Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:M. Mione)

2011-04-19

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Acetylation ; Animals ; Endothelial Cells/cytology/*enzymology ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Gene Silencing ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Mutation ; Receptor, Notch1/metabolism ; Receptors, Notch/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction/*physiology ; Sirtuin 1/*genetics/*metabolism ; Zebrafish/embryology/genetics

2012-06-23

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Line ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; DNA Damage/*genetics ; DNA Repair Enzymes/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; HEK293 Cells ; HeLa Cells ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Mice ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Untranslated/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Ribonuclease III/*genetics ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/metabolism ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Substrate Specificity/genetics ; Zebrafish/*genetics

1435-1463

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ; lung ; aging ; rat ; bronchial smooth muscle ; bronchial glands

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) levels and distribution were studied in the lung of young-adult (3-month-old) and aged (28-month-old) male Wistar rats by radioimmunoassay and immunofluorescence. VIP concentrations were reduced approximately by 60% as the animal ages. The density of VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibres was remarkably reduced within bronchial smooth muscle and bronchial glands. Moreover, the number of VIP-immunoreactive nerve cell bodies located in intraparenchymal ganglia was decreased in old rats. The density of VIP-containing perivascular plexuses was slightly reduced in senescence. The present data are indicative that VIP neuronal system is impaired in the lung of old rats. In view of the significant age-dependent loss of VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibres that supply the bronchial tree and bronchial glands it cannot be excluded that the relaxant action exerted by peptide on airway smooth muscle and the control of bronchial secretion exerted by VIP are impaired in old age.

Electronic Resource

1432-0878

Sympathetic ganglia ; Sensory ganglia ; Denervation ; Guanethidine ; Capsaicin ; Image analysis ; Rat (Wistar)

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Summary This study was designed to investigate the effects of multiple denervation procedures on calcitonin gene-related peptide- and substance P-immunoreactive neurons in sympathetic and sensory cranial ganglia and in selected targets. Sympathectomy by long-term guanethidine treatment induced a pronounced increase in calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive and substance P-immunoreactive nerve fibres in all the tissues investigated, in contrast to a significant reduction of immunoreactive cell bodies. Neonatal capasaicin treatment abolished substance P immunoreactivity in many targets and caused a dramatic reduction of substance P-immunoreactive sensory nerve cell bodies; calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive nerve density was decreased, but the number of immunoreactive nerve cell bodies was unchanged. Guanethidine treatment of capsaicin-injected rats reversed the loss of calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive nerves, but not that of substance P-immunoreactive neurons. In the iris, capsaicin treatment had little effect on calcitonin gene-related peptide- and substance P-immunoreactive nerves, suggesting that in rats the majority of these fibres originate from capsaicin-insensitive neurons. The results suggest that the denervation procedures used in this study alter the synthesis and transport of neuropeptides in sensory neurons in conjunction with changes in the number of nerve fibres.

Electronic Resource

1432-0878

Pregnancy ; Progesterone ; Noradrenaline levels ; Neuropeptides ; Uterine artery ; Guinea-pig

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Summary Using histochemical, immunohistochemical and biochemical techniques, noradrenaline-, neuropeptide Y-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, substance P- and calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing nerve fibres were studied in the uterine artery of virgin, progesterone-treated and pregnant guinea-pigs. Morphological changes following hormone treatment or in pregnancy were also evaluated in a quantitative study on semithin sections of the uterine artery. In late pregnancy, the number of noradrenalinecontaining nerve fibres, which formed the densest plexus in virgin animals, was significantly decreased, a finding supported by a significant reduction in noradrenaline levels. This reduction was not mimicked by systemic progesterone treatment. In contrast, the innervation of the uterine artery by neuropeptide Y-containing nerve fibres was increased in pregnancy, while the other peptidergic nerves and peptide levels were unchanged after progesterone treatment and in pregnancy. These changes led to a predominance of innervation by neuropeptide Y- rather than noradrenaline-containing nerve fibres in late pregnancy. No morphological changes were detected following progesterone treament, but pregnancy led to a marked increase in the cross-sectional area of the vessel accompanied by an increase in the thickness of the media.

Electronic Resource

1573-7381

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Perivascular nerve fibres of the uterine artery of virgin and late pregnant guinea-pigs were examined under the electron microscope following loading with 5-hydroxydopamine, a marker for catecholamine uptake, and immunohistochemistry for dopamine β hydroxylase, neuropeptide Y, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide. Varicosities, loaded with 5-hydroxydopamine labelled vesicles, and immunoreactive axons were counted in whole transverse sections of uterine arteries. Localization of the immunoreactivities in 5-hydroxydopamine-labelled vesicles was also studied. Colocalization of substance P and dopamine beta hydroxylase immunoreactivities was investigated at the light microscopic level. Both total and relative number of varicosities with 5-hydroxydopamine-labelled vesicles in a whole section of the artery increased in late pregnancy (61.2 ± 10.2 versus 24.5 ± 3.2 in virgin, representing 35% and 27% respectively, of all varicosities). Also the number of neuropeptide Y, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive axons increased, but their relative proportion remained unchanged. In virgin guinea-pigs only calcitonin gene-related peptide and neuropeptide Y immunoreactivities were associated with varicosities loaded with small dense-cored vesicles, while in late pregnancy 5-hydroxydopamine-labelled vesicles were also seen in a number of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive axons. Double immunolabelling for dopamine β hydroxylase and substance P immunoreactivity showed that substance P immunoreactivity was not present in dopamine β hydroxylase-immunoreactive axons of the uterine artery, of neither virgin nor late pregnant guinea-pigs. It is concluded that vascular hypertrophy of the uterine artery in late pregnancy is associated with an increase in the number of perivascular nerve fibres, that involves many, if not all of the subpopulations of neurons supplying the uterine artery. Also 5-hydroxydopamine-labelled varicosities were increased, but the results of the present study indicate that some of the nerve fibres that are able to take up 5-hydroxydopamine in late pregnancy are not sympathetic (i.e are sensory and/or parasympathetic in origin). The relevance of these findings in pregnancy is discussed.

Electronic Resource

1435-1803

dopamine receptors ; rabbit splenic artery ; (3H)-spiroperidol ; histoautoradiography

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary The topographic distribution of (3H)-spiroperidol binding sites (corresponding to dopamine receptors likely) was studied in rabbit splenic artery by the use of a histoautoradiographic technique. (3H)-spiroperidol was localized preferentially at the level of smooth muscle cells of the media as well as in close relation with cellular membrane of endothelial cells. The findings of a constant distribution of (3H)-spiroperidol binding sites within the medial layer of the splenic artery led us to hypothesize that these receptors mediate the relaxation of the splenic artery determined by dopamine infusion.

Electronic Resource

1590-3478

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Electronic Resource