Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:P. Hou)

2018-05-15

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

2045-2322

Natural Sciences in General

2013-07-23

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Cadherins/genetics ; Cell Engineering/*methods ; Cellular Reprogramming/*drug effects/genetics ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects/genetics ; Fibroblasts/cytology/*drug effects ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/drug effects ; Small Molecule Libraries/chemistry/*pharmacology

2018-05-05

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

2375-2548

Natural Sciences in General

1750-3841

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

: Seven potential variables, pretreatment temperature, pretreatment time, concentration of OH−, concentration of H+, extraction temperature, extraction time, and skin/water ratio, were investigated by a 27-3 fractional factorial design to identify critical control factors for pollock skin gelatin extraction, and 3 responses, yield, gel strength, and viscosity, were evaluated. The results suggest that 4 variables, pretreatment temperature, concentration of OH−, concentration of H+, and extraction temperature, have significant effects on gelatin extraction, and these key factors were then selected for the subsequent optimization using response surface methodology with a 4-factor, 5-level central composite rotatable design. It suggests that a concentration of OH− at 0.25 mol/L, a concentration of H+ at 0.09 mol/L, a pretreatment temperature at 2°C, and an extraction temperature at 50°C, will give the highest values for the 3 responses. The predicted responses for these extraction conditions are that the yield will be 18%, gel strength will be 460 g, and viscosity will be 6.2 c P.

Electronic Resource

1471-0528

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

0034-5687

Allometry ; Body mass ; Growth ; Heart frequency ; Hematocrit ; Hemoglobin concentration ; Red blood cell

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Medicine

Electronic Resource

0257-8972

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Physics

Electronic Resource

0165-4608

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Medicine

Electronic Resource

0165-4608

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1573-4889

alumina scales ; stresses ; strains ; fluorescence ; Raman spectroscopy

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Abstract By exploiting the strain dependence of the ruby luminescence line, we have measured room-temperature residual strains in thermally-grown alumina scales. Measurements were made on two alloys Fe-5Cr-28Al and Fe-18Cr 10Al (at.% bal. Fe), oxidized between 300–1300°C. Significantly different levels of strain buildup were observed in scales on these alloys. Results on similar alloys containing a dilute reactive element (RE) are also presented. Scales formed on RE-containing alloys (Zr or Hf) could support significantly higher strains at T ≥ 1000°C. Strain relief associated with spallation thresholds is readily observed. In early-stage oxidation, the evolution of transition phases is monitored using Raman and fluorescence spectroscopies. The fluorescence technique also provides a sensitive probe of early-stage formation of α-Al2O3. It appears that, in the presence of Cr2O3 or Fe2O3, the α-phase of Al2O3 can form at anomalously low temperatures.

Electronic Resource

1573-4889

ADHESION ; INTERFACE ; SULFUR ; REACTIVE ELEMENT

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Abstract The addition of reactive elements (REs) is knownto increase the adherence of Al2O3scales and the underlying alloys. A widely acceptedmechanism is that the REs getter the sulfur impurity inthe alloy, thus preventing it from segregating to thescale-alloy interface to weaken the interfacial bonding.This paper provides evidence showing that not all S-freeinterfaces are strong. Although eliminating the sulfur in the alloy can greatly improve scaleadhesion, the presence of RE clearly has additionalbeneficial effects that make the scale-alloy interfaceeven stronger. Fe3Al-base alloys, with orwithout Zr additions or a desulfurizationH2-anneal were oxidized at 1000°C inO2. The amount of sulfur at theAl2O3-alloy interface was studiedafter the scales were removed by scratching with adiamond stylus in ultra-high vacuum using Augerspectroscopy. The interface composition was related tothe spallation resistance of the scale.

Electronic Resource

1573-4889

Parabolic oxidation ; diffusion ; defects ; Ni-Co alloys

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Abstract The growth of oxide solid solutions on binary alloys has been described using the ternary diffusion model put forward by Wagner and subsequently modified by Dalvi and Coates and Bastow, Whittle, and Wood. A more refined defect model where the presence of all types of vacancy species within the scales is considered has been adapted to obtain the diffusivities of cations in the scales as a function of oxygen potential and cation composition. In addition, correlation effects on cation jump frequencies have been included to account for additional compositional dependence of the diffusivities. Results have been analyzed for oxidation of Ni-Co to (Ni, Co)O at 1273°K in 1 atm oxygen. Improved agreement between calculated and experimental cation concentration profiles indicates that this approach is better than to arbitrarily assign functional forms to the compositional and oxygen activity dependencies of the diffusivities, and demonstrates that an accurate as possible model for the point defect structure of the oxide is required for correct interpretation of the growth of these solid solution types of scales.

Electronic Resource

1573-4889

reactive element effect ; ion-implantation ; Cr2O3 scale

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Abstract The oxidation behavior of aluminum-implanted Ni-25Cr and Ni-25Cr containing 1 wt.% Al has been studied at 1000°C and 1100°C in oxygen. As did Y alloying addition or Y-implantation, 1 wt.% Al added to Ni-25Cr prevented nodular formation of Ni-containing oxides, improved spalling resistance of the scale upon cooling to a similar degree, and eliminated the formation of large voids between the alloy and the scale at the oxidation temperature. However, the Al addition did not alter the rate of growth of the Cr2O3 scale, nor did it change the growth direction. Al-implantation produced no effect even when the maximum concentration and depth of penetration were adjusted to be identical with those of the yttrium in the Y-implanted alloy. The implications of these results concerning the reactive element effect are discussed.

Electronic Resource

1573-4889

silicon ; internal oxidation ; Cr2O3, reactive-element effect

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Abstract Internal oxidation pretreatments carried out in quartz capsule with a Rhines pack were found to have a profound effect on the subsequent oxidation behavior of alloys. Specimens of Co-15 wt.% Cr, Co-25 wt.% Cr, Ni-25 wt.% Cr, and Ni-25 wt.% Cr-1 wt.% Al were tested at 1100°C after pre-oxidation treatments. Even without the development of internal oxide particles, pretreated binary CoCr and NiCr alloys oxidized with significantly lower rates. Selective oxidation of chromium was observed on the non-Cr2O3-forming Co-base alloys, whereas on the Cr2O3-forming Ni-base alloys, elimination of base-metal oxide, reduction in the Cr2O3 growth rate, and better scale adhesion were found. These effects were more apparent with pre-oxidation temperatures greater than 1000°C and with longer pretreatment times. Contaimination of Si from the quartz is believed to be the cause.

Electronic Resource

1573-4889

Reactive element additions ; ion implantation ; selective chromium oxidation

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Abstract Specimens of Co-25 wt.% Cr, Co-25 wt.% Cr-1 wt.% Y, and yttriumimplanted Co-25 wt.% Cr alloy were oxidized at 1000°C in 1 atm O2. The implantation dosage ranged between 1016 to 1018 ions/cm2. The unimplanted binary alloy oxidized to a duplex Co-rich scale, but the Y-containing ternary alloy formed a continuous Cr2O3 layer. When the implantation dosages were lower than a nominal 1018 ions/cm2, the alloy failed to develop a similar continuous Cr2O3 layer as that observed with the Y-containing alloy. A temporarily stable external Cr2O3 scale was formed on the most heavily implanted specimen (1×1018 Y+/cm2). This Cr2O3 scale consisted of very fine-grained oxide, which is permeable to the outward transport of Cr and Co. Internal oxidation pretreatment of the ion-implanted specimens converting the Y metal to its oxide prior to the oxidation experiment, can enhance the development of an external Cr2O3 scale, but this scale is also unstable. Results suggest that the selective oxidation of chromium in an ordinarily non-Cr2O3 -forming alloy can be due to the reactive element oxides acting as preferential nucleation sites on the alloy surfaces, but the subsequent growth of these scales may require a continuous supply of reactive elements in the alloy.

Electronic Resource

1573-4811

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Electronic Resource