Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:R. Fan)

2018-02-02

The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

1078-0432

1557-3265

Medicine

2018-01-04

Royal Society

2054-5703

Natural Sciences in General

materials science, energy

2015-04-30

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; *Cell Transdifferentiation ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Helminthiasis/immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Nippostrongylus/immunology ; Staphylococcal Infections/immunology ; Staphylococcus aureus/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/*cytology/*immunology ; Th17 Cells/*cytology/*immunology

2018-05-02

The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

1078-0432

1557-3265

Medicine

2018-04-13

BMJ Publishing Group

1351-0711

1470-7926

Medicine

Epidemiology

2013-12-07

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Apoproteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Disulfides/chemistry/metabolism ; GABA-B Receptor Agonists/pharmacology ; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology ; Humans ; Ligands ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein Subunits/chemistry/metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-B/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Substrate Specificity

2018-07-20

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Geosciences

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Cell Biology, Medicine, Diseases

2018-08-21

The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)

0022-1767

1550-6606

Medicine

2018-10-16

The Company of Biologists

0950-1991

1477-9129

Biology

Plant development

2018-04-10

The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)

0022-1767

1550-6606

Medicine

2018-08-24

American Society of Hematology (ASH)

0006-4971

1528-0020

Biology

Medicine

Immunobiology and Immunotherapy, Lymphoid Neoplasia, Clinical Trials and Observations

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

The spontaneous resonance emission of CH3I in high pressures (800–1600 psi) of CH4 and Ar excited in the region of the Rydberg B-state origin (∼201 nm) are reported. These emission spectra consist of narrow Raman-like (RL) and broad fluorescence-like (FL) spectral features. The observed ratio of the Raman/fluorescence intensity in these high pressure solutions is a function of the excitation wavelength as the incident radiation is tuned through the pressure broadened electronic origin band. Molecular dynamics simulations are implemented for the analysis of the observed emission spectral shapes and their excitation frequency dependence. The four-time dipole correlation functions required for the calculation of this nonlinear polarization derived signal are successfully approximated by a product of two two-time dipole correlation functions for these chromophore-bath systems (factorization approximation). The complex emission band shapes and their excitation frequency dependence are captured by this approach. The dispersion in the RL/FL emission redistribution is due to the multiple time scales inherent to the decay of the resonant optical coherence of these pressure-broadened absorptions. The wavelength dependent pure-dephasing rate is determined by the nonlinear shape of the solute–solvent difference potential. The observational time scale dependence of the spectroscopic homogeneous and inhomogeneous line broadening labels is clearly demonstrated and contrasted here for absorption and Raman scattering. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

The observed electronic line broadening of the X→B (6s Rydberg) absorption spectrum of CH3I vapor in moderate to high pressures (55–140 atm, reduced densities ∼0.08–0.14) of Ar and CH4 is analyzed via molecular dynamics simulations. Good fits to the absorption line shapes are found in this pressure/density range for a given set of ground and excited state solute–solvent potential parameters in the static limit, i.e., the absorption linewidths and shapes are dominated by inhomogeneous broadening on the time scale of the decay of the dipole correlation function. The pressure dependence of these absorption line shape changes is explained in terms of the shape of the solute–solvent ground-excited state difference potential. Consistent with the static limit description at these moderate to high pressures, the corresponding transition energy correlation function, a quantity of central importance in stochastic and Brownian oscillator line shape theories, decays on a much longer time scale than the inverse absorption widths. At moderate to high pressures, simulations find relatively long-lived solvent clusters surrounding the CH3I solute. The slow decay of the energy correlation functions, and hence the validity of the static approximation, is attributed to these cluster dynamical time scales. At bath pressures lower than observed here, MD simulations reveal that the static limit is no longer valid and satellite bands, due to an underdamped solvent response, are found. The evolution of a Gaussian optical line shape at higher densities is discussed with respect to the difference potential shape, the number density, and the central limit theorem. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

A density matrix treatment of the time evolution of the third order polarization response describing the optical heterodyne detected (OHD) transient birefringence and dichroism excited by ultrafast pulses is given. The relationship between frequency domain (Raman scattering) and time domain (pump–probe) spectroscopies is revealed by this pathway explicit description. Constructive and destructive interferences between time evolution density matrix pathways account for the respective strong birefringent and weak dichroic ground state nuclear response when the pulses are electronically nonresonant. However, for electronically resonant chromophores, the dichroic response is larger than the corresponding birefringent response due to constructive and destructive interferences respectively between density matrix time evolution histories. No such interferences contribute to spontaneous Raman scattering. The relative magnitude of the resonant dichroic and birefringent responses is pulse width dependent in the fast pulse limit and dependent on the relative rates of optical dephasing and ground state nuclear motion in the rapid optical dephasing limit. The spatial interpretation of the ground and excited state OHD polarization responses is given within the context of this polarization approach and the familiar Maker–Terhune notation. These relationships between time and frequency domain spectroscopies are illustrated by the observed OHD birefringence and dichroism and the spontaneous Raman spectra of both a nonresonant liquid (chloroform) and a resonant solution (I2 in n-hexane).

Electronic Resource

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

The polarization of the resonance fluorescence of symmetric top rigid rotors is described by a third-order density matrix treatment of resonance emission and a sum-over-all-rovibronic states scattering-tensor invariant framework. Within this theoretical approach the resonance fluorescence depolarization is a function of the excited electronic state population and rovibronic coherence decay rates, as well as the electronic absorption/emission line shapes. This description of the depolarization of resonance fluorescence is contrasted with that of resonance Raman in terms of angular momentum selection rules and dependence on material relaxation parameters. In contrast to resonance Raman emission in solution, the accompanying resonance fluorescence polarization is found to be most sensitive to the resonant excited state lifetime when this population decay time is of the order or less than rotational periods. These effects are demonstrated for excitation resonant with the B-state origin of CH3I vapor in high pressures of CH4 and CO2. The solute–solvent interaction responsible for the pure dephasing of the resonant optical coherence does not appear to cause orientational redistribution of the excited chromophore, at least on the time scale of the CH3I B-state origin lifetime. The influence of excited electronic B-state rovibrational pure-dephasing effects on the resonance fluorescence polarization measurements are discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7666

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The propagation of plasmoids (neutralized ion beams) in a vacuum transverse-magnetic field has been studied in the University of California, Irvine laboratory for several years [Phys. Fluids 24, 739 (1981); 25, 730, 2353 (1982); 26, 2276 (1983); J. Appl. Phys. 64, 73 (1988)]. These experiments have confirmed that the plasmoid propagates by the E×B drift in a low beta and high beta plasmoid beam (0.01〈β〈300), where β is the ratio of beam kinetic energy to magnetic field energy. The polarization electric field E arises from the opposite deflection of the plasmoid ions and electrons, because of the Lorentz force, and allows the plasmoid to propagate undeflected at essentially the initial plasmoid velocity. In these experiments, plasmoids (150 keV, 5 kA, 50–100 A/cm2 , 1 μ sec) were injected into transverse fields of Bt=0–400 G. Anomalously fast penetration of the transverse magnetic field has been observed as in the "Porcupine'' experiments [J. Geophys. Res. 91, 10,183 (1987)]. The most recent experiments are aimed at studying the plasmoid propagation dynamics and losses in the presence of a background, magnetized plasma which is intended to short the induced polarization electric field and stop the beam. Background plasma was generated by TiH4 plasma guns fired along Bt to produce a plasma density, np =1012 −1014 cm−3 . Preliminary results indicate that the beam propagation losses increase with the background plasma density; compared to vacuum propagation, roughly a 50% reduction in ion current density was noted 70 cm downstream from the anode for np∼1013 cm−3 . Principal diagnostics include magnetically insulated Faraday cups, floating potential probes, calorimeters, microwave interferometer, and thermal-witness paper.

Electronic Resource

0022-1139

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

1435-702X

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Silicone oil (1000 and 12500 cs) and fluorosilicone oil (1000 and 10000 cs) were dyed red and injected into a gas-created space in the vitreous cavity of 51 rabbit eyes. Later the oils were removed from the vitreous cavity either by lavage with balanced salt solution (group 1, 27 eyes) or by injecting a sodium hyaluronate solution, followed by lavage with balanced salt solution (group 2, 24 eyes). The average amount of oil retained in the vitreous cavity in group 1 was 0.0675 ml, and occasionally a large amount of oil was found (more than 0.1 ml in 30% of eyes). The average amount of oil retained in group 2 was 0.0114 ml, and no eye retained more than 0.1 ml of oil. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p 〈 0.02), but there was no significant difference in oil retention within either group between the different kinds of oils, or between different viscosities of oil. The data suggest that residual oil can persist in the vitreous cavity despite thorough lavage, and that removal of silicone oil with the use of a sodium hyaluronate solution significantly lowers the risk of a large amount of residual silicone oil that is occasionally seen with conventional removal methods.

Electronic Resource

0040-4039

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

1433-0490

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Computer Science

Abstract We derive here a lower bound on the number of edgesf(c, d) that one must remove from a depth-d complete binary tree in order to partition the tree intoc equal size pieces (to within rounding). We show that for the sequence of integersc l = def 3× 2 l $$f\left( {c_l ,d} \right) \geqslant \frac{{c_l }}{{16}}\left( {d - 2l - {{19} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{19} 6}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 6}} \right)$$ . We then apply this bound to a graph-embedding problem related to the design of fault-tolerant VLSI processor arrays. An earlier study has exhibited a fault-tolerant implementation of arbitrary binary trees, using a particular design strategy. We show here that that implementation is optimal in area consumption (to within constant factors) among designs using that strategy, even when the array to be simulated must have the structure of acomplete binary tree.

Electronic Resource