Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:N. Reddy)

2018-04-14

American Chemical Society (ACS)

1523-7060

1523-7052

Chemistry and Pharmacology

2018-06-21

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

2375-2548

Natural Sciences in General

2018-02-21

National Academy of Sciences

0027-8424

1091-6490

Biology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

2013-10-25

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

2018-02-09

BMJ Publishing Group

0017-5749

1468-3288

Medicine

Open access, Gut

2018-10-25

American Chemical Society (ACS)

1523-7060

1523-7052

Chemistry and Pharmacology

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The power generation in a gasdynamic laser (GDL) has been theoretically studied. Quasi-one-dimensional unsteady flow equations are numerically solved simultaneously with the rate equation for the laser intensity inside the laser cavity. Steady-state coupled solutions for the field variables and the laser intensity inside the GDL cavity are obtained by a time-dependent numerical technique. The laser intensity variations along the axis of the flow (across the laser cavity) are computed for different laser gas mixture compositions and reservoir conditions. The analysis predicts a sharp spike in the laser intensity at the leading edge of the laser cavity followed by a sharp fall from which it recovers to a uniform constant value for the lower H2O concentrations. It is shown that the H2O concentration above 2% in the CO2-N2-H2O gas mixture is detrimental to the power generation.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

A generalized two-dimensional flow-radiation coupled model to extract power from a gasdynamic laser is proposed. The model is used for the study of power extraction from a 9.4-μm CO2 downstream-mixing gasdynamic laser, where a cold CO2+H2 stream is mixed with a vibrationally excited N2 stream at the nozzle exits. This model is developed by coupling radiation with the two-dimensional, unsteady, laminar and viscous flow modeling needed for such systems. The analysis showed that the steady-state value of 9.4-μm intensity as high as 5×107 W/m2 can be obtained from the system studied. The role of H2 relaxant in the power extraction process has also been investigated.

Electronic Resource

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Hole burning experiments were performed on the B800-850 and B875 antenna complexes of Rhodobacter sphaeroides. A novel vibronic satellite hole narrowing phenomenon has been observed and shown to be the basis for determination of exciton bandwidths in amorphous solids.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract: Schwann cell cultures were established from adult human sural nerve biopsies. 2′3′-Cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphohydrolase (CNPase) activity was estimated in the homogenates of those cells by a sensitive isotope assay using [3H]2′,3′-cyclic AMP as substrate. A high level of CNPase activity was observed in cultured Schwann cells, whereas cultured human muscle and skin fibroblasts contained negligible levels of CNPase activity. CNPase of human Schwann cells followed typical enzyme-substrate kinetics, with an apparent Km of 1.6 mM for 2′,3′-cyclic AMP, and the enzyme was stimulated by detergents such as Triton X-100 and deoxycholate. It was inhibited by p-chloromercuricbenzoate and 2′-AMP. These properties are typical of CNPase isolated from adult brain and spinal cord. CNPase can serve as a new biochemical marker of normal cultured human Schwann cells and can be useful in analyzing the properties of cultured Schwann cells from patients with dysschwannian neuropathies.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The generation of a 16 μm laser beam through cascading in a downstream-mixing CO2 gasdynamic laser is studied. To simulate actual lasing action, a generalized, two-dimensional, flow-radiation-coupled power extraction model for a gasdynamic laser is used. Also, to model the cascade process a new four-mode CO2-N2 vibrational kinetic model has been proposed. The steady-state intensity obtained for an exclusive 9.4 μm transition is of the order of 5×107 W/m2. In the cascade mode of operation the steady-state intensities for 9.4 and 16 μm transitions of the order of 5×107 W/m2 and 1.0×106 W/m2, respectively, have been obtained.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) activity of rat gastrocnemius muscle homogenized in 1 M-NaCl and 0.5% Triton X-100 was separated by velocity sedimentation in sucrose gradients into three molecular forms with sedimentation coefficients of about 4S, 10S and 16S. The distribution of homogenate AChE activity among the three peaks was 53, 34 and 13% respectively. The different molecular forms were found to be heterogeneously distributed in subcellular fractions prepared from sucrose homogenates of muscle, as follows: 〈inlineGraphic alt="inline image" href="urn:x-wiley:00223042:JNC783:JNC_783_fu1" location="image_n/JNC_783_fu1.gif"/〉 Subfractions of the crude sarcolemmal fraction were prepared by discontinuous sucrose gradient centrifugation. AChE was recovered in the greatest yield and with the highest specific activity in a light density subfraction (0.6/0.8 M-sucrose interface). The AChE activity in this light density subfraction was mainly (81-88%) the 10S form of the enzyme. The velocity sedimentation profiles of the AChE activity in the more dense subfractions were markedly different in that 16S AChE was a major component.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

A boxcar signal averager using Intel 8085AH, an 8-bit microprocessor developed for processing free-induction decay (FID) signals from a pulsed nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) spectrometer, is described. The boxcar signal averager works either in single-point mode or in scan mode. In addition to the software developed, the constructional features, circuit details, and the operation of the boxcar are discussed in detail.

Electronic Resource

1467-9310

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Economics

Technology, by its very nature, creates a high degree of interdependence in the industrial marketplace. Customers buy products for use with other products in a production system. The consequent requirement for technical compatibility constrains managers' freedom in developing products and marketing programmes. lndustrywide product standards, and the process of setting them, play a complex and little discussed role in enabling managers to deal with these constraints. This article provides a market-based examination of product standards and that role.

Electronic Resource

1745-4557

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Cabbage was blanched in solution or vacuum impregnated in a solution followed by steam blanching. The crude protein content of untreated dehydrated cabbage was 15,4%. Analysis of fresh as well as blanched cabbage products for amino acids indicated that glutamic acid accounted for about 30% of the recovered amino acids. Steam blanching led to loss of cysteine, the level of which was unaffected by blanching in solution. In vitro availability of amino acids indicated that the predicted biological value and chemical score for the available amino acids were decreased after blanching. Availability of sulfur-containing amino acids was increased when the cabbage was blanched in solution. The electrophoretic patterns for proteins in cabbage blanched in solution and steam-blanched cabbage were similar, but were different from the pattern for protein in fresh cabbage.

Electronic Resource

1745-4557

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

The cabbage samples (Brassica oleracea L. var. Late Glory) were subjected to steam blanching and blanching in solution. The blanching procedures were modified and further evaluated for their potential in offsetting the loss of desirable flavor during processing.The compositions of solutions for blanching were defined in terms of the concentrations of CaCl2, NaHCO3, flavor enhancers (FLVR), and NaCl. FLVR consisted of monosodium glutamate, 5′-inosinate, and 5′-guanylate in the proportions of 95:2.5:2.5. The optimum FLVR concentrations for solution and steam blanching were 0.25 and 0.3%, respectively. Solution- and steam-blanched products lost 2.6 and 19.4% of their ascorbic acid, respectively, when stored at —19° C in a frozen condition for 1 year. The fresh cabbage contained 4.91 and 6.40 mg % of n-butyl and 3-Indolylmethyl derivatives of isothiocyanates, respectively. Blanching (solution and steam) of cabbage resulted in a reduction of n-butyl and 3-Jndolylmethyl derivatives of isothiocyanate content. This decrease may explain the parallel decrease in “cabbage flavor intensity” in the processed cabbage samples. Although the addition of myrosinase (from fresh cabbage) to freeze-dehydratedcabbage flavor intensity,” acceptability of the product remained lower than for the fresh vegetable.

Electronic Resource

1745-4557

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Dried distillers grain (DDG) flour was evaluated as an ingredient in canned meat-based foods — beef stew, chili no beans, and hot dog sauce. DDG can be supplemented up to 2.0% in beef stew, chili no beans, and hot dog sauce without significant changes in organoleptic characteristics such as appearance, flavor, mouthfeel, and overall acceptability. DDG may be used as a thickening agent along with modified starch in beef stew. In chili no beans and hot dog sauce, DDG can partially or completely replace texturized vegetable protein, soy or wheat flour.

Electronic Resource

1745-4557

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

The use of dried distillers grain (DDG) flour as an ingredient for preparing wheat muffins was investigated. DDG can be incorporated up to 10% in wheat muffins without significant changes in appearance, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability. Addition of either raisins or blueberries to wheat muffins allowed for an increase in the incorporation level of DDG to 15%. Wheat muffins supplemented with DDG had a higher protein, amino acids, and certain minerals content than wheat muffins without DDG.

Electronic Resource

1439-0523

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

The presence of gossypol and its derivatives above the WHO/FAO standards (0.02–0.04%) in cotton seed oil and meal limits its usage as food and feed. To the contrary, the presence of pigment glands filled with gossypol and its derivatives helps to protect cotton plants from phytophageous pests. Thus a desirable cultivar would have glandless seeds on a glanded plant. This paper describes results on the successful introgression of this trait from Gossypium bickii into cultivated upland cotton. Five different tri-specific hybrids (ABH1, ABH2, ABH3, ABH4 and ABH5) were obtained by crossing the amphidiploid F1 (G. arboreum × G. bickii) with different gland genotypes of G. hirsutum as male parent. The hybrids were highly sterile, and their chromosome configuration at meiosis metaphase 1 (M1) in pollen mother cell (PMC) was 2n = 52 = 41.04 I + 4.54 II + 0.57 III + 0.04 IV. All five hybrids were similar in morphological characters, except for the gland expression and gossypol contents. The hybrid (ABH3) derived from genotype Gl2Gl2gl3gl3 of upland cotton (a single gene dominant line) had completely introgressed the target trait of G. bickii. While ABH1 and ABH2, which derived from recessive (gl2gl2gl3gl3) or dominant (Gl〈inlineGraphic alt="inline image" href="urn:x-wiley:01799541:PBR1151:PBR_1151_mu1" location="equation/PBR_1151_mu1.gif"/〉Gl〈inlineGraphic alt="inline image" href="urn:x-wiley:01799541:PBR1151:PBR_1151_mu2" location="equation/PBR_1151_mu2.gif"/〉) glandless upland cotton genotypes, had glandless seeds too, but the density and size of the glands on the plant were reduced significantly.

Electronic Resource

1745-4565

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Shelf-life and quality of fresh fishery products can be extended by the use of a modified atmosphere (MA) and high barrier film packaging coupled with refrigerated storage. MAs with elevated levels of carbon dioxide inhibit or slow the growth of various aerobic spoilage bacteria of fishery products by extending the lag phase. However, at the same time, MAs provide conditions for the growth of Grampositive bacteria and food pathogens within the package. The extension of the storage life of the refrigerated MA products may enable the slower-growing Gram-positive bacteria to reach high populations. The shelf-life of fishery products packaged under MAs rich in carbon dioxide coupled with storage at 8.0°C or below can be extended more than 100%. Major safety concerns regarding the risk of foodborne botulism can result from MA packaging of fresh fishery products that contain the spores of nonproteolytic C. botulinum and are subsequently temperature-abused. Minimizing the risk of foodborne botulism by including inhibitory factors such as antimicrobial agents before packaging fishery products under MAs and strict adherence to refrigerated storage temperatures are discussed.

Electronic Resource