Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:M. Joachim)

0044-8249

Chemistry ; General Chemistry

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

1 Tab.

Electronic Resource

2013-07-23

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Adolescent ; Animals ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight/*genetics ; Carrier Proteins/*genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Energy Metabolism/genetics ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Obesity/*genetics/metabolism ; Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/genetics/*metabolism ; Young Adult

0378-1119

Plasmid vectors ; cis-acting replication elements ; multiple cloning sites ; single-stranded DNA phage origin

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Electronic Resource

0016-7479

Geography

Abhandlungen (mit summaries)

1530-0358

Mechanical bowel preparation ; acceptability ; Colorectal surgery

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to determine whether a mechanical bowel preparation with 2 liters of polyethylene glycol solution combined with a laxative (Group A) increases the acceptability of bowel preparation and reduces discomfort compared with 4 liters of polyethylene glycol solution (Group B). METHODS: One hundred patients undergoing an elective colorectal resection were included in a prospective, randomized study. Acceptability (nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, discomfort from insertion of the nasogastric tube, and anal discomfort) was assessed using visual analog scales. Efficacy of bowel lavage was scored intraoperatively by a blinded surgeon. RESULTS: Overall acceptability was 5.1±2.8 in Group A patients and 5.6±2.6 in Group B patients ( P =0.5). The incidence and visual analog score for nausea, vomiting, anal discomfort, and cramps were not different between groups. Excellent efficacy of bowel preparation was shown in 94 percent of patients in Group A and 84 percent of patients in Group B ( P =0.5). The incidence of septic complications was 2 percent in Group A patients and 12 percent in Group B patients ( P =0.06). CONCLUSION: Because the acceptability of both cleansing regimens were not different, 2 liters of polyethylene glycol plus Prepacol ® should be preferred because the amount of fluid administered to clean the bowel is reduced and the nasogastric tube can always be avoided.

Electronic Resource

1437-2320

Endocrine orbitopathy ; optic neuropathy ; orbit ; orbital decompression ; pterional craniotomy

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Extended pterional decompression was performed in seven orbits. The indication was optic neuropathy in six orbits and corneal ulceration in one. As compared to ethmoidectomy, advantages of the pterional approach seem to be the preservation of the motility of the eye and the lack of paranasal sinus complications. We consider the pterional approach to be appropriate for decompression of endocrine orbitopathies that do not respond to conservative measures.

Electronic Resource

1432-2323

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Résumé L'utilisation de la radiothérapie postopératoire après résection à visée curatrice des cancers épidermoídes de l'oesophage a été testée dans une étude randomisée. Trente trois patients recevant une radiothérapie postopératoire ont été comparés à 35 patients témoins traités par la chirurgie seule. Aucune différence significative n'a été retrouvée entre les deux groupes en ce qui concerne la survie globale ou la survie sans récidive. Par contre, la radiothérapie postopératoire augmente l'incidence de sténoses fibreuses au niveau des anastomoses oesogastriques ou oesocoliques de façon significative et retarde alors la récupération d'une certaine qualité de la vie. En raison de ces résultats, la radiothérapie scule ne pcut être indiquée comme thérapie adjuvante après la résection à titre curative de cancers épidermoíde de l'oesophage.

Resumen La radioterapia postoperatoria luego de resección curativa del carcinoma escamocelular del esófago fue investigada en un estudio prospectivo y randomizado: 33 pacientes recibieron radioterapia postoperatoria y fueron comparados con un grupo control de 35 pacientes tratados mediante cirugía solamente. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto a las tasas de sobrevida global y de sobrevida libre de enfermedad. La radioterapia postoperatoria incrementó la incidencia de estrecheces fibróticas de las anastomosis esófago-gástrica o esófagocolónica en forma significativa y causó demora en la recuperación de la calidad de vida de los pacientes. En vista de estos resultados, no se puede preconizar la radioterapia postoperatoria de por sí como una modalidad terapéutica coadyuvante después de resección de un carcinoma escamocelular del esófago.

Abstracts Postoperative radiation therapy following curative resection of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus was investigated in a prospective randomized study. A group of 33 patients received postoperative radiation therapy and were compared to a control group of 35 patients treated by surgery alone. No statistically significant differences were noted between the two treatment groups concerning overall and disease-free survival rates. Postoperative irradiation significantly increased the incidence of fibrotic strictures of the esophagogastric or esophagocolonic anastomoses and caused a delayed recovery of patients quality of life. Based on these results, we believe that postoperative radiation therapy alone cannot be advocated as a adjuvant therapy following curative resection of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

Electronic Resource

1437-2320

Hemangioblastomas ; medullary hemangio-blastomas ; spinal cord tumors ; spinal hemangioblastomas ; surgical treatment

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Hemangioblastomas of the spinal cord and the brainstem make up 4% of all spinal tumors and are less common than cerebellar hemangioblastomas. CT and MRI are essential for preoperative diagnosis. Nevertheless, cerebral and spinal angiography are also mandatory, since they allow a detailed study of the vascular situation, which is decisive for exact planning of a surgical strategy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic factors which influence surgical morbidity and postoperative outcome. Twelve patients harbouring spinal (8 cases) or medullary (4 cases) hemangioblastomas, all symptomatic with sensorimotor deficits corresponding to the level of the lesion were evaluated. All patients were treated in our department between December 1989 and September 1994. Complete resection of the lesion was achieved in each case. Postoperatively, none of the patients showed deterioration. Nine patients had immediate postoperative improvement of neurological signs and symptoms; in three patients the initial neurological deficits remained unchanged during the in-patient period. Late postoperative outcome demonstrated a clear improvement; in only one patient was there no change of the clinical signs, while in the other 11 patients a significant improvement of pre-existing neurological deficits was experienced. We conclude that microsurgical resection of spinal and medullary hemangioblastomas with low morbidity is feasible.

Electronic Resource

1437-2320

Hand-rest ; self-retaining brain retractor

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary A combined self-retaining retractor and hand-rest system for neurosurgery is presented. It was developed from the original Leyla system but has the advantage of an integrated hand-rest.

Electronic Resource

1437-2320

Intraoperative microvascular Doppler sonography ; intraoperative real time sonography ; neurovascular surgery

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Ultrasound Doppler sonography with miniaturized probes and high resolution offers new possibilities of intraoperative control of neurovascular procedures. Patency, flow direction stenoses and changes in resistance can be investigated atraumatically, repeatedly and without additional preparation. In bypass and aneurysm surgery, about 10% of the cases were shown by Doppler examinations to be unsatisfactory, with stenoses and occlusions. These could be immediately corrected without loss of time. In normal cases, the information on the local haemodynamics enlarges the knowledge as to the effects of the operation and make it safer. Real time ultrasonography, which can be easily adapted to neurosurgery, is a new atraumatic tool for localizing, in two dimensions, subcortical intrinsic processes, haematomas, ventricles ect. It is useful for guided biopsies and punctures and for the centering of the dura and brain incision over the middle of the lesion, especially in microsurgical procedures.

Electronic Resource

0022-4545

Psychology

Sociology

0022-4545

Psychology

Sociology

1432-2013

HCO3 secretion ; Membrane potentials ; Cell membrane ion permeabilities ; Ouabain ; Prostaglandin E1 ; Loperamide

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Loperamide inhibits PGE1-induced electrogenic HCO3 secretion in guinea-pig gallbladder. Underlying changes in epithelial cell membrane properties were investgated using intracellular microelectrode techniques in vitro. In the absence of PGE1, mucosal loperamide (10−4 mol/l) reversibly depolarized both cell membranes by ∼ 6 mV. The apparent ratio of membrane resistances (R a/R b) remained unchanged and so did voltage responses to luminal Cl removal and Na reduction. The depolarizing response to elevation of luminal K concentration from 5 to 76 mmol/l was decreased from 13 to 8 mV. In the presence of 1 PGE1, the apical membrane is mainly permeable to Cl and HCO3. Under these conditions, loperamide reduced membrane potentials by ∼ 10 mV,R a/R b remaining constant at ∼ 0.4. Effects on voltage responses to changes in luminal Na or K concentration were unchanged. Responses to luminal Cl removal (transient depolarization) were greatly enhanced (from 22 to 42 mV) as predictable from the fall in K permeability that hinders Cl efflux from cell into lumen. Less marked but significant effects were obtained with 10−5 mol/l (mucosal side) and serosal loperamide (10−4 mol/l). We suggest that loperamide inhibits electrogenic HCO3 secretion by reducing apical membrane K permeability. The resulting depolarization diminishes the driving force for conductive anion efflux from cell into lumen. This conclusion is supported by the ability of luminal K elevation to mimick loperamide inhibition of the secretory flux of HCO3 (pH-stat experiments).

Electronic Resource

1433-0350

Key words Odontoid fracture ; Synchondrosis ; Spinal cord injury ; Cervical spine ; Pediatric spine ; Children

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract A case of traumatic synchondrotic disruption in a 15-month-old girl is reported; she was treated with interlaminar wiring of C1–C2 without grafting. Reduction of the dislocation and angulation and stability were achieved without evidence of growth disturbance. However, the child's initial poor neurological status with tetraplegia below the level of C7 remained unchanged. Besides our case, there are only three other cases in the literature of young children primarily operated on for a traumatic odontoid synchondrotic disruption. Even though the dorsal interlaminar wiring of C1–C2 without grafting is an easy and safe procedure even in the very young, the optimal form of treat-ment for this rare injury is still unsettled.

Electronic Resource

1573-093X

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Physics

Abstract We present a new exact solution of the magnetostatic equations, describing a flux rope embedded in a radial magnetic field. Its axis is perpendicular to the radial direction and parallel to the ecliptic plane and it has a radius r 0 and an arbitrary angular distance θ0 to the polar axis of the Sun. We outline the general method of how one can gain a new solution of the magnetostatic equations by rotating the vector potential of a known solution by an angle θ0 in the r−θ plane. Using the flux-rope solution, a construction procedure for an approximate solution which describes a torus around the polar axis and which is embedded in a radial magnetic field is given. The method has considerable potential as a tool for initializing numerical simulations.

Electronic Resource

1435-2451

Key words Chest tube ; Malignant effusions ; Pleurodesis ; Iodized talc

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Background and aims: The treatment of recurrent malignant pleural effusions is known to be difficult and varies from observation in asymptomatic patients to pleurectomy with varying results. This prospective study presents the efficacy and the limits of iodized talc pleurodesis in patients with malignant and non-malignant recurrent pleural effusions. Methods: In a prospective trial talc pleurodesis was performed in 50 patients with recurrent pleural effusions (malignant effusions: n = 36, non-malignant effusions: n = 14). After insertion of a chest tube and complete re-expansion of the lung, 5 mg of talc and 3 mg of thymol iodine were installed with 0.5 ml of 1% xylocaine/kg body weight and 30 ml 0.9% saline solution. The chest tube was removed after an average time of 4 days and chest radiographs were performed 1 month after instillation to evaluate the efficacy of pleurodesis. Results: Successful therapy was achieved in 31 of 33 patients (94%) with malignant effusions within a follow-up period of 7 months. Three patients died within 1 month after therapy due to progressive malignant disease. The treatment was successful in all cases of non-malignant effusions and complications did not occur in either group. Conclusions: These results indicate that pleurodesis with iodized talcum slurry is a simple and inexpensive method with high efficacy in controlling malignant and non-malignant pleural effusions.

Electronic Resource

1435-2451

Laparoscopy, Vessel injury, Gas embolism, Carbon dioxide, Helium

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract. Background: Injury of venous vessels during elevated intraperitoneal pressure is thought to cause possible fatal gas embolism, and helium may be dangerous because of its low solubility. Methods: Twenty pigs underwent laparoscopy with either CO2 (n=10) or helium (n=10) with a pressure of 15 mmHg and standardized laceration (1 cm) of the vena cava inferior. After 30 s, the vena cava was clamped, closed endoscopically by a running suture and unclamped again. During the procedure changes of cardiac output (CO), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP), end tidal CO2 pressure (PETCO2), and arterial blood gas analyses (pH, pO2 and pCO2) were investigated. Results: No animal died during the experimental course (mean blood loss during laceration: CO2, 157±50 ml; helium, 173±83 ml). MAP and CO values showed a decrease after laceration of the vena cava in both groups that had already been completely compensated for before suturing. PETCO2 increased significantly after CO2 insufflation (P〈0.01), while helium showed no effect. Laceration of the vena cava caused no significant changes in PETCO2 values in either group. Significant acidosis and an increase of pCO2 were only found in the CO2 group. Conclusions: The incidence of gas embolism during laparoscopy and accidental vessel injury seems to be very low. With the exception of acidosis and an increase of PETCO2 in the CO2 group, there were no differences in cardiopulmonary function between insufflation of CO2 and helium.

Electronic Resource

0018-019X

Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

The present paper describes the preparation by conventional methods (when not available commercially) and the pKa-determination of the α-, β- and γ-isomers of pyridylethanamide, 3-pyridylpropanamide. 4-pyridylbutanamide, 5-pyridyl-pentanamide, pyridylmethanol, 2-pyridylethanol, 3-pyridylpropanol, 4-pyridyl-butanol, 5-pyridylpentanol, pyridylmethylamine, 2-pyridylethylamine, 3-pyridyl-propylamine, 4-pyridylbutylamine, and 5-pyridylpentylamine. While a field effect accounts for many variations in pKa as a function of chain length, marked inductive effects are operative in some methyl and ethyl homologs. The pKa-decreasing influence of an intramolecular H-bond is also apparent in some lower homologs belonging to the α-series.

6 Ill.

Electronic Resource

0018-019X

Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

The 1H/2H exchange at the methine position of S-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl] 2-phenylpropanethioate (DEPP) in solvent/D2O mixtures was taken as a model reaction for the metabolic epimerization of 2-arylpropanoyl-coenzyme-A thioesters and was monitored by 1H-NMR spectroscopy at 37°. The solvents used were (D6)acetone, (D3)acetonitrile, (D6)dimethylsulfoxide, and (D5)pyridine. In the investigated range of D2O percentage (10-50%), the exchange reaction was found to increase linearily with D2O content and with the basicity of the organic solvent, the fastest rates being close to 0.09 h-1 (t½ ca. 8 h). These rates are slower than those observed in vivo for the configurational inversion of profens, and they are elicited in totally unphysiological concentrations of bases. The hypothesis thus formulated is that the metabolic epimerization of 2-arylpropanoyl-coenzyme-A thioesters cannot occur nonenzymatically.

3 Ill.

Electronic Resource

0899-0042

ibuprofen ; in vitro metabolism ; chiral inversion ; rat hepatocytes ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Ibuprofen was used to demonstrate that isolated rat hepatocytes offer a suitable in vitro model to investigate the metabolic chiral inversion of anti-inflammatory 2-arylpropionic acids (profens). The inversion of the pharmacologically inactive (-)-(R)-ibuprofen to the active (+)-(S)-ibuprofen was shown to obey apparent first-order kinetics during 5 h and to increase linearly with increasing hepatocyte concentration up to 4 × 105 cells/ml. No elimination of (R)-ibuprofen by routes other than inversion was seen, whereas the elimination of (S)-ibuprofen appeared to be saturable.

2 Ill.

Electronic Resource