Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:M. E. Anderson)

2013-08-10

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Dystroglycans/*metabolism ; Glycosylation ; Glycosyltransferases/genetics/metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases/genetics/metabolism ; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/genetics/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; *Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Trisaccharides/metabolism

2012-10-12

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Calcium/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/*metabolism ; Cyclosporine/pharmacology ; Female ; Heart/drug effects/physiopathology ; Heart Failure/drug therapy/prevention & control ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mitochondria, Heart/enzymology/*metabolism/*pathology ; Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism ; Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy/prevention & control ; Myocardium/*enzymology/metabolism/*pathology ; Reperfusion Injury/enzymology/metabolism/pathology/prevention & control ; Serine/metabolism ; *Stress, Physiological/drug effects

2012-01-10

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Amino Acid Motifs ; Animals ; CHO Cells ; Carbohydrate Conformation ; Catalytic Domain ; Cricetinae ; Dystroglycans/chemistry/*metabolism ; Glucuronic Acid/metabolism ; Glucuronosyltransferase/metabolism ; Glycosaminoglycans/metabolism ; Glycosylation ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Laminin/metabolism ; Ligands ; Mice ; Mutation ; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Pentosyltransferases/metabolism ; Polysaccharides/*metabolism ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Xylose/metabolism

2014-09-26

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/*metabolism ; Female ; Mitochondria, Heart/*metabolism/*pathology ; Myocardium/*enzymology/*pathology ; *Stress, Physiological

2012-07-28

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Acetylation/drug effects ; Anti-HIV Agents/*therapeutic use ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology/drug effects/metabolism/virology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral/drug effects ; HIV Infections/blood/*drug therapy/*virology ; HIV-1/*drug effects/genetics/*growth & development ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/administration & dosage/adverse ; effects/pharmacology ; Histones/drug effects/metabolism ; Humans ; Hydroxamic Acids/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*pharmacology ; Proviruses/drug effects/genetics/growth & development ; RNA, Viral/biosynthesis/blood ; Risk Assessment ; Up-Regulation/drug effects ; Viremia/drug therapy/virology ; Virus Latency/*drug effects

2018-12-21

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Geosciences

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Cell Biology, Molecular Biology, Online Only

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract : A unique method for simultaneously measuring interstitial(pHe) as well as intracellular (pHi) pH in the brains oflightly anesthetized rats is described. A 4-mm microdialysis probe wasinserted acutely into the right frontal lobe in the center of the area sampledby a surface coil tuned for the collection of 31P-NMR spectra.2-Deoxyglucose 6-phosphate (2-DG-6-P) was microdialyzed into the rat until asingle NMR peak was detected in the phosphomonoester region of the31P spectrum. pHe and pHi values werecalculated from the chemical shift of 2-DG-6-P and inorganic phosphate,respectively, relative to the phosphocreatine peak. The average in vivopHe was 7.24 ± 0.01, whereas the average pHi was7.05 ± 0.01 (n = 7). The average pHe value and the averageCSF bicarbonate value (23.5 ± 0.1 mEq/L) were used to calculate aninterstitial Pco2 of 55 mm Hg. Rats were then subjected to a 15-minperiod of either hypercapnia, by addition of CO2 (2.5, 5, or 10%)to the ventilator gases, or hypocapnia (Pco2 〈 30 mm Hg), byincreasing the ventilation rate and volume. pHe responded inverselyto arterial Pco2 and was well described (r2 =0.91) by the Henderson-Hassel-balch equation, assuming apKa for the bicarbonate buffer system of 6.1 and asolubility coefficient for CO2 of 0.031. This confirms the viewthat the bicarbonate buffer system is dominant in the interstitial space.pHi responded inversely and linearly to arterial Pco2.The intracellular effect was muted as compared with pHe (slope =-0.0025, r2 = 0.60). pHe and pHivalues were also monitored during the first 12 min of ischemia produced bycardiac arrest. pHe decreases more rapidly than pHiduring the first 5 min of ischemia. After 12 min of ischemia, pHeand pHi values were not significantly different (6.44 ± 0.02and 6.44 ± 0.03, respectively). The limitations, advantages, and futureuses of the combined microdialysis/31P-NMR method for measurementof pHe and pHi are discussed.

Electronic Resource

1750-3841

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

A mixture of 2% acetic, 1% lactic, 0.25% citric and 0.1% ascorbic acid was applied to beef core samples of muscle inoculated with bacteria. Experimental variables were concentration and temperature of mixed acids and type of microorganism. Overall, an increase in either mixed acids concentration (0 to 3%) or temperature (20 to 70°C) resulted in reductions in counts of about one logi0 for aerobic bacteria and S. ryphimurium, less than one log10 for Enterobacteriaceae, and about one-half log10 for E. coli. Initial meat surface pH dropped to 4.3 after treatment with 3% mixed acids solution but rose to 5.2 after 24 hr. Overall, this mixture of acids performed about the same as acetic acid or lactic acid under the same conditions.

Electronic Resource

1750-3841

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Efficacies and optimum application conditions of three sanitizers (chlorine, 200–250 ppm; acetic acid, 4.0%; and quaternary ammonium, 3.78 g/liter) were determined. Variables were three rates of flow of sanitizer (1.7, 3.4 and 6.8 liters/min), washed and unwashed meat, warm (38°C) and cold meat (3.3°C), and two pressures of sanitizer application (3.5 and 14.0 kg/cm2). Results were averaged over other variables providing the following data for individual variables. Acetic acid gave a high initial average decrease in counts (−1.47 log), and counts decreased (−1.79 log) up to 48 hr after sanitization. Chlorinated solution caused an initial mean difference of −0.31 log and a difference after 48 hr of 0.53. The quaternary ammonium compound produced differences of −0.79 and −0.03 log in immediate and 48-hr counts. Acetic acid and hypochlorite were nonselective, but the quaternary sanitizer allowed more oxidase positive, nonfermentative bacteria to survive.

Electronic Resource

1750-3841

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Electronic Resource

1750-3841

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Electronic Resource

1750-3841

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Protein concentrations in milk were compared using a modified Lowry and the micro-Kjeldahl methods. Correlation coefficients for absorbance (Lowry) vs protein (Kjeldahl) were 0.925, 0.904 and 0.899 for individual Holstein, individual Guernsey and bulk raw milk samples, respectively, whereas, the R2 was 0.9998 for samples of 2.5-4.0% protein prepared from three brands of nonfat dry milk. Added lactose, up to 16 mg/ml milk, did not interfere in the test. Storage at 4°C for up to 6 days was without effect. However, whey proteins had a lower specific absorbance than did casein. The standard deviation of differences among triplicate Lowry tests was about one-third of that for duplicate micro-Kjeldahl tests.

Electronic Resource

1420-9071

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Zusammenfassung Weibehen der Oak Leaf Roller,Archips semiferanus Walker, benutzen ein Geschlechtspheromon, um die Männchen der Artzur Paarung zu locken. Ein Lockstoffbestandteil im Pheromon wurde von den Bauchextrakten der Weibchen isoliert und alscis-10-Tetradecenyl-Acetat, eine in Insekten bisher unbekannte Verbindung, identifiziert. Fangversuche im Freien mit dem synthetischen Pheromon bestätigten seine Rolle als Lockstoff.

Electronic Resource

1432-1106

Basal ganglia ; Globus pallidus ; Mid-brain tegmentum ; Horseradish peroxidase ; Macaca mulatta

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary The high tonic discharge rates of globus pallidus neurons in awake monkeys suggest that these neurons may receive some potent excitatory input. Because most current electrophysiological evidence suggests that the major described pallidal afferent systems from the neostriatum are primarily inhibitory, we used retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to identify possible additional sources of pallidal afferent fibers. The appropriate location was determined before HRP injection by mapping the characteristic high frequency discharge of single pallidal units in awake animals. In animals with injections confined to the internal pallidal segment, retrograde label was seen in neurons of the pedunculopontine nucleus, dorsal raphe nucleus, substantia nigra, caudate, putamen, subthalamic nucleus, parafascicular nucleus, zona incerta, medial and lateral subthalamic tegmentum, parabrachial nuclei, and locus coeruleus. An injection involving the external pallidal segment and the putamen as well resulted in additional labeling of cells in centromedian nucleus, pulvinar, and the ventromedial thalamus.

Electronic Resource

1432-1106

Neck motoneurons ; Upper-cervical reflexes

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary The responses to Stimulation of upper cervical muscle and cutaneous afferents were studied in motoneurons innervating splenius, complexus, and biventer cervicis dorsal neck muscles of cats. Motoneurons innervating complexus and biventer cervicis fibers, which are in the deeper, longitudinally oriented muscles, were monosynaptically excited by ipsilateral Group I afferents from each of these muscles, but they did not receive significant input from splenius Group I afferents. Likewise, splenius motoneurons were not monosynaptically excited by ipsilateral afferents from complexus and biventer cervicis. Stimulation of ipsilateral cutaneous afferents produced predominant excitation in splenius motoneurons, predominant inhibition in biventer cervicis motoneurons, and inhibition or mixed responses in complexus motoneurons. None of the neck motoneurons studied showed postsynaptic potentials following single or multiple shock stimulation of contralateral muscle nerves at stimulus intensities expected to excite exclusively Group I afferents. Higher intensity stimulation of contralateral muscle afferents, as well as fibers in the greater auricular nerves, produced predominant inhibition in all three neck motoneuron pools. Segmentally-excited afferents to neck motoneurons, like those from supraspinal systems, appear to evoke different patterns of synaptic responses in splenius motoneurons than they do in motoneurons innervating fibers in the deeper, longitudinally oriented complexus and biventer cervicis muscles.

Electronic Resource

1432-1106

Pallidal excitation ; Pedunculopontine region ; Entopeduncular nucleus

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Stimulation of the pedunculopontine region (PPN), in which neurons are filled by horseradish peroxidase injected into the entopeduncular nucleus (ENTO) or globus pallidus (GP) of the cat, excites ENTO and GP neurons both orthodromically and antidromically. Stimulus threshold mapping experiments and intracellular records of EPSPs provide evidence that the orthodromic excitation may be produced monosynaptically by the axons of PPN neurons. Antidromic excitation of ENTO axons from stimulation in PPN or the thalamus may elicit IPSPs in ENTO neurons via the action of recurrent collaterals. An excitatory synaptic action of PPN neurons on pallidal cells could be a partial basis for the high discharge rate characteristic of these neurons in awake animals.

Electronic Resource

1420-9071

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Zusammenfassung Die früher als Bestandteile der von Abdominalextrakten des weiblichen Eichenblattrollers,Archips semiferanus Walker, festgestellten 21 Isomeren von Tetradecenyl-Acetat wurden mit der Elektroantennogram-(EAG) und der Fallenfang-Methode auf ihre Wirkung bei Männchen vonA. semiferanus geprüft. Während alle 21 Isomere sich als EAG-aktiv erwiesen, vermochten nur 17 Männchen anzulocken. Aktivitätsvergleiche der Isomeren haben gezeigt, dass zwischen den Resultaten der beiden Test-Methoden nur eine geringe Beziehung existiert.

Electronic Resource

1432-1106

Globus pallidus ; Movement time ; Neuronal activity ; Alert monkey

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Neurons in the globus pallidus have been studied during reaching movements of the arm made at varying speeds. The reaching task is similar to one used in earlier experiments, in which disruption of normal pallidal output caused changes in movement time. The pallidal cells studied were those that showed task-related changes in activity and a modification of discharge when the arm was manipulated outside of the task. Neuronal discharge was assessed to evaluate two possible models, one in which the timing of task-related discharge varied as a function of movement time and the other in which the amplitude (mean firing rate) of the change in discharge varied as movement time varied. The relation between neuronal discharge and movement time was examined quantitatively on a trial-by-trial basis using a statistical algorithm that identified each phase of the change in neuronal discharge on each trial. A nonparametric statistic was used to determine the correlation between movement time and the duration or latency of changes in neural firing or the mean discharge during each phase of the cell's response. For fifty-five percent of the 40 neurons studied, the timing of the cell's response (duration or latency) varied as a function of movement time. For only 10 cells (25%) was there a significant correlation between movement time and the mean firing rate during one or more phases of the cell's response. Both timing and frequency modulation with movement time were limited to cells responsive to manipulation at the wrist or the shoulder.

Electronic Resource

1432-1106

Thalamic afferents ; Basal ganglia ; Cerebellar nuclei ; Thalamo-cortico-thalamic loops

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Potentially convergent inputs to cerebellar-receiving and basal ganglia-receiving areas of the thalamus were identified using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde tracing techniques. HRP was deposited iontophoretically into the ventroanterior (VA), ventromedial (VM), and ventrolateral (VL) thalamic nuclei in the cat. The relative numbers of labeled neurons in the basal ganglia and the cerebellar nuclei were used to assess the extent to which the injection was in cerebellar-receiving or basal ganglia-receiving portions of thalamus. The rostral pole of VA showed reciprocal connections with prefrontal portions of the cerebral cortex. Only the basal ganglia and the hypothalamus provided non-thalamic input to modulate these cortico-thalamo-cortical loops. In VM, there were reciprocal connections with prefrontal, premotor, and insular areas of the cerebral cortex. The basal ganglia (especially the substantia nigra), and to a lesser extent, the posterior and ventral portions of the deep cerebellar nuclei, provided input to VM and may modulate these corticothalamo-cortical loops. The premotor cortical areas connected to VM include those associated with eye movements, and afferents from the superior colliculus, a region of documented importance in oculomotor control, also were labeled by injections into VM. The dorsolateral portion of the VA-VL complex primarily showed reciprocal connections with the medial premotor (area 6) cortex. Basal ganglia and cerebellar afferents both may modulate this cortico-thalamo-cortical loop, although they do not necessarily converge on the same thalamic neurons. The cerebellar input to dorsolateral VA-VL was from posterior and ventral portions of the cerebellar nuclei, and the major potential brainstem afferents to this region of thalamus were from the pretectum. Mid- and caudo-lateral portions of VL had reciprocal connections with primary motor cortex (area 4). The dorsal and anterior portions of the cerebellar nuclei had a dominant input to this corticothalamo-cortical loop. Potentially converging brainstem afferents to this portion of VL were from the pretectum, especially pretectal areas to which somatosensory afferents project.

Electronic Resource

1432-1106

Globus pallidus ; Autoradiography ; Thalamus ; Midbrain tegmentum ; Macaca mulatta

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Radioactive amino acids were injected into restricted regions of the globus pallidus of rhesus macaques to allow identification of the organization and courses of efferent pallidal projections. The previously identified projection of the internal pallidal segment (GPi) to ventral thalamic nuclei showed a topographic organization, with the predominant projection from ventral GPi being to medial and caudal ventralis anterior (VA) and lateralis (VL) and from dorsal GPi to lateral and rostral VA and VL. Pallidal efferent fibers also extended caudally and dorsally into pars caudalis of VL, but they spared the portion of pars oralis of VL shown by others to receive input from the cerebellum. In addition to centromedian labeling in all animals, the parafascicular nucleus was also labeled when isotope was injected into dorsal GPi. The medial route from GPi to the midbrain tegmentum was more substantial than has been shown before, and along this route there was an indication that some fibers terminated in the prerubral region. The projection to the pedunculopontine nucleus was extensive, and fibers continued caudally into the parabrachial nuclei. Pallidal projections to the thalamus seem to be topographically organized but spare thalamic regions that interact with area 4. Caudally directed efferent fibers follow multiple routes and extend more caudally than to the pedunculopontine nuclei.

Electronic Resource