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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressJimi Kim, Yunping Lei, Jin Guo, Sung-Eun Kim, Bogdan J. Wlodarczyk, Robert M. Cabrera, Ying Linda Lin, Torbjorn K. Nilsson, Ting Zhang, Aiguo Ren, Linlin Wang, Zhengwei Yuan, Yu-Fang Zheng, Hong-Yan Wang, Richard H. Finnell
National Academy of Sciences
Published 2018Staff ViewPublication Date: 2018-05-02Publisher: National Academy of SciencesPrint ISSN: 0027-8424Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490Topics: BiologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPublished by: -
2Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressJ. Aleksic ; S. Ansoldi ; L. A. Antonelli ; P. Antoranz ; A. Babic ; P. Bangale ; J. A. Barrio ; J. Becerra Gonzalez ; W. Bednarek ; E. Bernardini ; B. Biasuzzi ; A. Biland ; O. Blanch ; S. Bonnefoy ; G. Bonnoli ; F. Borracci ; T. Bretz ; E. Carmona ; A. Carosi ; P. Colin ; E. Colombo ; J. L. Contreras ; J. Cortina ; S. Covino ; P. Da Vela ; F. Dazzi ; A. De Angelis ; G. De Caneva ; B. De Lotto ; E. de Ona Wilhelmi ; C. Delgado Mendez ; D. Dominis Prester ; D. Dorner ; M. Doro ; S. Einecke ; D. Eisenacher ; D. Elsaesser ; M. V. Fonseca ; L. Font ; K. Frantzen ; C. Fruck ; D. Galindo ; R. J. Garcia Lopez ; M. Garczarczyk ; D. Garrido Terrats ; M. Gaug ; N. Godinovic ; A. Gonzalez Munoz ; S. R. Gozzini ; D. Hadasch ; Y. Hanabata ; M. Hayashida ; J. Herrera ; D. Hildebrand ; J. Hose ; D. Hrupec ; W. Idec ; V. Kadenius ; H. Kellermann ; K. Kodani ; Y. Konno ; J. Krause ; H. Kubo ; J. Kushida ; A. La Barbera ; D. Lelas ; N. Lewandowska ; E. Lindfors ; S. Lombardi ; F. Longo ; M. Lopez ; R. Lopez-Coto ; A. Lopez-Oramas ; E. Lorenz ; I. Lozano ; M. Makariev ; K. Mallot ; G. Maneva ; N. Mankuzhiyil ; K. Mannheim ; L. Maraschi ; B. Marcote ; M. Mariotti ; M. Martinez ; D. Mazin ; U. Menzel ; J. M. Miranda ; R. Mirzoyan ; A. Moralejo ; P. Munar-Adrover ; D. Nakajima ; A. Niedzwiecki ; K. Nilsson ; K. Nishijima ; K. Noda ; R. Orito ; A. Overkemping ; S. Paiano ; M. Palatiello ; D. Paneque ; R. Paoletti ; J. M. Paredes ; X. Paredes-Fortuny ; M. Persic ; J. Poutanen ; P. G. Prada Moroni ; E. Prandini ; I. Puljak ; R. Reinthal ; W. Rhode ; M. Ribo ; J. Rico ; J. Rodriguez Garcia ; S. Rugamer ; T. Saito ; K. Saito ; K. Satalecka ; V. Scalzotto ; V. Scapin ; C. Schultz ; T. Schweizer ; S. N. Shore ; A. Sillanpaa ; J. Sitarek ; I. Snidaric ; D. Sobczynska ; F. Spanier ; V. Stamatescu ; A. Stamerra ; T. Steinbring ; J. Storz ; M. Strzys ; L. Takalo ; H. Takami ; F. Tavecchio ; P. Temnikov ; T. Terzic ; D. Tescaro ; M. Teshima ; J. Thaele ; O. Tibolla ; D. F. Torres ; T. Toyama ; A. Treves ; M. Uellenbeck ; P. Vogler ; R. Zanin ; M. Kadler ; R. Schulz ; E. Ros ; U. Bach ; F. Krauss ; J. Wilms
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published 2014Staff ViewPublication Date: 2014-11-08Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Print ISSN: 0036-8075Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyComputer ScienceMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsPublished by: -
3Articles: DFG German National LicensesNILSSON, U. R. ; LARM, O. ; NILSSON, B. ; STORM, K.-E. ; ELWING, H. ; EKDAHL, K. NILSSON
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1993Staff ViewISSN: 1365-3083Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: In recent years, conjugation of heparin to biomaterials has been shown to improve its biocompatibility. The purpose of the present work was to compare complement activation and binding of C3 to unmodified and heparin-treated polystyrene surfaces of microtitre plates. When polystyrene was incubated with human serum, C3 was deposited on the surface by both adsorption and binding dependent on activation of the classical (CPW) and alternative (APW) pathways After end-point attachment of heparin, significant C3 deposition, although at reduced levels, occurred only by CPW-mediated mechanisms. while adsorption and APW -mediated binding were strongly reduced. Generally, the modified surface bound lower amounts of protein, e.g. serum albumin and IgG, than the unmodified. By contrast, it had increased affinity for Clq which leads to binding of Cl and activation of complement via the CPW. Nevertheless, the net effect of the surface modification on the complement reaction was an overall reduction of C3 binding due to obliteration of APW. This can be related to an enhanced factor H/I-dependent down-regulation of C3b and to the lowered protein-adsorbing property of the surface, both of which have inhibitory effects on APW and on the C3 shunt-dependent activation of the complement system.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
4Articles: DFG German National LicensesEKDAHL, K. NILSSON ; NILSSON, B. ; PEKNA, M. ; NILSSON, U. R.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1992Staff ViewISSN: 1365-3083Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: Earlier studies have shown that C3 can be denatured when blood comes in contact with a polystyrene surface. This study was undertaken to sec if similar denaturation of C3 occurs at the gas plasma interface which is found in all kinds of oxygenator used during cardio-pulmonary operations. An in vitro system consisting of gas bubbling through human blood, serum or plasma was used. The generation of C3a, as an indicator of complement activation, and iC3 and iC3 fragments were monitored. Both C3a and iC3/iC3 fragments levels were increased during bubbling. In contrast to the C3a level, no reduction in iC3/iC3 fragments formation was seen in the presence of EDTA, indicating that il was independent of complement activation. The rate of iC3/iC3 fragments generation was unaffected by the composition of the gas (pure oxygen, pure nitrogen or air), suggesting that the denaturation of C3 indeed occurred at the serum gas interface. C3 and iC3/iC3 fragments were isolated from bubbled EDTA-chelated serum by PEG precipitation and chromatography on FPLC, using a Mono S column and detected by two ELISAs, specific for native C3 and iC3/iC3 fragments. After 240 min approximately 20% of the total amount of C3 consisted of intact iC3 and it was confirmed that this population bound to human erythrocytes.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
5Articles: DFG German National LicensesFORSBERG-NILSSON, K. ; DUNDER, U. ; NILSSON, K. ; SCHWARTZ, L. B. ; NILSSON, G.
Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
Published 1996Staff ViewISSN: 1365-3083Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: The human leukaemia cell line KU812 has previously been used to study basophil differentiation. In this study the authors analysed the capacity of KU812 to produce the mast cell proteinase tryptase and to synthesize factor(s) mitogenic for fibroblasts. KU812 cells were treated with tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), conditioned medium from the human T-cell line Mo (Mo-CM), or cultured under serum free conditions. After 4 days the cells were analysed for cell growth, differentiation, content of tryptase, and secretion of fibroblast mitogenic activity. Mo-CM and serum starvation increased the expression while TPA treatment down-regulated the expression of FcεRI-α chain. An increase in tryptase content in cell extracts was detected after 4 days of culture in serum-free medium or in the presence of Mo-CM. KU812 conditioned media was found to have a baseline expression of mitogenic activity on normal human foreskin fibroblasts that was increased after serum starvation or after treatment with TPA. Mast cell-derived tryptase has previously been reported to be mitogenic for fibroblasts, but in this study the expression of tryptase did not correlate with the expression of fibroblast mitogenic activity in KU812 cells. Furthermore, affinity-purified lung tryptase did not show any mitogenic activity. Platelet-derived growth factor was also excluded. Although the factor(s) from KU812 cells stimulating fibroblast proliferation have not been identified, our results indicate that basophils may be potential producers of growth factors inducing fibroblast proliferation.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
6Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressUlrich, J. D., Ulland, T. K., Mahan, T. E., Nyström, S., Nilsson, K. P., Song, W. M., Zhou, Y., Reinartz, M., Choi, S., Jiang, H., Stewart, F. R., Anderson, E., Wang, Y., Colonna, M., Holtzman, D. M.
Rockefeller University Press
Published 2018Staff ViewPublication Date: 2018-04-03Publisher: Rockefeller University PressPrint ISSN: 0022-1007Electronic ISSN: 1540-9538Topics: MedicineKeywords: Neuroinflammation, Innate Immunity and InflammationPublished by: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesLarsen, K ; Nilsson, K ; Tufvesson, E ; Malmström, J ; Wildt, M ; Andersson, A ; Malmström, A ; Löfdahl, CG ; Marko-Varga, G ; Bjermer, L ; Westergren-Thorsson, G
Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
Published 2005Staff ViewISSN: 1524-475XSource: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: The remodeling process in the lung of asthmatic patients results in a deposition of connective tissue and extracellular matrix components (ECM), which has been described as a subepithelial fibrosis. Fibroblasts, with the phenotypic appearance of myofibroblasts, are considered as the key source of the ECM in the fibrotic tissue. Furthermore, has the ECM molecule biglycan shown to correlate to the hyperactivity of the lung of asthmatic patients. In this study, we report the novel finding of a stretched fibroblast phenotype from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in 30% of the asthmatic subjects (n = 13). No fibroblasts were obtained in BALF from any of the nonasthmatic control subjects (n = 17). These BALF fibroblasts with several characteristics of a myofibroblast displayed increased migratory capacity, accompanied by an induced expression of the small GTPases RhoA and Rac1, when compared to myofibroblasts from corresponding lung biopsies. Data also shows that patients with BALF myofibroblast also have more cells in their lung tissue near to the basement membrane that stain for markers for mesechymal progenitor cells. Moreover, the BALF-myofibroblasts showed an increase in production of several types of proteoglycans like biglycan. By adding biglycan to normal fibrobalsts it is further possible to mimic the migratory type of myofibroblast found in BALF. To study differences in protein expression pattern between the two phenotypes, we used a gel-based proteomic technique in combination with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. BALF-myofibroblast displayed an increase in heat shock protein 20 (HSP20) and myofibroblasts from biopsies displayed an increase in chloride intracellular channel protein (CLIC) and cofilin. These proteins are all known to regulate cell migration by interacting with the actin cytoskeleton. In summery, data demonstrates that biglycan and mesenchymal progenitor cells might have an important role in the early -remodeling process in asthmatic patients and are potential future biomarkers for sub-epithelial fibrosis formation.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesNilsson, K. S. ; Hyvönen, R. ; Ågren, G. I.
Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
Published 2005Staff ViewISSN: 1365-2389Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: GeosciencesAgriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, NutritionNotes: Soil microbial biomass and microbial quotient (the ratio of soil microbial biomass to soil organic carbon) are considered to be useful as rapidly responding indicators of perturbations of soil properties. In this paper we will use a well-tested model (the continuous-quality theory) to analyse these variables in a Swedish 35-year-old field experiment with a black fallow, crop with no N addition, crop with calcium nitrate addition, and six treatments with organic amendments: straw, green manure, peat, farmyard manure, sawdust and sewage sludge.The model predicts correctly that the amount of microbial biomass increases for all the treatments with organic amendments compared with the black fallow treatment. The microbial biomass quotient increases also for all the amended treatments, except peat and sewage sludge, and decreases for the other treatments. The microbial biomass and microbial quotient increase with both the amounts of organic matter added (crop residues and amendments) and the quality of the added matter. However, to fully explain the observations it is also necessary to have an increasing microbial mortality with substrate quality. Moreover, short-term observations can be misleading with respect to both the magnitude and direction of long-term changes in biomass and related variables. Special attention must be paid to such amendments as sewage sludge, where contaminants such as heavy metals may determine process rates. We find no relation between microbial biomass or microbial quotient and yields.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1460-9592Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
10Articles: DFG German National LicensesBlom, T. ; Nilsson, G. ; Sundström, C. ; Nilsson, K. ; Hellman, L.
Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
Published 1996Staff ViewISSN: 1365-3083Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: LAMA-84, a human leucocytic cell line, which upon establishment was described as having megakaryocytic, erythroid and granulocytic characteristics, was analysed for expression of various differentiation markers. In addition to some of the previously described phenotypic characteristics, this cell line was found to express mRNA for several proteins characteristic for basophilic leucocytes and mast cells. The authors show that LAMA-84 cells express mRNA for the mast cell tryptase, the proteoglycan core protein, carboxypeptidase A and the α and β chains of the high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI). The authors examined the potential of LAMA-84 to differentiate in serum-free medium or after DMSO or PMA treatment. Depending on the inducing factor, surface expression of the FcεRI α-chain was increased from 20% to 35–50% of the cells and mRNA levels for tryptase were increased in serum-free medium and after DMSO treatment. LAMA-84 was found to express CD13, CDw17, CD29, CD33, CD40, CD45 and CD117. Furthermore, mRNA for the eosinophil/basophil markers Charcot–Leyden crystal (CLC) protein and the major basic protein (MBP), as well as the erythrocyte differentiation marker α-globin, was detected. However, the authors observed only trace amounts of mRNA for another erythroid differentiation marker (glycophorin), trace amounts of the megakaryocytic marker GPIIIa, and no detectable level of GPIbα. By comparing the expression pattern of a panel of differentiation markers in LAMA-84, and a second human cell line (KU812) expressing a basophil phenotype, it is evident that these cell lines, which presently are the only two cell lines identified with basophilic characteristics, share a large number of phenotypic characteristics.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
11Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1365-3083Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: The discovery that mast cells are a potential source of cytokines has suggested new ways in which mast cells can act in immunological and inflammatory responses. In this study we have used the HMC-1 cell line as a model for human mast cells to study the constitutive and inducible mRNA expression of interleukins, colony-stimulating factors, interferons, tumour necrosis factors α and β, tumour growth factor β and platelet-derived growth factor A and B. We found that HMC-1 cells constitutively expressed mRNA for TNF-α and TGF-β, and a low level of M-CSF. After treatment with the phorbol ester TPA or the calcium ionophore ionomycin expression of several cytokines, i. e. IL-1β, IL-3, IL-6, GM-CSF, TNF-β and PDGF-A, could be detected. Both TPA and ionomycin induced the same set of cytokines, but the effect of TPA was more prominent. The relative induction was calculated to be 70X for IL-1β and IL-3, 30X for GM-CSF and PDGF-A and 3 - 10X for IL-6, M-CSF and TNF-β. This study shows that human mast cells have the capacity to express not only cytokines mediating an immune response but also cytokines affecting other cell types, e. g. fibroblasts and endothelial cells, involved in later steps of the inflammatory response.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
12Articles: DFG German National LicensesNILSSON, K. ; KILLANDER, D. ; KILLANDER, J. ; MELLSTEDT, H.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1976Staff ViewISSN: 1365-3083Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: Bone marrow cells from two patients without detectable monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) in serum and urine but with the clinical picture of plasma cell myeloma were cultivated in vitro. Immunofluorescence studies of cultured living and fixed bone marrow cells showed no signs of Ig production in one of the cases, whereas in the other case cytoplasmic kappa chains were detected, which, however, were not expressed at the surface of living cells. Cells from the latter patient were also subjected to kinetic, ultrastructural, and functional studies in vitro. The fraction of myeloma cells incorporating tritiated thymidine in vitro decreased gradually during prolonged culture, indicating a continuous cell death. The morphological characterization revealed many similarities between this nonsecretory myeloma and classical myelomas, although the frequency of cells with cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum distended by a granular material was unusually high, as was the frequency of ‘flaming’ myeloma cells. ‘Flaming’ cells were not labeled by tritiated thymidine, suggesting that they are nonproliferative end cells. Studies of the Ig synthesis by gel diffusion analyses of supernatant and cell lysates from [14C]leucine-labeled cultures agreed with the immunofluorescence studies that the myeloma cells were nonsecretory.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
13Articles: DFG German National LicensesDORVAL, G. ; WELSH, K. I. ; NILSSON, K. ; WIGZELL, H.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1977Staff ViewISSN: 1365-3083Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: Relative amounts of β2-microglobulin (β2m) and of HLA specificities were analysed on the surface of resting unfractionated peripheral human lymphocytes, enriched B and T cells, and on in-vivo- and in-vitro-stimulated lymphoblasts. Single-cell cytofluorometry and a very sensitive radioimmnunoassay were used to determine as closely as possible the absolute amounts of membrane-bound α2m/HLA antigens, B and T ‘resting’ and ‘stimulated’ lymphoid cells express very similar numbers of β2m and HLA antigenic determinants, respectively, per unit of surface area when compared within each group, although β2m was found to exist in two- to three-fold excess of HLA.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
14Articles: DFG German National LicensesWELSH, K. I. ; DORVAL, G. ; NILSSON, K. ; CLEMENTS, G. B. ; WIGZELL, H.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1977Staff ViewISSN: 1365-3083Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: Beta2-microglobulin (β2m) participates as an integral part in molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) type. Absence of β2m makes the residual heavy MHC chain largely inactive as antigen. Striking reductions in the density per unit surface area of β2m in seven out of nine malignant lymphoid tumour lines in comparison with normal lymphocytes or ‘immortalized’ Epstein-Barr-virus-transformed lymphoblastoid lines were found is this study. This would seemingly represent a specific reduction in the ability of the malignant cells to express actively produced β2m, since their HLA antigenic determinants were not reduced to the same extent and no indications were obtained suggesting that free β2m could transfer from one cell to another. However, that β2m is important in conveying serological specificities of MHC type to cells was shown by fusion of β2m-negative and β2m-positive cells, yielding hybrid cells with synergistically increased numbers of detectable, HLA-related determinants. Whether the reduction of β2m on malignant versus nonmalignant lymphoid cells bears any relevance as to emergence of the malignant clones and resistance to possible anti-tumour reactions would now be an issue for study.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
15Articles: DFG German National LicensesSÖDERBERG, O. ; CHRISTIANSEN, I. ; CARLSSON, M. ; NILSSON, K.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
Published 1997Staff ViewISSN: 1365-3083Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: This paper reports on differences between B cell-type chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) and normal B cells in their response to IL-2+thioredoxin (Trx), Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain 1 (SAC)+IL-2+Trx, and to CD40 ligation of IL-2+Trx and SAC+IL-2+Trx stimulation. The authors found that Trx acted synergistically with IL-2 and SAC+IL-2 in inducing DNA synthesis in B-CLL cells, but not in the normal B cells. Interestingly, IL-2+Trx alone was found to induce proliferation in B-CLL cells from patients with advanced stages of disease. In addition, we also found that IL-2+Trx and SAC+IL-2+Trx-induced DNA synthesis of B-CLL cells was inhibited by CD40 activation (by soluble anti-CD40 MoAb and anti-CD40 MoAb presented on irradiated CD32L cells). In clear contrast, SAC+IL-2+Trx-induced DNA synthesis of normal B cells was not inhibited by soluble anti-CD40 MoAb. The authors therefore conclude that B-CLL cells differ from normal B cells in their response to IL-2 (IL-2+Trx) and CD40 ligation.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
16Articles: DFG German National LicensesMagnusson, C. G. M. ; Håård, J. ; Matsson, P. ; Karlsson, T. ; Nilsson, K. ; Johansson, S. G. O.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1995Staff ViewISSN: 1398-9995Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: specificity of IgE binding to a human basophil-like cell line (KU812) was studied by flow cytometry. Four IgE myeloma proteins, representing both light-chain types, one chimeric IgE protein, and polyclonal serum IgE blocked the direct binding of FITC-labeled IgE(DES) myeloma protein to KU812 cells in a dose-dependent and nearly equimolar way. Although not as efficiently as human IgE (from five to eight times less on a molar basis), both rat and mouse IgE blocked IgE(DES)-FITC binding to KU812 cells. In sharp contrast, all four human IgG subclasses, both IgA subclasses, and IgM myeloma proteins, as well as monomeric and heat-aggregated polyclonal human IgG, were unable to block significantly IgE(DES)-FITC binding to KU812 cells (≤0.5/0 on a molar basis). The cytophilic epitope on IgE was heat-susceptible (56 °h), lost after reduction alkylation, and resident in the papain-derived Fcɛ -fragment, but not in the papain-derived F(ab') 2ɛ.- and Fcɛ-fragments nor in the pepsin-derived F(ab')2ɛ- and Fcɛ.'-fragments. Washing and displacement experiments indicated that a major part of IgE reacted with high affinity to KU812 cells. The results indicate that the binding of IgE to KU812 cells is highly specific and involves the classical high-affinity FcɛRI-receptor. Although the density of receptors is low, this human cell line offers a unique model to study IgE/FcɛRI interactions.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
17Articles: DFG German National LicensesNilsson, G. ; Hjertson, M. ; Andersson, M. ; Greiff, L. ; Svensson, C. ; Nilsson, K. ; Siegbahn, A.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1998Staff ViewISSN: 1398-9995Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: Mast cells are known to accumulate in tissue during allergic inflammation. However, the chemotaxins responsible are undefined. Using a modified Boyden chamber and Ihe human mast-cell line HMC-1, we first identified mast-cell chemotactic activity in nasal lavage fluid collected before the pollen season after allergen provocation of allergic patients (N=29) (mean migratory response compared to medium control was 121%, range 85-198%). Mast-cell chemotactic activity was also detected in lavage fluid collected after allergen provocation at the end of a Swedish birch-pollen season from three different treatment groups: topical steroid treatment with budesonide; the topical antihistamine, levocabastine; and placebo. There was no significant difference in mast-cell chemotactic activity between nasal lavage fluid collected from the placebo group (mean = 102%), the budesonide-treated group (mean = 1l4%), or the levocabastine group (mean = 125%). Stem cell factor (SCF), a known mast-cell chemotaxin, was present in the nasal lavage fluids from all three groups, and correlated with the mast-cell chemotactic activity (r = 0.67, P 〈 0.0l). TTie mast-eell chemotactic activity was inhibited (range 5-tOO%) in some, but not all, nasal lavage fluids by a polyclonal antibody directed against SCF. This report describes the presence of mast-cell chemotactic activity in nasal lavage fluid during an allergic reaction. These findings show that SCF may play a pivotal role in the recruitment of mast cells in allergic rhinitis.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
18Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1460-9592Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: Background: The use of opioids is known to increase the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). In spite of this, administration of low doses of an opioid during anaesthesia is common practice, even if a regional anaesthetic technique is used. This study was designed to estimate the effects of intraoperative intravenous administration of fentanyl on PONV in paediatric daycase surgery. Methods: PONV and pain were evaluated in 29 boys during the first 24 h after daycase penile surgery. Anaesthesia was standardized. The patients were allocated to two groups. Fentanyl 1 µg·kg−1 i.v. or placebo was administered in a randomized, double-blind design. A caudal block with ropivacaine 2 mg·ml−1, 0.5 ml·kg−1 was performed preoperatively and topical lidocaine gel 20 mg·ml−1 was applied over the wound area immediately after surgery. Results: The total incidence of PONV in hospital and at home during the first 24 h was 36% (5/14) when fentanyl was used, whereas no PONV was reported when placebo was given (P 〈 0.05). The median time to first administration of analgesics after the caudal block was approximately 6 h. It did not differ between groups. Intraoperative fentanyl did not result in any reduction in pain scores nor the incidence of pain. Fentanyl caused apnoea in one-half of the cases and decreased the breathing rates during the first 10 min of surgery. Conclusions: Intraoperative use of i.v. fentanyl 1 µg·kg−1 combined with a regional anaesthetic block is associated with an increased incidence of PONV without any significant contribution to the postoperative pain relief.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
19Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1460-9592Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: In order to evaluate the efficiency of glucose homeostatic mechanisms in otherwise healthy infants and children during and after anaesthesia and surgery four different fluid regimes were studied in 40 patients, 6–24 months old. The four regimes all resulted in a total fluid volume of 10 ml·kg−1·h−1 intraoperatively and 3 ml·kg−1 h−1 postoperatively. One group received a combination of glucose 300 mg·kg−1h−1 and Ringer acetate intraoperatively and glucose postoperatively, a second group was given the same intraoperative fluid followed by glucose free Ringer acetate postoperatively. A third group received Ringer acetate both intra- and postoperatively and a fourth group was given Ringer acetate intraoperatively and glucose postoperatively. Blood glucose concentrations were measured after induction (Preop.), immediately after surgery (Postop.) and after 30, 60 and 120 min. Increased blood glucose concentrations were found in all children immediately after surgery. The concentrations were highest among children given glucose. Postoperatively blood glucose remained elevated in children receiving glucose after surgery. In patients without postoperative glucose supply blood glucose concentrations declined. Hypoglycaemia was not seen on any occasion. The differences in blood glucose concentrations with different regimes were significant but small. We conclude that the studied group of healthy children appeared to be capable of regulating blood glucose levels within normal limits with or without intraoperative glucose and also if the intraoperative glucose supply was interrupted postoperatively.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
20Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0005-2760Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicinePhysicsType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: