Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:K. Stecker)

2014-01-25

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Arabidopsis/*cytology/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/*agonists/genetics/*metabolism ; *Cell Enlargement ; Cell Membrane/*enzymology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Hormones/genetics/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotransferases/genetics/metabolism ; Plant Cells/metabolism/physiology ; Plant Roots/cytology/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Proteome/metabolism ; Proton-Translocating ATPases/*metabolism ; Serine/metabolism

1435-1463

Parkinson-syndrome ; clinical documentation ; statistical analysis ; rating scales ; statistical evaluation

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Despite widespread use in pharmacotherapeutical trials, in the majority of rating scales used in Parkinson's disease (PD) validity, reliability and appropriate use have never been confirmed by statistical data. For this reason 350 unselected PD-pats. were investigated by an extensive standardized test-battery including registration of basis data, Columbia University Rating Scale (CURS), scale for assessment of functional disability (ADL), SCAG-scale, Hoehn & Jahr-scale (HY), mod. Webster step second-test (WSST), Purduepegboard, questionnaire for subjective complaints (SC), WDG, LPS1/2, 3/4, 6, 7, 10, clinical assessment of dementia, v. Zerssen-scale and orthostatic hypotension (60° tilt up). For CURS, SCAG and ADL instrumental reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha. For CURS, SCAG, ADL and the total data of complete test battery (CTB) principal component analysis (PCA) was performed for data reduction. CURS, SCAG and ADL showed high internal consistency (alpha ∼≥0.9). For CURS 5 factors accounting for 66% total variance could be extracted by PCA. They represent gait, rigidity, tremor, right/left dexterity (eigenvalues 〉1). For SCAG 3 factors (61% of total variance) representing dementia, depression and change of personality were extracted. For ADL 3 factors (67% of total variance) could be extracted, representing overall functional disability, handwriting and disablity by pain. PCA of the CTB identified 8 interpretable factors (66% of total variance) characterizing at least partially the clinical profile of PD: 1. motor disability (assessment by rating-scales) 2. dementia, 3. motor-disability (assessment by apparative measurements), 4. depression, 5. orthostatic hypotension, 6. WDG, 7. tremor and 8. pain. Our data confirm the suitability of the investigated scales and give a rational base for their appropriate use in a sense of data reduction and economical evaluation.

Electronic Resource

1433-0407

Schlüsselwörter Parkinson-Syndrom ; Metronomstimulation ; Gangqualität ; Musiktherapie ; Metronomtherapie ; Key words Parkinson’s disease ; Metronome stimulation ; Gait quality ; Music therapy ; Metronome therapy

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary We studied 10 patients with Parkinson’s disease and 12 patients with Parkinson-plus-syndrome, trying to improve patients’ gait by application of various external rhythmic stimuli, including metronome stimulation (96 beats per minute=middle andante). The test course of the patients was 4×10 meters and 3 U-turns. The patients’ gait quality under stimulation was compared with their free walk (velocity, number of steps, number of freezing episodes). Metronome stimulation significantly reduced the time and number of steps needed for the test course and also diminished the number of freezing episodes. March music stimulation was less effective and tactile stimulation (rhythmically tapping on the patient’s shoulder) even produced negative results. The positive effect of metronome stimulation was also found, when the tests were not performed inside the hospital building, but outside in the hospital parc. Metronome stimulation was comparably effective in both patient sub-groups examined in this study (M. Parkinson, Parkinson-plus-syndrome) and seems to be an important additional help in the treatment of these patients. Electronical metronomes are not expensive, easy in handling, and portable. A theoretical explanation of metronome stimulation effectivity in patients with Parkinson’s disease still needs to be elucidated.

Zusammenfassung Wir haben 10 Patienten mit Morbus Parkinson und 12 Patienten mit Parkinson-plus-Syndrom hinsichtlich der gangunterstützenden Wirkung verschiedener externer rhythmischer Stimuli systematisch untersucht und die Ergebnisse mit den Spontanleistungen dieser Patienten verglichen. Auf einer Gehstrecke von 4mal 10 m (mit 3 180°-Wendungen) war die Gangqualität (Tempo, Schrittzahl, Zahl der Blockierungen) bei Metronomstimulation (mittleres Andante=96 Schläge pro Minute) signifikant verbessert und der Stimulation durch Marschmusik überlegen. Ein mituntersuchter taktiler Reizmodus (Beklopfen der Schulter) führte hingegen zu einer Gangverschlechterung. Diese Ergebnisse waren ortsunabhängig (im Haus vs. im Freien) und in beiden untersuchten Subgruppen (Morbus Parkinson und Parkinson-plus-Syndrom) in vergleichbarem Maße zu finden. Aus den Studienergebnissen läßt sich ableiten, daß der therapeutische Einsatz preiswerter, einfacher und tragbarer elektronischer Metronome für medikamentös eingestellte Parkinson-Patienten eine große praktische Hilfe sein kann. Die theoretischen Grundlagen der Wirksamkeit einer Metronomstimulation sind derzeit noch nicht geklärt.

Electronic Resource

1435-1463

Glutamate ; glutamate release ; antiglutamatergic activity ; excitatory neurotransmitter ; Lamotrigine ; Parkinson's disease ; basal ganglia ; neurotransmission ; therapy

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Antiglutamatergic acting substances are considered to be useful tools for the treatment of hypokinesia in animal models for Parkinson's disease (PD). Moreover, most known antiglutamatergic compounds act postsynaptically and are either toxic or weak with regard to their clinical potency. The antiepileptic drug “Lamotrigine (LTG)” inhibits presynaptic glutamate release and may therefore provide a novel approach for PD therapy. Encouraging results from a pilot project led us to establish a placebo controlled trial including 20 patients with PD. The substance was generally well tolerated. There was a significant difference in the investigator's overall assessment of efficacy (6/10 vs. 2/10 improvement; p〈0.05) and a tendency for LTG to exhibit a beneficial effect in some registration parameters, but no significant differences in motor response were found between the two groups. We failed to confirm that LTG mediates a strong antiparkinsonian effect in this small study, but to clearly demonstrate slight or moderate beneficial effects larger groups are required.

Electronic Resource