Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:R. Gibbons)
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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressR. N. Kettleborough ; E. M. Busch-Nentwich ; S. A. Harvey ; C. M. Dooley ; E. de Bruijn ; F. van Eeden ; I. Sealy ; R. J. White ; C. Herd ; I. J. Nijman ; F. Fenyes ; S. Mehroke ; C. Scahill ; R. Gibbons ; N. Wali ; S. Carruthers ; A. Hall ; J. Yen ; E. Cuppen ; D. L. Stemple
Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
Published 2013Staff ViewPublication Date: 2013-04-19Publisher: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Print ISSN: 0028-0836Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Exome/genetics ; Female ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Genome/*genetics ; Genomics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Mutagenesis ; Mutation/genetics ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Zebrafish/*genetics/physiology ; Zebrafish Proteins/*genetics/metabolismPublished by: -
2Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1471-0528Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
3Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1471-0528Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
4Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1749-6632Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: Natural Sciences in GeneralType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
5Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1600-0765Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: A reduction in epithelial cell Fibronectin associated with elevated salivary protease activity is thought to account for the enhanced adhesion and colonization of gram-negative bacilli in seriously ill patients. Enzymes capable of degrading Fibronectin were therefore sought in whole human saliva. When plasma fibronectin was labeled with 3H-formaldehyde and incubated with whole saliva, trichloracetic acid-soluble radiolabeled peptides were produced. Competition experiments indicated that the radiolabeling did not alter the susceptiblity of the Fibronectin to the salivary proteases. Whole saliva also possessed hide powder-degrading activity, but parotid or submaxillary secretions did not contain detectable levels of either activity. The levels of fibronectin- and hide powder-degrading activities in whole saliva correlated with the state of oral cleanliness of the individuals studied, as reflected by the cellular elements present in their saliva. Also, strains of certain bacteria prominent in dental plaque produced enzymes which degraded fibronectin. Therefore. alterations in oral cleanliness may contribute to the rapid fluctuations in salivary proteases and epithelial cell fibronectin which underly the unusual susceptiblity of acutely-ill patients to colonization by gram-negative bacilli.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
6Articles: DFG German National LicensesPeros, W. J. ; Etherden, I. ; Gibbons, R. J. ; Skobe, Z.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1985Staff ViewISSN: 1600-0765Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: The effect of growth in the presence of sublethal concentrations of tetracycline on the extent of fimbriation and surface hydrophobicity of strains of Actinomyces viscosus and Bacteroides gingivalis, two species frequently isolated from patients with rapidly progressing periodontitis, was determined. Negatively-stained cells of A. viscosus strains LY7 and S2 and B. gingivalis strain 381 showed a dramatic reduction in the number of fimbriae on their surface when grown in the presence of 50% of the minimum inhibitory concentration of tetracycline as compared to untreated controls. Similar observations were made with fixed, lanthanum-stained thin sections. In addition to long fimbriae, the A. viscosus strains possessed stubby, densely staining tufts on their surface which were not affected by tetracycline. The hydrophobicity of antibiotic-grown A. viscosus and B. gingivalis cells was also found to be significantly reduced. The decrease in fimbriation and surface hydrophobicity of A. viscosus and B. gingivalis when grown in the presence of low concentrations of tetracycline may explain their reduced ability to attach to experimental pellicles. These observations suggest that part of the efficacy of tetracycline therapy for destructive forms of periodontal diseases may be mediated by an alteration of the adhesive properties of subgingival bacteria which affected their colonization.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1600-0765Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: The present investigation explored the hypothesis that elevated levels of certain enzymes in the gingival crevicular environment of individuals with poor oral hygiene and/or gingival inflammation may modify the surfaces of epithelial cells and thereby modulate the types of bacteria which attach and colonize. Buccal epithelial cells treated with neuraminidase and certain proteases were used as a model for study. Bacteria studied included Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mitis which have been associated with gingival health, Actinomyces species which are increased in plaque associated with developing gingivitis, and Bacteroides gingivalis, Bacteraides intermedius, and Actinobacillus actinomy-cetemcomitans which are associated with destructive periodontal diseases. Treatment of epithelial cells with the enzymes studied produced selective effects on their receptivity for bacteria. Neuraminidase treatment of epithelial cells greatly reduced the attachment of all strains of S. sanguis and S. mitis studied. In contrast, the number of Actinomyces viscosus, A. naeslundii and A. israelii cells which attached was significantly increased. Neuraminidase treatment also appeared to enhance attachment of B. intermedius and B. gingivalis. Treatment of buccal cells with trypsin, chymotrypsin or papain also selectively affected bacterial attachment. Such protease treatment greatly reduced the numbers of streptococci and A. viscosus cells which attached, while the numbers of B. gingivalis and B. intermedius were significantly increased. Treatment of epithelial cells with preparations of lysosomal enzymes derived from human PMNs produced similar selective effects. The changes in bacterial adhesion observed by the enzyme treatments studied are consistent with the shifts in the composition of the gingival crevice flora which occur when oral hygiene is terminated and gingivitis develops.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1600-0765Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: The purpose of the present study was to determine if there were differences in the quantity of accessible sialic acid on superficial epithelial cells collected from different areas of the mouth, and from healthy subjects with good oral hygiene, as compared to subjects with gingivitis. Superficial epithelial cells were collected by gently scraping the tongue dorsum, hard palate, free gingiva and buccal epithelium. The cells were washed and treated with clostridial neuraminidase to release accessible sialic acid; this was quantitated using a fluorometric assay. Buccal cells released an average of 62.6 ng sialic acid per 10000 cells, which was nearly 3-fold more than cells from the hard palate (24.1 ng), free gingiva (21.9 ng), or tongue (15.4 ng). Buccal and free gingival cells collected from 5 healthy subjects had significantly higher levels of accessible sialic acid on their surface than cells collected from 5 subjects with gingivitis. These differences were significant at the p 〈 0.001 and p 〈 0.01 levels, respectively. The data obtained suggest that the oral hygiene status of an individual can influence the quantity of accessible sialic acid residues on oral epithelium; this would be expected to influence the attachment and colonization of bacteria which bind to sialic acid-containing receptors.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesGibbons, R M ; Furness, P N ; Critchley, D R
Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1999Staff ViewISSN: 1365-2559Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
10Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0005-7916Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: PsychologyType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
11Articles: DFG German National LicensesWhite, R. S. ; Dayton, B. ; Gibbons, R. ; Long, J. L. ; Zanrosso, E. M. ; Zych, A. D.
[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
Published 1980Staff ViewISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] The University of California UCR Compton double scatter y-ray telescope measures the energy of the incident y ray and its scatter angle in the first scintillator. The method of detection, efficiencies and time, angle and energy resolutions have been described previously2,3. Vertical pairs of cells, ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
12Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] The B substances in the AB materials isolated from three cyst fluids obtained from 'secretors' belonging to group A1B behaved as did the selected mucoid materials mentioned above, and were found to possess negligible activity when tested with natural β-agglutinin but were highly active when tested ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
13Articles: DFG German National LicensesRUTTER, J. M. ; BURROWS, M. R. ; SELLWOOD, R. ; GIBBONS, R. A.
[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
Published 1975Staff ViewISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] Thus, it seems reasonable to postulate that K88-positive bacteria colonise the gut of 'adhesive' pigs more readily than the gut of 'non-adhesive' pigs, and that 'adhesive' animals are more likely to be susceptible to neonatal diarrhoea caused by these strains. To investigate this possibility, five ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
14Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] There is evidence to suggest that the infectious disease scrapie is caused by an agent which does not depend on a nucleic acid for its ability to replicate. In the first of the two following articles it is suggested that scrapie can best be considered to arise from a replicable change in the ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
15Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] IT seems desirable to attempt to clarify the concept of polydispersity in biological macromolecular preparations. The term 'polydisperse' has often been used as a synonym for heterogeneous; nevertheless there is a general sense, as a rule, that the former implies a less-impure preparation than the ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
16Articles: DFG German National LicensesREID, LYNNE ; McCARTHY, C. ; DUVENCI, JALE ; GIBBONS, R. A.
[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
Published 1962Staff ViewISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] An important component is acid mucopolysac-charide which can be detected by its staining blue in a combined alcian blue/periodic acid-Schiff stain (AB/PAS)1. Two types of acid mucopolysaccharide can be traced. If two consecutive sections are stained by AB/PAS, one after digestion with ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
17Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] In spite of this diversity, and although many of the factors which have been varied are known to affect the swimming-rate of sperm, results have been sufficiently similar for a value of 100 pi/sec, to be regarded as a good approximation to the 'normal' velocity. This value has been used in order to ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
18Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] It has been suggested that spermatozoa in cervical mucus would swim preferentially in the direction in which molecules were aligned. To test this possibility, threads of bovine cestrous mucus were drawn out with platinum hooks on to the central part of slides with parallel grooves of the type ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
19Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] Our present experiments indicate that probably it is the last of these factors which is the most important. We have carried out experiments on the effects of varying the pH. of simple saline/phosphate mixtures on the swimming-rate and survival of bull sperm. In the majority of individual ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
20Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] The X-ray count-rate was determined by pulse height analysis of the output from a gas-flow proportional counter filled with argon plus 2-5 per cent carbon dioxide. An essential feature of this counter was the provision of a very thin nitrocellulose entrance window capable of withstanding a pressure ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: