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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressC. R. Webster ; P. R. Mahaffy ; G. J. Flesch ; P. B. Niles ; J. H. Jones ; L. A. Leshin ; S. K. Atreya ; J. C. Stern ; L. E. Christensen ; T. Owen ; H. Franz ; R. O. Pepin ; A. Steele ; C. Achilles ; C. Agard ; J. A. Alves Verdasca ; R. Anderson ; D. Archer ; C. Armiens-Aparicio ; R. Arvidson ; E. Atlaskin ; A. Aubrey ; B. Baker ; M. Baker ; T. Balic-Zunic ; D. Baratoux ; J. Baroukh ; B. Barraclough ; K. Bean ; L. Beegle ; A. Behar ; J. Bell ; S. Bender ; M. Benna ; J. Bentz ; G. Berger ; J. Berger ; D. Berman ; D. Bish ; D. F. Blake ; J. J. Blanco Avalos ; D. Blaney ; J. Blank ; H. Blau ; L. Bleacher ; E. Boehm ; O. Botta ; S. Bottcher ; T. Boucher ; H. Bower ; N. Boyd ; B. Boynton ; E. Breves ; J. Bridges ; N. Bridges ; W. Brinckerhoff ; D. Brinza ; T. Bristow ; C. Brunet ; A. Brunner ; W. Brunner ; A. Buch ; M. Bullock ; S. Burmeister ; M. Cabane ; F. Calef ; J. Cameron ; J. Campbell ; B. Cantor ; M. Caplinger ; J. Caride Rodriguez ; M. Carmosino ; I. Carrasco Blazquez ; A. Charpentier ; S. Chipera ; D. Choi ; B. Clark ; S. Clegg ; T. Cleghorn ; E. Cloutis ; G. Cody ; P. Coll ; P. Conrad ; D. Coscia ; A. Cousin ; D. Cremers ; J. Crisp ; A. Cros ; F. Cucinotta ; C. d'Uston ; S. Davis ; M. Day ; M. de la Torre Juarez ; L. DeFlores ; D. DeLapp ; J. DeMarines ; D. DesMarais ; W. Dietrich ; R. Dingler ; C. Donny ; B. Downs ; D. Drake ; G. Dromart ; A. Dupont ; B. Duston ; J. Dworkin ; M. D. Dyar ; L. Edgar ; K. Edgett ; C. Edwards ; L. Edwards ; B. Ehlmann ; B. Ehresmann ; J. Eigenbrode ; B. Elliott ; H. Elliott ; R. Ewing ; C. Fabre ; A. Fairen ; K. Farley ; J. Farmer ; C. Fassett ; L. Favot ; D. Fay ; F. Fedosov ; J. Feldman ; S. Feldman ; M. Fisk ; M. Fitzgibbon ; M. Floyd ; L. Fluckiger ; O. Forni ; A. Fraeman ; R. Francis ; P. Francois ; C. Freissinet ; K. L. French ; J. Frydenvang ; A. Gaboriaud ; M. Gailhanou ; J. Garvin ; O. Gasnault ; C. Geffroy ; R. Gellert ; M. Genzer ; D. Glavin ; A. Godber ; F. Goesmann ; W. Goetz ; D. Golovin ; F. Gomez Gomez ; J. Gomez-Elvira ; B. Gondet ; S. Gordon ; S. Gorevan ; J. Grant ; J. Griffes ; D. Grinspoon ; J. Grotzinger ; P. Guillemot ; J. Guo ; S. Gupta ; S. Guzewich ; R. Haberle ; D. Halleaux ; B. Hallet ; V. Hamilton ; C. Hardgrove ; D. Harker ; D. Harpold ; A. M. Harri ; K. Harshman ; D. Hassler ; H. Haukka ; A. Hayes ; K. Herkenhoff ; P. Herrera ; S. Hettrich ; E. Heydari ; V. Hipkin ; T. Hoehler ; J. Hollingsworth ; J. Hudgins ; W. Huntress ; J. Hurowitz ; S. Hviid ; K. Iagnemma ; S. Indyk ; G. Israel ; R. Jackson ; S. Jacob ; B. Jakosky ; E. Jensen ; J. K. Jensen ; J. Johnson ; M. Johnson ; S. Johnstone ; A. Jones ; J. Joseph ; I. Jun ; L. Kah ; H. Kahanpaa ; M. Kahre ; N. Karpushkina ; W. Kasprzak ; J. Kauhanen ; L. Keely ; O. Kemppinen ; D. Keymeulen ; M. H. Kim ; K. Kinch ; P. King ; L. Kirkland ; G. Kocurek ; A. Koefoed ; J. Kohler ; O. Kortmann ; A. Kozyrev ; J. Krezoski ; D. Krysak ; R. Kuzmin ; J. L. Lacour ; V. Lafaille ; Y. Langevin ; N. Lanza ; J. Lasue ; S. Le Mouelic ; E. M. Lee ; Q. M. Lee ; D. Lees ; M. Lefavor ; M. Lemmon ; A. Lepinette Malvitte ; R. Leveille ; E. Lewin-Carpintier ; K. Lewis ; S. Li ; L. Lipkaman ; C. Little ; M. Litvak ; E. Lorigny ; G. Lugmair ; A. Lundberg ; E. Lyness ; M. Madsen ; J. Maki ; A. Malakhov ; C. Malespin ; M. Malin ; N. Mangold ; G. Manhes ; H. Manning ; G. Marchand ; M. Marin Jimenez ; C. Martin Garcia ; D. Martin ; M. Martin ; J. Martinez-Frias ; J. Martin-Soler ; F. J. Martin-Torres ; P. Mauchien ; S. Maurice ; A. McAdam ; E. McCartney ; T. McConnochie ; E. McCullough ; I. McEwan ; C. McKay ; S. McLennan ; S. McNair ; N. Melikechi ; P. Y. Meslin ; M. Meyer ; A. Mezzacappa ; H. Miller ; K. Miller ; R. Milliken ; D. Ming ; M. Minitti ; M. Mischna ; I. Mitrofanov ; J. Moersch ; M. Mokrousov ; A. Molina Jurado ; J. Moores ; L. Mora-Sotomayor ; J. M. Morookian ; R. Morris ; S. Morrison ; R. Mueller-Mellin ; J. P. Muller ; G. Munoz Caro ; M. Nachon ; S. Navarro Lopez ; R. Navarro-Gonzalez ; K. Nealson ; A. Nefian ; T. Nelson ; M. Newcombe ; C. Newman ; H. Newsom ; S. Nikiforov ; B. Nixon ; E. Noe Dobrea ; T. Nolan ; D. Oehler ; A. Ollila ; T. Olson ; M. A. de Pablo Hernandez ; A. Paillet ; E. Pallier ; M. Palucis ; T. Parker ; Y. Parot ; K. Patel ; M. Paton ; G. Paulsen ; A. Pavlov ; B. Pavri ; V. Peinado-Gonzalez ; L. Peret ; R. Perez ; G. Perrett ; J. Peterson ; C. Pilorget ; P. Pinet ; J. Pla-Garcia ; I. Plante ; F. Poitrasson ; J. Polkko ; R. Popa ; L. Posiolova ; A. Posner ; I. Pradler ; B. Prats ; V. Prokhorov ; S. W. Purdy ; E. Raaen ; L. Radziemski ; S. Rafkin ; M. Ramos ; E. Rampe ; F. Raulin ; M. Ravine ; G. Reitz ; N. Renno ; M. Rice ; M. Richardson ; F. Robert ; K. Robertson ; J. A. Rodriguez Manfredi ; J. J. Romeral-Planello ; S. Rowland ; D. Rubin ; M. Saccoccio ; A. Salamon ; J. Sandoval ; A. Sanin ; S. A. Sans Fuentes ; L. Saper ; P. Sarrazin ; V. Sautter ; H. Savijarvi ; J. Schieber ; M. Schmidt ; W. Schmidt ; D. Scholes ; M. Schoppers ; S. Schroder ; S. Schwenzer ; E. Sebastian Martinez ; A. Sengstacken ; R. Shterts ; K. Siebach ; T. Siili ; J. Simmonds ; J. B. Sirven ; S. Slavney ; R. Sletten ; M. Smith ; P. Sobron Sanchez ; N. Spanovich ; J. Spray ; S. Squyres ; K. Stack ; F. Stalport ; T. Stein ; N. Stewart ; S. L. Stipp ; K. Stoiber ; E. Stolper ; B. Sucharski ; R. Sullivan ; R. Summons ; D. Sumner ; V. Sun ; K. Supulver ; B. Sutter ; C. Szopa ; F. Tan ; C. Tate ; S. Teinturier ; I. ten Kate ; P. Thomas ; L. Thompson ; R. Tokar ; M. Toplis ; J. Torres Redondo ; M. Trainer ; A. Treiman ; V. Tretyakov ; R. Urqui-O'Callaghan ; J. Van Beek ; T. Van Beek ; S. VanBommel ; D. Vaniman ; A. Varenikov ; A. Vasavada ; P. Vasconcelos ; E. Vicenzi ; A. Vostrukhin ; M. Voytek ; M. Wadhwa ; J. Ward ; E. Weigle ; D. Wellington ; F. Westall ; R. C. Wiens ; M. B. Wilhelm ; A. Williams ; J. Williams ; R. Williams ; R. B. Williams ; M. Wilson ; R. Wimmer-Schweingruber ; M. Wolff ; M. Wong ; J. Wray ; M. Wu ; C. Yana ; A. Yen ; A. Yingst ; C. Zeitlin ; R. Zimdar ; M. P. Zorzano Mier
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published 2013Staff ViewPublication Date: 2013-07-23Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Print ISSN: 0036-8075Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyComputer ScienceMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsPublished by: -
2Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressStaff View
Publication Date: 2015-07-25Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Print ISSN: 0036-8075Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyComputer ScienceMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: *Career Choice ; *Molecular Biology ; *Music ; Plants/*geneticsPublished by: -
3Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressStaff View
Publication Date: 2015-04-17Publisher: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Print ISSN: 0028-0836Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: *Communication ; *Consumer Product Safety ; Food, Genetically Modified/*supply & distribution ; Humans ; *Public Opinion ; *Research PersonnelPublished by: -
4Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressM. G. Flokstra, R. Stewart, N. Satchell, G. Burnell, H. Luetkens, T. Prokscha, A. Suter, E. Morenzoni, S. Langridge, and S. L. Lee
American Physical Society (APS)
Published 2018Staff ViewPublication Date: 2018-06-15Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)Print ISSN: 0031-9007Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114Topics: PhysicsKeywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.Published by: -
5Articles: DFG German National LicensesOgert, Robert A. ; Gentry, Mary K. ; Richardson, Earl C. ; Al, Carolyn D. ; Abramson, Stewart N. ; Alving, Carl R. ; Taylor, Palmer ; Doctor, B. P.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1990Staff ViewISSN: 1471-4159Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract: Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were generated against a synthetic peptide (25 amino acid residues) corresponding to the amino acid sequence surrounding the active site serine of Torpedo californica acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Prior to immunization, the peptide was either coupled to bovine serum albumin or encapsulated into liposomes containing lipid A as an adjuvant. To determine whether this region of AChE is located on the surface of the enzyme and thus accessible for binding to antibodies, or located in a pocket and thus not accessible to antibodies, the immunoreactivity of the antibodies was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoprecipitation, Western blots, and competition ELISA. The polyclonal antibody and several of the monoclonal antibodies failed to react with either Torpedo or fetal bovine serum AChE in their native conformations, but showed significant cross-reactivity with the denatured enzymes. Human serum butyrylcholinesterase, which has a high degree of amino acid sequence homology with these AChEs, failed to react with the same antibodies in either native form or denatured form. Chymotrypsin also failed to react with the monoclonal antibodies in either form. Eighteen octapeptides spanning the entire sequence of this region were synthesized on polyethylene pins, and epitopes of representative monoclonal antibodies were determined by ELISA. The reactivity of peptides suggests that a portion of the 25 mer peptide in AChE containing the active site serine is the primary epitope. It is not exposed on the surface of the enzyme and is most likely sequestered in a pocket-like conformation in the native enzyme.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
6Articles: DFG German National LicensesLuetje, Charles W. ; Wada, Keiji ; Rogers, Scott ; Abramson, Stewart N. ; Tsuji, Kuniro ; Heinemann, Steve ; Patrick, Jim
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1990Staff ViewISSN: 1471-4159Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: Neuronal and muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit combinations expressed in Xenopus oocytes were tested for sensitivity to various neurotoxins. Extensive blockade of the α3β2 neuronal subunit combination was achieved by 10 nM neuronal bungarotoxin. Partial blockade of the α4β2 neuronal and α1β1γδ muscle subunit combinations was caused by 1,000 nM neuronal bungarotoxin. The α2β2 neuronal subunit combination was insensitive to 1,000 nM neuronal bungarotoxin. Nearly complete blockade of all neuronal subunit combinations resulted from incubation with 2 nM neosurugatoxin, whereas 200 nM neosurugatoxin was required for partial blockade of the α1β1γδ muscle subunit combination. The α2β2 and α3β2 neuronal subunit combinations were partially blocked by 10,000 nM lophotoxin analog-1, whereas complete blockade of the α4β2 neuronal and α1β1γδ muscle subunit combinations resulted from incubation with this concentration of lophotoxin analog-1. The α1β1γδ muscle subunit combination was blocked by the α-conotoxins G1A and M1 at concentrations of 100 nM. All of the neuronal subunit combinations were insensitive to 10,000 nM of both α-conotoxins. Thus, neosurugatoxin and the α-conotoxins distinguish between muscle and neuronal subunit combinations, whereas neuronal bungarotoxin and lophotoxin analog-1 distinguish between different neuronal subunit combinations on the basis of differing α subunits.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1550-7408Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: BiologyNotes: SYNOPSIS. Developmental forms of 2 strains of Babesia bovis (Babes) were studied in the tick vector Boophilus microplus (Canestrini). One strain (designated T) was shown to be infective for the tick, and the other (NT) to have lost infectivity for the tick, because of repeated blood passaging in cattle.Parasites of the 2 strains in gut contents of adult female ticks were similar during the first 16 h post-repletion (PR), but thereafter their structure differed. From 16–64 h PR, the majority of T strain parasites were spherical and without processes. During the next 32 h elongate forms and vermicules developed. Fission bodies were seen within epithelial cells of the gut by 96 h PR. T-strain parasites in gut contents decreased in number from ∼ 96 h and were difficult to find at 144 h, the time of the final observation.In contrast, NT strain parasites were plentiful throughout the period of observation. They were predominantly spherical, ranging in diameter from 1.5 to 15 μm. Forms with obvious processes measuring up to 81 μm in length were seen in large numbers at seemingly regular intervals from 16–144 h PR, suggesting that a process of development and divisions was being repeated. No vermicules or fission bodies were seen.T-strain, but not NT strain parasites, were seen in hemolymph and ova of the ticks and in their larval progeny. It is suggested that continuous blood passaging of the NT strain had resulted in selection of parasites incapable of penetrating gut epithelial cells of the tick.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesSwatton, Stewart N. R. ; Welford, Kevin R. ; Hollins, Richard C.
Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Published 1997Staff ViewISSN: 1077-3118Source: AIP Digital ArchiveTopics: PhysicsNotes: We report a novel time resolved double pump–probe experimental technique that may be used to characterize the excited-state parameters of organic dyes. We show that by monitoring the time evolution of the transmittance of a dye after excitation with two pump pulses, the excited singlet and triplet absorption cross sections, the lifetime of the excited singlet state, and the triplet quantum yield may all be measured. This technique has been demonstrated for silicon 2,3-naphthalocyanine bis(trihexylsiloxide).Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesTAYLOR, PALMER ; ABRAMSON, STEWART N. ; JOHNSON, DAVID A. ; VALENZUELA, C. FERNANDO ; HERZ, JEFREY
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1991Staff ViewISSN: 1749-6632Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: Natural Sciences in GeneralType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
10Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] B. microplus normally spends all its parasitic life (approximately 21 d) on one host. Partial acquired resistance can be produced by exposing the host to ticks and is manifested by a reduction in the number of ticks maturing10. In two experiments, we applied 0.25 g (5,000) tick larvae bi-weekly, to ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
11Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] Figure 1 shows the (Mv log z) plot of quasars from the catalogue of Burbidge et al.5, which were chosen to have z £ 2 and good photometry. The following assumptions have been made. First, quasar redshifts are of cosmological origin so that redshift is a valid indicator of distance, thus6 m=M ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
12Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] STEWART AND HAWKINS REPLY-it seems clear that there is no essential disagreement between Wills' response and the primary result of our original paper1; that if one takes the evolutionary law and luminosity function for quasars widely found in the literature and models the (L, z) plot one finds a ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
13Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] THE fission product activity in the atmosphere and in rain-water due to nuclear test explosions has been sampled in the United Kingdom and elsewhere for several years1-3. Studies of the distribution of some of the long-lived components of this activity, in particular, strontium-90 and csesium-137, ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
14Articles: DFG German National LicensesAmsler, C. ; Axen, D. ; Beveridge, J. ; Bugg, D.V. ; Clough, A.S. ; Edgington, J.A. ; Jaccard, S. ; Ludgate, G. ; Oram, C. ; Va'vra, J. ; Richardson, J.R. ; Robertson, L. ; Stewart, N.
Amsterdam : ElsevierStaff ViewISSN: 0370-2693Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: PhysicsType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
15Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1572-8854Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: GeosciencesPhysicsNotes: Abstract The structure of lead hydrogen arsenate has been studied by pulsed neutron single crystal diffraction. The structural parameters obtained agree well with the best available X-ray data. In addition, the hydrogen atom positions and disorder have been well characterized, yielding potentially important information regarding hydrogen atom potentials.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
16Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1572-9125Keywords: Guaranteed error bounds ; interval arithmetic ; co-ordinate transformations ; polytopes ; ordinary differential equationsSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MathematicsNotes: Abstract In this paper we propose and compare modifications of the method of co-ordinate transformations for finding guaranteed bounds for the numerical solution of the initial value problem. These modifications are judged on their success in overcoming exponentially too large growth of the computed error bound.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
17Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1572-9125Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MathematicsNotes: Abstract The problem of obtaining a realistic guaranteeda posteriori bound on the accumulated error in a computed solution to the initial value problem in ordinary differential equations is difficult, because of the “wrapping” effect. This difficulty can sometimes, but not always, be avoided by making use of coordinate transformations. In this paper we propose that the wrapping effect be reduced by enclosing the accumulated error in a convex polygon of a certain form, and we describe one possible way of choosing the faces of such a polygon. The method is computationally expensive, but provides, in cases where other methods are unable to do so, a bound which does not grow exponentially too fast.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
18Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1434-601XSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: PhysicsNotes: Abstract The energy level scheme of124Te has been established on the basis of singlesγ-spectra, andγ-γ coincidence measurements carried out using a dual parameter data collection system. Ge(Li) detectors were used to study the gamma spectra produced in theβ − decay of124Sb. Eleven new transitions and two new energy levels are proposed. Relative intensities, branching ratios,α(K) and logft values were calculated and multipolarities, spins and parities deduced. Comparisons are made with predictions of the Interacting Boson Model: in a first order perturbation approximation to theSU (5) limit, using the complete IBA-1 Hamiltonian, and in theO(6) limit.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
19Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1434-601XSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: PhysicsNotes: Abstract The energy level scheme of182W has been established from γ — γ coincidence studies following the β decay of182Ta. A Dual Parameter Energy-Time spectrometer used a pair of Ge(Li) detectors and a plastic scintillation detector for data collection. Fifteen new transitions were observed and five new energy levels at 1,460.41, 1,592.98, 1,620.36, 1,712.29, and 1,762.91 keV are suggested. The lifetime of three energy levels at 100.10, 1,289.45 and 1,553.57 keV were measured using the method of delayed coincidences. Relative intensities for the transitions and branching ratios of the energy levels were determined. ExperimentalK shell internal conversion coefficients α(K) and logft values were calculated and multipolarities, spins and parities deduced. Comparisons are made with theoretical predictions from the general collective model, the pairing plus quadrupole model and in particular theSU(3) limit of IBA calculations.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
20Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1420-9136Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: GeosciencesPhysicsNotes: Abstract Fine debris from nuclear test explosions is removed from the atmosphere by dry deposition or by rainwater. The relative importance of these two mechanisms is considered and the conclusion is reached that, in middle latitudes, at least 80% of the fision product activity in soil has been brought down in rain. The average life of a small particle in the troposphere is deduced from the rate of decrease of air concentration and from the relation between air and rainwater activities and lies in the range 30–60 days. The factors influencing the attachment of a particle to a raindrop are discussed in the light of the most recent data and tentative conclusions are reached on the comparative efficiences of the three processes: 1. Attachment to cloud droplets by Brownian motion. 2. Movement along the vapour pressure gradient surrounding a condensing droplet. 3. Washout by falling raindrops. These efficiences provide evidence that the radioactive particles, most of which have come from the stratosphere, grow larger by coagulation with inactive matter in the troposphere and a mechanism is suggested. Particle size measurements in the stratosphere and troposphere are examined in the light of this evidence. The main features of stratospheric fallou—the non-uniform latitudinal distribution and the seasonal variation in fallout rate—have previously been explained in terms of theDobson-Brewer model of atmospheric circulation. This model can be used to account qualitatively for the large variations in observed stratospheric residence times of debris from polar and equatorial test explosions. More recent measurements on water vapour, tritium and tungsten 185 in the stratosphere have yielded data which are not consistent with theDobson-Brewer model, and a new model proposed byGoldsmith will be described which accomodates all these factors.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: