Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:L. H. Fraser)

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  1. 1
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2016-01-30
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    *Biodiversity ; *Grassland ; *Plant Development
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  2. 2
    L. H. Fraser ; M. Partel ; J. Pither ; A. Jentsch ; M. Sternberg ; M. Zobel
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Published 2016
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2016-01-20
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    *Biodiversity ; *Grassland ; *Plant Development
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  3. 3
    L. H. Fraser ; J. Pither ; A. Jentsch ; M. Sternberg ; M. Zobel ; D. Askarizadeh ; S. Bartha ; C. Beierkuhnlein ; J. A. Bennett ; A. Bittel ; B. Boldgiv ; Boldrini, II ; E. Bork ; L. Brown ; M. Cabido ; J. Cahill ; C. N. Carlyle ; G. Campetella ; S. Chelli ; O. Cohen ; A. M. Csergo ; S. Diaz ; L. Enrico ; D. Ensing ; A. Fidelis ; J. D. Fridley ; B. Foster ; H. Garris ; J. R. Goheen ; H. A. Henry ; M. Hohn ; M. H. Jouri ; J. Klironomos ; K. Koorem ; R. Lawrence-Lodge ; R. Long ; P. Manning ; R. Mitchell ; M. Moora ; S. C. Muller ; C. Nabinger ; K. Naseri ; G. E. Overbeck ; T. M. Palmer ; S. Parsons ; M. Pesek ; V. D. Pillar ; R. M. Pringle ; K. Roccaforte ; A. Schmidt ; Z. Shang ; R. Stahlmann ; G. C. Stotz ; S. Sugiyama ; S. Szentes ; D. Thompson ; R. Tungalag ; S. Undrakhbold ; M. van Rooyen ; C. Wellstein ; J. B. Wilson ; T. Zupo
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Published 2015
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2015-07-18
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Keywords:
    *Biodiversity ; Biomass ; *Grassland ; *Plant Development ; Stress, Physiological
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  4. 4
    Fraser, L. H. ; Grime, J. P.
    Springer
    Published 1998
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1432-1939
    Keywords:
    Key words Tri-trophic interactions ; Top-down control ; Secondary succession ; Outdoor microcosms
    Source:
    Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics:
    Biology
    Notes:
    Abstract We used outdoor microcosms in order to freely manipulate three trophic levels (ladybird/aphid/grass) at two soil fertility levels (low and high). Two hypotheses were tested: (1) that top-down control is only a mechanistic factor at high soil fertility, and (2) that herbivory increases secondary plant succession by preferentially feeding on the fast-growing early-successional grasses. Plant biomass responded dramatically to the high soil fertility treatment, as did aphid numbers in the absence of ladybirds, and ladybird activity (ladybirds feeding on aphids). At low soil fertility, plant biomass was low, aphid numbers were small, and ladybird activity was minimal. Only at high soil fertility did top-down control cause a significant response to plant biomass and species composition. The two fast-growing, early-successional grasses (Poa annua and Arrhenatherum elatius) had a greater biomass in the presence of the ladybirds compared to when the ladybirds were absent, while the slow-growing, late-successional grass (Festuca ovina) suffered. The opposite was found when ladybirds were absent but aphids present. These results suggest that herbivory may increase the rate of secondary succession, but that top-down control of herbivory by carnivores may reduce the impact of herbivory in high productivity communities.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050374

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  5. 5
    Díaz, S. ; Fraser, L. H. ; Grime, J. P. ; Falczuk, V.
    Springer
    Published 1998
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1432-1939
    Keywords:
    Key words Calcareous grasslands ; Generalist herbivores ; Global climate change ; Microcosms ; Carbon dioxide
    Source:
    Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics:
    Biology
    Notes:
    Abstract Surprisingly little research has been published on the responses to elevated [CO2] at the community level, where herbivores can select their preferred food. We investigated the combined effects of atmospheric [CO2] and herbivory on synthesised plant communities growing on soils of different fertility. Factorial combinations of two [CO2] (350 or 700 l l−1), two fertility (fertilised or non-fertilised), and two herbivory (herbivores present or absent) treatments were applied to a standard mixture of seven fast- and eight slow-growing plants in outdoor microcosms. The herbivores used were the grain aphid (Sitobion avenae) and the garden snail (Helix aspersa). We measured plant biomass, foliar nitrogen and soluble tannin concentration, aphid fecundity, and snail growth, fecundity, and feeding preferences over one growing season. Elevated [CO2] did not have a significant impact on (1) the combined biomass of fast-growing or slow-growing plants, (2) herbivore feeding preferences, or (3) herbivore fitness. There was, however, a significant biomass increase of Carex flacca (which represented in all cases less than 5% of total live biomass), and some chemical changes in unpalatable plants under elevated [CO2]. The herbivory treatment significantly increased the biomass of slow-growing plants over fast-growing plants, whereas fertilisation significantly increased the abundance of fast-growing plants over slow-growing plants. Predictions on the effects of elevated [CO2] based on published single-species experiments were not supported by the results of this microcosm study.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050646

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses