Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:M. J. Crawley)
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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressP. B. Adler ; E. W. Seabloom ; E. T. Borer ; H. Hillebrand ; Y. Hautier ; A. Hector ; W. S. Harpole ; L. R. O'Halloran ; J. B. Grace ; T. M. Anderson ; J. D. Bakker ; L. A. Biederman ; C. S. Brown ; Y. M. Buckley ; L. B. Calabrese ; C. J. Chu ; E. E. Cleland ; S. L. Collins ; K. L. Cottingham ; M. J. Crawley ; E. I. Damschen ; K. F. Davies ; N. M. DeCrappeo ; P. A. Fay ; J. Firn ; P. Frater ; E. I. Gasarch ; D. S. Gruner ; N. Hagenah ; J. Hille Ris Lambers ; H. Humphries ; V. L. Jin ; A. D. Kay ; K. P. Kirkman ; J. A. Klein ; J. M. Knops ; K. J. La Pierre ; J. G. Lambrinos ; W. Li ; A. S. MacDougall ; R. L. McCulley ; B. A. Melbourne ; C. E. Mitchell ; J. L. Moore ; J. W. Morgan ; B. Mortensen ; J. L. Orrock ; S. M. Prober ; D. A. Pyke ; A. C. Risch ; M. Schuetz ; M. D. Smith ; C. J. Stevens ; L. L. Sullivan ; G. Wang ; P. D. Wragg ; J. P. Wright ; L. H. Yang
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published 2011Staff ViewPublication Date: 2011-09-24Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Print ISSN: 0036-8075Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyComputer ScienceMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Africa ; Australia ; *Biodiversity ; *Biomass ; China ; *Ecosystem ; Europe ; Models, Biological ; Models, Statistical ; North America ; Plant Development ; Plant Physiological Processes ; *Plants ; Regression AnalysisPublished by: -
2Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressJ. B. Grace ; T. M. Anderson ; E. W. Seabloom ; E. T. Borer ; P. B. Adler ; W. S. Harpole ; Y. Hautier ; H. Hillebrand ; E. M. Lind ; M. Partel ; J. D. Bakker ; Y. M. Buckley ; M. J. Crawley ; E. I. Damschen ; K. F. Davies ; P. A. Fay ; J. Firn ; D. S. Gruner ; A. Hector ; J. M. Knops ; A. S. MacDougall ; B. A. Melbourne ; J. W. Morgan ; J. L. Orrock ; S. M. Prober ; M. D. Smith
Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
Published 2016Staff ViewPublication Date: 2016-01-14Publisher: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Print ISSN: 0028-0836Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsPublished by: -
3Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressJ. Storkey ; A. J. Macdonald ; P. R. Poulton ; T. Scott ; I. H. Kohler ; H. Schnyder ; K. W. Goulding ; M. J. Crawley
Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
Published 2015Staff ViewPublication Date: 2015-12-04Publisher: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Print ISSN: 0028-0836Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Air Pollution/*adverse effects/analysis ; Atmosphere/chemistry ; *Biodiversity ; Biomass ; *Environmental Restoration and Remediation ; Fabaceae/drug effects/metabolism ; Fertilizers/adverse effects/analysis ; *Grassland ; Great Britain ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Nitrogen/*adverse effects/analysis ; Parks, Recreational ; Poaceae/*classification/*drug effects/metabolismPublished by: -
4Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressA. T. Tredennick ; P. B. Adler ; J. B. Grace ; W. S. Harpole ; E. T. Borer ; E. W. Seabloom ; T. M. Anderson ; J. D. Bakker ; L. A. Biederman ; C. S. Brown ; Y. M. Buckley ; C. Chu ; S. L. Collins ; M. J. Crawley ; P. A. Fay ; J. Firn ; D. S. Gruner ; N. Hagenah ; Y. Hautier ; A. Hector ; H. Hillebrand ; K. Kirkman ; J. M. Knops ; R. Laungani ; E. M. Lind ; A. S. MacDougall ; R. L. McCulley ; C. E. Mitchell ; J. L. Moore ; J. W. Morgan ; J. L. Orrock ; P. L. Peri ; S. M. Prober ; A. C. Risch ; M. Schutz ; K. L. Speziale ; R. J. Standish ; L. L. Sullivan ; G. M. Wardle ; R. J. Williams ; L. H. Yang
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published 2016Staff ViewPublication Date: 2016-01-30Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Print ISSN: 0036-8075Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyComputer ScienceMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: *Biodiversity ; *Grassland ; *Plant DevelopmentPublished by: -
5Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressE. T. Borer ; E. W. Seabloom ; D. S. Gruner ; W. S. Harpole ; H. Hillebrand ; E. M. Lind ; P. B. Adler ; J. Alberti ; T. M. Anderson ; J. D. Bakker ; L. Biederman ; D. Blumenthal ; C. S. Brown ; L. A. Brudvig ; Y. M. Buckley ; M. Cadotte ; C. Chu ; E. E. Cleland ; M. J. Crawley ; P. Daleo ; E. I. Damschen ; K. F. Davies ; N. M. DeCrappeo ; G. Du ; J. Firn ; Y. Hautier ; R. W. Heckman ; A. Hector ; J. HilleRisLambers ; O. Iribarne ; J. A. Klein ; J. M. Knops ; K. J. La Pierre ; A. D. Leakey ; W. Li ; A. S. MacDougall ; R. L. McCulley ; B. A. Melbourne ; C. E. Mitchell ; J. L. Moore ; B. Mortensen ; L. R. O'Halloran ; J. L. Orrock ; J. Pascual ; S. M. Prober ; D. A. Pyke ; A. C. Risch ; M. Schuetz ; M. D. Smith ; C. J. Stevens ; L. L. Sullivan ; R. J. Williams ; P. D. Wragg ; J. P. Wright ; L. H. Yang
Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
Published 2014Staff ViewPublication Date: 2014-03-29Publisher: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Print ISSN: 0028-0836Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: *Biodiversity ; Climate ; Eutrophication/drug effects/*radiation effects ; Geography ; Herbivory/*physiology ; Human Activities ; Internationality ; *Light ; Nitrogen/metabolism/pharmacology ; Plants/drug effects/*metabolism/*radiation effects ; *Poaceae/drug effects/physiology/radiation effects ; Time FactorsPublished by: -
6Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1546-1696Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyProcess Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition TechnologyNotes: [Auszug] M.J.Crawley replies: Miller et al. seem to think that they have discovered something profound when they point out that “its the product not the process that's important” in thinking about environmental impact analysis of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Whatever the merits of ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1546-1696Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyProcess Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition TechnologyNotes: [Auszug] To the editor: In the clear crystal light of hindsight, a good many steps in a step-by-step approach to risk assessment might appear to be unnecessarily cautious, or even completely unnecessary. But this does not undermine the approach. On the contrary, the absence of major problems indicates that ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] A big fuss is likely to be made over new ecological research results on a genetically modified crop. But what are the scientific questions about GM crops that ecologists are attempting to tackle? In a brief communication on page 519 of this issue, Liu et al. describe research showing ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesWilson, K. ; Finkenstädt, B. F. ; Coulson, T. N. ; Murray, S. ; Albon, S. D. ; Pemberton, J. M. ; Clutton-Brock, T. H. ; Crawley, M. J. ; Grenfell, B. T.
[s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
Published 1998Staff ViewISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] A major debate in ecology concerns the relative importance of intrinsic factors and extrinsic environmental variations in determining population size fluctuations. Spatial correlation of fluctuations in different populations caused by synchronous environmental shocks,, is a powerful tool for ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
10Articles: DFG German National LicensesBrown, S. L. ; Hails, R. S. ; Kohn, D. D. ; Rees, M. ; Crawley, M. J.
[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
Published 2001Staff ViewISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] Although improved crop yields can be engineered by genetically modifying plants, there is ecological concern over whether these plants are likely to persist in the wild in the event of dispersal from their cultivated habitat. Here we present the results of a long-term study of the performance ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
11Articles: DFG German National LicensesCrawley, M. J. ; Hails, R. S. ; Rees, M. ; Kohn, D. ; Buxton, J.
[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
Published 1993Staff ViewISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] We used genetically engineered plants grown in natural habitats to compare the demogaphy of transgenic and conventional lines of plants in a range of habitats throughout Great Britain in order to find out how ecological performance is affected by genetic engineering. To quantify the effect on the ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
12Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] On page 53 of this issue1, Van der Putten and colleagues describe a neat piece of work on the succession of plant species in sand dunes. They show that there is asymmetry in the effect of soil pathogens on plants earlier and later in the succession, and that this effect may in part drive the ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
13Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] IT is curious that in a place like Great Britain, where there is such an outstanding tradition of mapping the detailed distribution of plant species, it should have taken so long to produce a comprehensive classification of our plant communities. This probably reflects two traits peculiar to ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
14Articles: DFG German National LicensesAnderson, R. M. ; Gordon, D. M. ; Crawley, M. J. ; Hassell, M. P.
[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
Published 1982Staff ViewISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] Random or chance events play a major role in the population dynamics of all organisms. In any given time interval there is only a certain probability that an organism will die or give birth, or that an immigrant will arrive or emigrant leave, partly as a consequence of the intrinsically discrete ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
15Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] SIR-Grime et al.l argue that the presence of mycorrhizas leads to an increase in the plant species diversity of laboratory microcosms. They grew species-rich mixtures of plants with and without infection by mycorrhizal fungi, and found a small but significant increase in plant species diversity as ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
16Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1939Keywords: Key words Seed density ; Seedling emergence ; Small mammalSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract Seedling recruitment of two grasses (Arrhenatherum elatius and Festuca rubra) and two herbs (Centaurea nigra and Rumex acetosa) was measured in areas with and without rodents to which seeds of each species were sown at three seed densities (1000, 10,000 and 50,000 seeds m−2) in two seasons (spring and autumn 1995). Seed removal was measured for 10-day periods and the fate of seedlings was followed for 15 months after sowing. The proportion of seed removed ranged from 6 to 85% and increased with increasing seed density for each species. Rodents had no effect on seedling emergence or survival in the spring sowing. In the autumn sowing, rodents reduced seedling emergence of all four species sown at 1000 and 10,000 seeds m−2 but had no impact at 50,000 seeds m−2, presumably because of microsite limitation. We suggest the difference between spring and autumn arose because emergence was seed limited in autumn but microsite limited in spring; microsite availability was higher in autumn because a summer drought killed plants, reduced plant biomass and opened up the sward. Fifteen months after the autumn sowing, fewer A. elatius and C. nigra seedlings survived on plots exposed to rodents. This result reflected not only the reduced seedling emergence but also increased seedling mortality (seedling herbivory) in sites exposed to rodents. In contrast, F. rubra and R.acteosa showed density-dependent seedling survival which compensated for initial differences in seedling emergence, so that no effect of rodents remained after 15 months. The results suggest that rodent seed predation and seedling herbivory exert strong effects on seedling recruitment of A.elatius and C. nigra when recruitment conditions are favourable (conditions that lead to high microsite availability) and may contribute to both species being maintained at low densities in the grassland. The results also demonstrate that highly significant impacts of rodent seed predation at the seedling emergence stage can disappear by the time of plant maturation.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
17Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1939Keywords: Population dynamics ; Driving variables-Chaos ; Tyria jacobaeae Senecio jacobaeaSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Summary 1. A complex model of cinnabar moth dynamics proposed by Dempster and Lakhani (1979) with 23 parameters is reduced to a single equation with five parameters, and the behaviour of the reduced model shown to explain most features of the full model. 2. The efficiency of the full model is compared with the reduced model and with two even simpler models (the two parameter discrete logistic and a four parameter model based on a step-function for mortality) in their abilities to describe time series data of cinnabar moth population densities from Weeting Heath. Models with more parameters were not significantly better than few-parameter models in describing population trajectories. 3. Models that included a driving variable (in this case observed rainfall data) were no better at describing the data than simpler models without driving variables. It appears, therefore, that the routine inclusion of driving variables may be counterproductive, unless there is compelling empirical or theoretical evidence of their importance and the mode of action of the driving variables can be modelled mechanistically. For example, the regression model used to describe the relationship between rainfall and plant biomass in Dempster and Lakhani (1979), breaks down if rainfall is assumed to be constant, because there is no explicit model for the regulation of plant biomass. 4. The parameter values of the cinnabar-ragwort interaction suggest that cinnabar moth dynamics may be chaotic. Whether or not field data exhibit chaos or environmental stochasticity (or a mixture of both) is impossible to determine from inspection of time series data on population density. There is an urgent need for experimental and theoretical protocols to disentangle these two sources of population fluctuation.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
18Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1939Keywords: Defoliation ; Oviposition ; Senecio jacobaea ; Tyria jacobaeaeSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Summary Defoliated ragwort plants produced regrowth foliage that was higher in alkaloid, but lower in amino acid concentrations than primary foliage. Total N was not affected. 2) Plants fertilized with nitrogen (as ammonium sulphate) had lower amino acid concentrations than unfertilized control plants, slightly increased alkaloid levels but similar total N concentrations. 3) Ovipositing females laid eggs upon plants with equal probability for controls, regrowth and fertilized foliage (one rosette in 5 received an egg batch). However, the probability of receiving eggs was significantly lower on the primary leaves of ‘cut-back’ plants that had had their lower leaves removed a few days before egg laying (only one rosette in 13 was selected). 4) Egg batch size was higher on fertilized control foliage than on other treatments. 5) Larvae attained greater final weights when fed a diet of regrowth foliage, despite the higher levels of alkaloid they contained. Larval development rate was not affected by experimental treatment of the foliage. 6) Larval growth was lowest on the leaves of fertilized plants. This was associated with significant reductions in the concentrations of three amino acids (methionine down 29%, tyrosine 33% and lysine 25%).Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: