the right ventricle near the ventral midline of the thorax. The peculiarities of the venous system are three pulmonary veins, a pericardial venous plexus, a caval sphincter, a hepatic sinus with paired caudal vena cavae and a large extradural venous system. Generally, three pulmonary veins (right, left, middle) empty into the left atrium. The right and left pulmonary veins drain the cranial and middle lung lobes of their respective lung, while the middle pulmonary vein drains both caudal lung lobes and the accessory lobe. The pericardial venous plexus lies on the pericardial pleura on the auricular (ventral) surface the heart. The azygous vein is formed from the union of right and left azygous veins near the 5th thoracic vertebra. The caval sphincter surrounds the caudal vena cava as it passes through the diaphragm. Caudal to the diaphragm, the vena cava is dilated excessively (the hepatic sinus) and near the kidneys it is biphid. Cardiovascular physiological studies have shown some of these anatomical variations, especially of the venous system and the ascending aorta, to be modifications for diving.

Electronic Resource