Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:M. Matsuoka)

2018-01-31

The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

0022-538X

1098-5514

Medicine

2014-10-25

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Ferns/*cytology/*physiology ; *Gametogenesis, Plant ; Gene Expression ; Gibberellins/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pheromones/metabolism/*physiology ; Sex Ratio ; Spatio-Temporal Analysis

2018-01-12

American Society of Hematology (ASH)

0006-4971

1528-0020

Biology

Medicine

Lymphoid Neoplasia, Clinical Trials and Observations

2018-01-12

American Society of Hematology (ASH)

0006-4971

1528-0020

Biology

Medicine

Lymphoid Neoplasia, Clinical Trials and Observations

2018-01-12

American Society of Hematology (ASH)

0006-4971

1528-0020

Biology

Medicine

Lymphoid Neoplasia, Clinical Trials and Observations

2018-10-09

American Physical Society (APS)

1098-0121

1095-3795

Physics

Superfluidity and superconductivity

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Thin zirconium oxide films, formed on Si(111) substrate by ion-beam assisted deposition, have been investigated by x-ray diffractometry with respect to the microstructure of the films, such as preferred orientation, interplanar spacing, crystallite size. The results of the interplanar spacing and diffraction intensity analysis could be interpreted in terms of relative amount of Zr4+ ions estimated by analyses of Zr 3d x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra for the films. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

One of the most critical quantities to be measured for better understanding of the ablative Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) instability is the cutoff wavelength below which the RT instability is stabilized. Unfortunately, this wavelength is expected to be below or close to spatial resolutions of most x-ray imagers used in the RT experiments. We propose and test a new technique using moiré interferometry to convert short wavelength perturbations to longer wavelength perturbations. The RT target is backlit by x rays and imaged just like in conventional experiments, but a grid mask is inserted between the target and the x-ray imager. The grid mask is one dimensional grid with a period slightly different from the wavelength of the RT target. It is set so that the grid and the RT perturbation groove are parallel to each other. With this operation, the long wavelength moiré interference is measured as the beat with the RT target. As an initial test, we use a grid mask with 10 μm period coupled to RT targets with 8 and 12 μm perturbation wavelengths. The corresponding moiré interference wavelengths are 40 and 60 μm, respectively.© 1998 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Epitaxial Si1−xGex(001) alloy films, with 0.15≤x≤0.30, were grown on Si(001) at temperatures Ts ranging from 300 to 550 °C using hyperthermal Si (average energy 〈ESi〉(approximately-equal-to)18 eV) and Ge (〈EGe〉(approximately-equal-to)15 eV) beams. The deposition rate was 0.1 nm s−1 and film thicknesses ranged from 30 nm to 0.8 μm. The energetic Si and Ge beams are generated by bombarding Si and Ge targets with 1 keV Kr+ ions from double-grid, multiaperture, broad ion-beam sources in a system geometry established based upon TRIM simulations of energy-dependent angular distributions of sputtered and backscattered particles. A combination of high-resolution plan-view and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution x-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, channeling, and axial angular-yield profiles demonstrated that the films are of extremely high crystalline quality. Critical layer thicknesses hc for strain relaxation in these alloys were found to increase rapidly with decreasing growth temperature. For Si0.70Ge0.30, hc ranged from 35 nm at Ts=550 °C to 650 nm at 350 °C compared to an equilibrium value of (approximately-equal-to)8 nm. At even lower growth temperatures, hc becomes larger than critical epitaxial layer thicknesses, (approximately-greater-than)1 μm at 300 °C. In addition, atomic force microscopy studies showed that strain-induced roughening, which occurs at elevated growth temperatures, is strongly suppressed at Ts between 300 and 400 °C with no indication of kinetic roughening. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Thin zirconium oxide films were grown using the ion-beam assisted deposition method. Zirconium metal was evaporated by an electron beam and condensed on a Si substrate, while oxygen ions were directed simultaneously onto the substrate, allowing the fundamental deposition parameters of ion energy and arrival rate ratio ARR(O/Zr) to be measured and controlled easily. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to study the oxidation and the composition of the films. XPS analyses indicated the presence of four oxidation states of zirconium (Zr4+−Zr1+) in Zr 3d spectra and two peaks in O 1s spectra; Zr4+ is a predominant ion in all the films and the two peaks in O 1s spectra are related to the oxide and to hydroxyl groups and/or carbonates, respectively. Composition analyses of the films suggested that these oxygen-associated species may be bound to zirconium. The variation of composition as a function of ion energy (from 2 to 20 keV) and ARR(O/Zr) (at 0.54 and 1.09) could be explained with the preferential sputtering of zirconium from the growing film by incoming oxygen ions and the incorporation of oxygen ions into the film. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract— α-(γ-Aminobutyryi)-lysine was identified in rabbit brain. This compound was detected exclusively in the brain of mammals, but not in other tissues. It is not concentrated in any particular region of the rabbit brain.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Indirect/direct-hybrid irradiation has been proposed for suppressing the initial imprint of laser-irradiation nonuniformities. Indirect soft x-ray preirradiation of the target generates a plasma expansion layer on the target surface. When the drive laser beam comes later, the target has a substantial stand-off distance between the ablation front and the beam absorption region, in which the thermal smoothing effect is expected to take place, and then, the initial imprint of the laser irradiation nonuniformities can be significantly reduced. Stand-off distance is of great importance in the imprint mitigation. We measured the preformed plasma profile by using the x-ray side-on backlighting method. The preformed plasma was backlit by x rays and imaged onto an x-ray streak camera. The scale length of the preformed plasma was found to increase with duration of the soft x-ray irradiation. The expansion velocity was found to be 6×105 cm/s at an x-ray irradiation of 1×1011 W/cm2. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Capability of beam-energy control during a beam pulse has been demonstrated in the JT-60 neutral beam injection system. In addition to the acceleration voltage, the acceleration current and magnetic field separating residual ion beams were simultaneously varied. A preprogram control was adopted to cope with the relatively long time constant of the magnetic field due to the eddy current induced in the magnet core. The overall time constant is about 0.4 s. Beam-energy control was first tested in the prototype injector unit for JT-60 and then applied in JT-60 heating experiments. By advancing the idea demonstrated here, it is possible to design future neutral beam systems with real-time beam-energy control that follows target plasma evolutions.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Magnetic properties, Young's modulus, and corrosion resistance of Co-Pt films deposited by targets-facing type of sputtering (TFTS) have been investigated. The films deposited at a Ar gas pressure PAr of 2 mTorr present good surface smoothness and dense texture. The c axis of the hexagonal crystallites in the film orients normal to the film plane. The films have nearly the same value of Young's modulus (≈17×1011 dyn/cm2) as that of the bulk Co-Pt alloy. On the other hand, the films deposited at PAr of 30 mTorr exhibit rough surface and columnar structure and do not exhibit any preferred orientation of crystallites. In addition, they have a small value of Young's modulus (≈5×1011 dyn/cm2) and poor corrosion resistance compared with the film deposited at low PAr. They have coercive force Hc larger than 1 kOe, which is mainly caused by their porous structure. Besides, the Co-Pt films have large in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, which is caused by both dc magnetic field applied to substrate during deposition and oblique incidence of sputtered particles upon substrate.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

In order to improve both magnetic properties and wear resistance of Co-Cr films for perpendicular magnetic recording media, the effect of the addition of a small amount of Fe, Zr, and Ta to the Co-Cr binary alloy films has been investigated. They were deposited with a targets facing type sputtering (TFTS) apparatus. (i) The addition of a small amount of Fe (〈5 at. %) causes a significant decrease of the effective perpendicular magnetic anisotropy K⊥ (K⊥=Ku−2πM2s). The K⊥ has a negative value at Fe content above 1 at. %. Consequently, the recording characteristics become worse as Fe content increases. (ii) The addition of Zr leads to a remarkable decrease of grain size and improvement of surface smoothness along with an increase of wear resistance. It also causes evident decrease in Ku and saturation magnetization Ms. However, both K⊥ and remanence ratio Mr⊥/Mr(parallel) are increased by the addition of a small amount of Zr up to 0.5 at. %, though they decrease steeply with further increase of Zr content above 1 at. %. (iii) The addition of Ta shows almost the same tendency as Zr for the film structure and wear resistance. It also causes the decrease of Ku. But the K⊥ increases with an increase of Ta content up to 0.5 at. % and takes nearly constant value at Ta content above 0.5 at. %, since the Ms of the film decreases remarkably as Ta content increases. Mr⊥/Mr(parallel) increases gradually from 2.5 to 3.6 as Ta content increases. Consequently, the addition of a small amount of Ta is effective for improving both recording characteristics and wear resistance.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The authors have prepared Ba–ferrite film disks and evaluated their magnetic read/write characteristics. The c-axis-oriented Ba–ferrite thin films were formed epitaxially on c-axis-oriented ZnO films by means of a targets-facing-type sputtering system. The direction of easy magnetization in the film with perpendicular crystalline anisotropy is almost perpendicular to the film plane. Thus, the perpendicular remanence is more than 60 times as large as the in-plane one. The simple Ba–ferrite films, however, have a coercive force, Hc⊥ above 2 kOe which is too large to write on by means of a conventional head. The substitution of In3+ in the Ba–ferrite films makes the Hc⊥ values decrease to about 1 kOe without increasing the critical temperature, Tcritical, of c-axis orientation. The read/write characteristics of the films were measured with a MnZn–ferrite ring head. The reproduced signal exhibits clear dipulsive waveforms as the dipulse ratio exceeds 0.7. Furthermore, the overwrite ratio decreases below −28 dB for the In3+-substituted Ba-ferrite film disk. The Ba–ferrite film disks have promising potential as a high-density perpendicular magnetic recording medium.

Electronic Resource

1365-3083

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Macrophages are one of the most abundant host cells to come in contact with mycobacteria. However, the infected macrophages less efficiently stimulate autologous T cells in vitro. We investigated the effect of the induction of phenotypic change of macrophages on the host cell activities by using Mycobacterium leprae as a pathogen. The treatment of macrophages with interferon-γ (IFN-γ), GM-CSF and interleukin-4 deprived macrophages of CD14 antigen expression but instead provided them with CD1a, CD83 and enhanced CD86 antigen expression. These phenotypic features resembled those of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC). These macrophage-derived DC-like cells (MACDC) stimulated autologous CD4+ and CD8+ T cells when infected with M. leprae. Further enhancement of the antigen-presenting function and CD1a expression of macrophages was observed when treated with IFN-γ. The M. leprae-infected and -treated macrophages expressed bacterial cell membrane-derived antigens on the surface and were efficiently cytolysed by the cell membrane antigen-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). These results suggest that the induction of phenotypic changes in macrophages can lead to the upregulation of host defence activity against M. leprae.

Electronic Resource

1365-2109

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Insemination of oocytes from six different salmon with irradiated heterospecific sperm combined with thermal shocks 10 min after activation successfully induced gynogenesis in pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walbaum). Biochemical genetic analysis and morphology of larvae con firmed their gynogenetic parentage, Thermal shocks of 26oC beginning 10 min after fertilization and lasting 15-30 min gave high yields of gynogenetic salmon (32% of normal diploid hatching, average of six females; 70% in oocytes from one female treated 20 min): shocks of 28oC lasting 10-16 min also gave high yields (2 5%), Shocks of 30oC lasting 6-12 min gave lesser yields (10%), Female donors varied significantly in the susceptibility of their oocytes to treatment (15-70% range of yield to average best treatment) but females did not interact significantly with heat shock treatment: different heat shocks had relatively the same effect on all females.

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] The observation was carried out with an X-ray burst monitor which consists of two sets of rotating modulation collimators: two coarse modulation collimators (CMC 1,2) and a fine modulation collimator (FMC 1) with a field of view of 17.4 and 5.8 (FWHM), respectively. Positions of steady sources and ...

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] Our instrument was composed of two proportional counters (A and B) filled with Xe-methane gas at 330 mm Hg. The depth of the counter was 5 cm and the effective area of each 110?m Be window was 40 cm2. Each counter had cellular collimators and was shielded by veto-counters to reduce spurious counts. ...

Electronic Resource