Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:K. Richardson)

2015-06-13

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

*Biological Evolution ; *Climate Change ; *Earth (Planet) ; Humans ; *Ozone Depletion

2015-01-17

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Atmosphere ; *Biological Evolution ; *Climate Change ; *Earth (Planet) ; Fresh Water ; Humans ; *Ozone Depletion

2013-07-09

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Alligators and Crocodiles/*anatomy & histology/*embryology ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Birds/*anatomy & histology/*embryology ; Dromaiidae/anatomy & histology/embryology ; Extremities/*anatomy & histology/embryology ; Forelimb/anatomy & histology/embryology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Hedgehog Proteins/metabolism ; Hindlimb/anatomy & histology/embryology ; Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phenotype ; Phylogeny ; *Selection, Genetic ; Wings, Animal/anatomy & histology/embryology

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

—A resolution of the enhancement of protein synthesis in the visual cortex of rats during first exposure to light (Richardson and Rose, 1972) was achieved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using a double-labelling technique. Differential incorporation of lysine was established between exposed and control animals in two fractions of the soluble proteins and seven fractions of the insoluble proteins. This suggests that exposure to a new experience of this type involves a specific effect on protein synthesis, rather than a general stimulation across all fractions.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract— Plasmalogenase was assayed by measuring the disappearance of the plasmalogen by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. The enzyme was present in a glycerol-bicarbonate extract of an acetone-dried powder from bovine brain. With ethanolamine plasmalogens as the substrate, the Km was 180 μM. Diacyl glycerophosphorylcholines, diacyl glycerophosphorylethanolamines and choline plasmalogens were competitive inhibitors. With choline plasmalogens as the substrate, the Km was 208 μM and competitive inhibition was observed with diacyl glycerophosphorylcholines and ethanolamine plasmalogens. The same enzyme may be responsible for the hydrolysis of the alk-1-enyl moiety from both plasmalogens. Plasmalogenase activity was 5.1 μmol/h/g of dog brain, 3.9 μmol/h/g of rat brain and 3.4 μmol/h/g of gerbil brain. A lysophospholipase was also found in the glycerol-bicarbonate extract from the acetone-dried powder. The lysophospholipase was more active in hydrolysing acyl groups from 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamines than the plasmalogenase was active in hydrolyzing alk-1-enyl groups from 1-alk-1′-enyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamines.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

—Soluble and insoluble proteins from the retina of dark-reared rats and from similar rats exposed to light for the first time, were subjected to electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels. After injection of [3H] or [14C]lysine, using a double-labelling technique, striking differences were observed in the pattern of incorporation into the forty-one fractions investigated. After exposure for 1 h significant differences emerged in 13 of these fractions (High Differential Activity fractions) when compared with incorporation in control animals, a finding which persisted, irrespective of the order of labelling. Histochemical examination for acetylcholinesterase and glycoprotein material, showed the presence of these substances in some of the high differential activity fractions, and molecular weight determination was carried out on the insoluble fractions separated on SDS-gels. It is concluded that the consistent enhancement of incorporation of precursor into retinal proteins which accompanies first exposure to light is a complex response involving a number of particular protein species, rather than a general elevation.

Electronic Resource

1749-6632

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Natural Sciences in General

Electronic Resource

1471-0528

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1365-2621

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Six commercial soft drinks, in glass bottles and aluminium cans, were stored at 0.6°C and ambient temperature and assessed by a consumer-type sensory panel every 3 months for 2 years. While there was evidence of deterioration with storage, more so at ambient temperature than at 0.6°C, all drinks were still considered satisfactory at the conclusion of the trial.

Electronic Resource

1365-2427

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

1. AusRivAS (Australian River Assessment Scheme) models were developed, using macroinvertebrates as indicators, to assess the ecological condition of rivers in Western Australia as part of an Australia-wide program. The models were based on data from 188 minimally disturbed reference sites and are similar to RIVPACS models used in Britain. The major habitats in the rivers (macrophyte, channel) were sampled separately and macroinvertebrates collected were identified to family level.2. Laboratory sorting of preserved macroinvertebrate samples recovered about 90% of families present when 150 animals were collected, whereas live picking in the field recovered only 76%.3. Reference sites clustered into five groups on the basis of macroinvertebrate families present. Using seven physical variables, a discriminant function allocated 73% of sites to the correct classification group. A discriminant function based on seven physical and two chemical variables allocated 81% of sites to the correct group. However, when the same reference sites were re-sampled the following year, the nine variable discriminant function misallocated more sites than the seven variable function, owing to annual fluctuations in water chemistry that were not accompanied by changes in fauna.4. In preliminary testing, the wet season channel model correctly assessed 80% of reference sites as undisturbed in the year subsequent to model building (10% of sites were expected to rate as disturbed because the 10th percentile was used as the threshold for disturbance). Nine sites from an independent data set, all thought to be disturbed, were assessed as such by the model. Results from twenty test sites, chosen because they represented a wide range of ecological condition, were less clear-cut. In its current state the model reliably distinguishes undisturbed and severely disturbed sites. Subtle impacts are either detected inconsistently or do not affect ecological condition.

Electronic Resource

1365-2621

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Five commercial frozen foods (fish fingers, beefburgers, green peas, green beans and potato chips) were stored for periods ranging from 4–90 days at temperatures of −8°C and −12°C. Sensory quality was assessed by both an experienced analytical panel and a laboratory consumer panel using a testing format which allowed all samples of a given foodstuff to be evaluated over four consecutive days. Products differed in their susceptibility to deterioration during storage, but the observed deterioration was slight and none of the samples was considered unacceptable. The performances of the two panels were similar indicating that the differences in their sensitivity may be less than is commonly believed.

Electronic Resource

1749-6632

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Natural Sciences in General

Electronic Resource

1095-8649

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

Variation in the survival of herring between the egg stage and the age of recruitment to the spawning population has been examined for seven Atlantic herring populations in northern European waters. The sources of the variation have been partitioned between density-dependent and density-independent factors. The magnitude of the density-independent component was found to be related to the scale of the processes controlling the dispersion and distribution of larvae from the various populations. We conclude that the spawning strategies of some populations are adapted to oceanographic conditions to maximize the probability of a particular larval transport pattern, although no single model could account for all spawning strategies.

Electronic Resource

1365-2214

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Psychology

SUMMARY In this paper we present data on the prevalence of speech problems in a nationally representative group of children according to three modes of assessment. There was a large measure of disagreement between the assessments. Sex, social class, birth order and family size differences were examined. There was indirect evidence to suggest that the social class differences in the teachers' assessments of poor speech could be explained in terms of differences in children's dialect and language rather than a reflection of speech deficits. Finally we examined the relationship between parental assessment and the three modes of assessment. Overall, the degree of concurrence was low.

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] The terminology we propose is as follows :Nursing. The behaviour of the lactating mammal in promoting access of the young to the nipples or teats. Suckling (milking). The activity of the young (or operation of the milking device) with the aim of obtaining milk from the mammary glands. Suckling ...

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] ADAMS et al. reply-None of the above criticisms substantially alters our conclusions, though some underline the caution appropriate in certain places. Dr Vetta has to be thanked for showing that assumptions made by Jensen in deriving a formula for heritability estimation are without theoretical ...

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] Zygosities of twins were established during an interview of parents of twins by health visitors at the 7-yr follow-up and from responses to a letter sent to parents at the time of the 11-yr follow-up; they were asked if the twins were 'identical' or 'non-identical' that is, 'fraternal'. This does ...

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] THERDYNTSEV and Mikhailov1 recently reported the \^jl presence in geologically young samples of an a-particle emitter with a complex spectrum, in the 4-2-4-6 MeV region. They detected this a-emitter in preparations of "thorium" and "uranium", separated from samples of molybdenite and fossil bone; ...

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] IT- would be interesting to have quantitative information about the average synthetic activity of individual cells of secretory organs in the animal body ; but the work done by a single mammalian cell is not easy to estimate. The mammary gland is a secretory organ which possesses outstanding ...

Electronic Resource

0007-1269

Psychology