Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:P. J. Gough)

2014-09-05

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; *Apoptosis/drug effects ; Caspase 8/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Epithelial Cells/*cytology/drug effects/*metabolism/pathology ; Epithelium/drug effects/*metabolism/pathology ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; *Homeostasis/drug effects ; Inflammation/metabolism/pathology ; Intestines/*cytology/drug effects/*metabolism/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/deficiency ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Necrosis ; Organoids/cytology/drug effects/enzymology/metabolism ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine ; Kinases/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/deficiency ; Survival Analysis ; Tumor Necrosis Factors/pharmacology

2018-11-30

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Geosciences

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1095-8649

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

An examination of data on both water quality in the Thames Estuary and on the count of salmon. Salmo salar L. trapped in fresh water above the head of the tide in 1982–1989, was carried out to establish statistical correlations. The annual and monthly return of salmon as 1-sea-winter fish (grilse) in June to September was negatively correlated with water temperature, a nil catch being associated with a maximum value of 24.2° C, coupled with lower values maintained over substantial lengths of the estuary (e.g. 21.5° C over a distance of no more than 50 km). The annual return was negatively related to the extent to which the estuary was predicted to be lethal from the combination of low concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) and high temperature, a reduction in DO of 1 mg 1 1 being equivalent to an increase in temperature of 4° C. The annual return for the whole year was directly related to the return in July to September. Depending upon the year, the monthly returns were related to both DO and temperature; they were reduced to a tenth at a 95 percentile DO of 2.7 mg 1 1, whilst the weekly catches were reduced to zero at 2.4 mg 1−1. Weekly catches increased with river flow and daily catches increased with both river flow and tidal height. The few mortalities observed in the estuary in July are generally related to the quality of the water as predicted from the combination of high temperature and low DO.

Electronic Resource

1095-8649

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

An improvement in water quality in the estuary of the River Thames in recent years, coupled with the return of adult Atlantic salmon following artificial stocking of the headwaters with parr and of the lower river with smolts, has provided an opportunity to define the dissolved oxygen requirements of adult fish ascending the estuary to reach fresh water. Between July and September 1984 the fish traversed a length of 30 km where the concentration of dissolved oxygen was at its lowest, the 5-percentile and median values being 1.6–2.6 and 3.5–5.9 mg l−1, respectively, depending upon exact location. Within this zone there was a length of about 20 km in which the minimum at any one time during the period was always less than 5mg l−1 and a shorter length of 15 km in which it was always less than 4.7 mg l−1, and it is likely that some fish experienced even lower values during their upstream passage. Over lengths of 1, 10 and 30 km, for example, the 10-percentiles were 2, 2.2 and 2.8 mg l−1, respectively, the medians were 3.6, 3.8 and 4.3 mg l−1, respectively and the 90-percentiles were 4.8, 4.9 and 5.3 mg l−, respectively. The water temperature during August, when most of the fish were caught, was never lower than 19°C and there was a length of estuary of at least 20 km where it exceeded 22°C.

Electronic Resource

1095-8649

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

A total of 56 salmon was tagged in the Usk estuary using combined acoustic and radio tags. Those fish migrating within the estuary oscillated with the tide over c. 10 km, being towards the seaward end at low water and moving upstream on the flood tide. Fish migrating through the estuary moved upstream on the flood tide and stemmed displacement downstream during the ebb. These findings, together with information on the hydrodynamics of the estuary, indicate that the fish utilize tidal currents to migrate passively in their preferred direction.

Electronic Resource