Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:R. Rajan)

2014-05-17

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; *Bone Development ; *Calcification, Physiologic ; Carbon Isotopes ; Extracellular Matrix/chemistry ; Growth Plate/growth & development ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular/*methods ; Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose/*analysis ; Sheep

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1745-6592

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Geosciences

The diffusion of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (TMP) and 2,2,5-trimethylhexane (TMH) vapors put of residually contaminated sandy soil from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) field research site at Traverse City, Michigan, was measured and modeled. The headspace of an intact core sleeve sample was swept with nitrogen gas to simulate the diffusive release of hydrocarbon vapors from residual aviation gasoline in and immediately above the capillary fringe to a soil-venting air flow in the unsaturated zone. The resulting steady-state profile was modeled using existing diffusivity and air porosity estimates in a balance of diffusive flux and a first order source term. The source strength, which was calibrated with the observed flux of 2,2,4-TMP leaving the sleeve, varied with the residual gasoline remaining in the core, but was independent of the headspace sweep flow rate. This finding suggested that lower soil-venting air flow rates were in principle as effective as higher air flow rates in venting LNAPL vapors from contaminated soils. The saturated vapor concentration ratio of 2,2,4-TMP to 2,2,5-TMH decreased from 6.6 to 3.5 over the duration of the experiments in an expression of distillation effects. The vertical profile model was tested against sample port data in four separate experiments for both species, yielding mean errors ranging from 0 to—24 percent in magnitude.

Electronic Resource

1365-2222

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract. The effect has been investigated of local administration of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) on cell numbers of nasal epithelial metachromatic cell (NMC) sub-populations. Twenty-one patients with perennial allergic rhinitis were studied in four groups according to the duration of treatment or after treatment with BDP. Nasal scrapings were taken after 1 week (Group 1) or 2 weeks (Group 2) of BDP treatment, or after discontinuing BDP for 1 week (Group 3) or 2 weeks (Group 4). Cells were fixed with Mota's lead acetate or 10% buffered formalin followed by toluidine blue staining to count the number of NMC and to classify these according to morphological subtypes (basophils or mast cells). Formalin-sensitive mast cells and basophils in nasal scrapings were reduced more than formalin-resistant mast cells with BDP treatment. Formalin-sensitive mast cells were also more prompt to recover from BDP than formalin-resistant mast cells. The results suggest that the formalin-sensitive NMC is a sub-population of cells which responds to BDP treatment in allergic rhinitis.

Electronic Resource

1440-1681

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

1. Restricted cochlear lesions in adult animals result in a reorganization of auditory cortex such that the cortical region deprived of its normal input by the lesion is occupied by expanded representations of adjacent cochlear loci (and thus of the frequencies represented at those loci). Analogous injury-induced reorganization is seen in somatosensory, visual and motor cortices of adult animals after restricted peripheral lesions.2. Rather than constituting a central compensation for the peripheral loss, such reorganization appears to be an extreme form of changes in cortical organization that occur as a consequence of altered patterns of input such as arise from differential use of restricted regions of receptor surfaces (‘userelated’ reorganization). Thus, the frequency organization of auditory cortex is modified in animals trained to perform a frequency discrimination task and analogous changes in the frequency selectivity of cortical neurons are produced by classical conditioning procedures.3. Recent evidence from the visual system suggests that changes similar to those involved in injury- and use-related cortical reorganization may underlie some forms of what has been called ‘perceptual learning', the improvement in sensory/ perceptual discriminative performance with practice. Some forms of such learning are highly specific to the particular stimuli used in training (i.e. do not generalize to other stimuli), suggesting that the improved performance reflects a change in neural circuitry at a relatively early level of sensory processing. The limited available evidence supports the occurrence of such learning in the auditory system.4. Recent studies using functional imaging and related techniques indicate that injury- and use-related reorganization occurs in human sensory and motor cortex.

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] The particles were collected by an inertial impaction collector attached to a NASA U-2 aircraft flown at 20km. The collector consisted of a 20-cm2 oil-coated collection surface which was rammed through ambient air at the aircraft's cruise speed of 200 m s'. With the exception of aluminium oxide, a ...

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] New techniques considerably extend the usefulness of meteoritic minerals in the study of the composition of prehistoric cosmic ...

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] Fossil tracks in several silicate crystals present in the dark phases of gas-rich meteorites (Kapoeta and others) show that they were irradiated at low temperatures as individuals in a very low density atmosphere by corpuscular radiation of cosmic ...

Electronic Resource

0019-1035

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Physics

Electronic Resource

0022-2364

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Physics

Electronic Resource

0039-128X

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Medicine

Electronic Resource

0022-4731

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

0039-128X

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Medicine

Electronic Resource

0039-128X

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Medicine

Electronic Resource

0039-128X

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1435-8921

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Economics

Abstract In this paper, we provide a coalitional alternative to the perfectly competitive and purely non-cooperative assumptions commonly employed in the modelling of commodity markets. These assumptions of perfect competition or pure non-cooperation are usually imposed exogenously without providing an economic basis for assuming why firms that could stand to gain by cooperating would not in fact do so. Three behavioral rules embodied in three different cooperative games are discussed in this paper and a methodology for predicting the coalition structures that would result from each of these is offered. By applying these games to the US copper industry of the 1970's, we show that the theory of games can be profitably employed in conjunction with the traditional “institutional approach” of industrial organization to yield useful economic predictions.

Electronic Resource

0031-8914

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Physics

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] The enstatite chondrites are characterized by an assemblage of highly reduced mineral phases5"7. Elements which are predominantly lithophile in other chondrite groups, display in enstatite chondrites, chalcophilic or siderophilic properties. Part of the Si is present in solid solution in the metal ...

Electronic Resource

1432-2099

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Physics

Abstract Mouse spermatogonial germ cells are highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. Lithium salts are reported to stimulate the postirradiation recovery of hematopoietic marrow cells. We have, therefore, examined whether administered lithium chloride (LiCl) would also be able to protect the mouse germinal cells against radiation injury. Taking DNA synthesis as an endpoint, our results show that the testicular DNA-specific activity in irradiated mice was higher by 61% on average when they had been pretreated with LiCl both 24 h and 1 h prior to γ-irradiation (2.0 Gy). It was also observed that the DNA synthetic activity in the germinal cells fully recovered after LiCl pretreatment at doses of 40 mg per kg body weight prior to total body irradiation of 0.05–0.25 Gy, whereas at doses of 0.5–6.0 Gy, following the same procedure of LiCl pretreatment, only an incomplete recovery was observed. The dose reduction factor for LiCl is 1.84. The current findings indicate that pretreatment with LiCl provides considerable protection against radiation damage in mouse spermatogonia.

Electronic Resource

1573-4935

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource