Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:J. W. Thompson)

2014-12-17

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Adult ; Animals ; Birds/genetics/physiology ; Brain/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Corpus Striatum/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Finches/*genetics/*physiology ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; *Learning ; Male ; Motor Cortex/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Neural Pathways ; Species Specificity ; *Speech ; Transcription, Genetic ; *Transcriptome ; *Vocalization, Animal

2014-04-26

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Atlantic Ocean ; Biological Evolution ; Ecosystem ; Genes, Bacterial ; *Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Bacterial ; Metagenomics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Prochlorococcus/classification/*genetics/*physiology ; Seasons ; Seawater/*microbiology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Single-Cell Analysis

1471-0528

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Objective To determine the surgical and anaesthetic benefits and problems associated with the practice of routine exteriorisation of the uterus to facilitate repair at caesarean section.Design A randomised controlled study of women undergoing caesarean section. After establishment of anaesthesia, women were randomised to either exteriorisation and uterine repair or suture of the uterus in the abdomen.Setting A maternity hospital in the United Kingdom.Main outcome measures Peri-operative haemoglobin change, duration of operation, maternal morbidity and length of hospital stay. Intra-operative pain, nausea, vomiting, pulling or tugging sensations were secondary outcome measures.Results Three hundred and sixteen women were randomised, of whom 288 were subsequently analysed (139 women in whom the uterus was exteriorised and 149 where the uterus was not exteriorised). Exteriorisation of the uterus, an elective caesarean section and a spinal or general anaesthesia each had a statistically significant association with reduced blood loss (P 〈 0.05) There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups with regard to intra-operative complications or pain, nor were there any statistically significant difference in post-operative wound sepsis, pyrexia, deep vein thrombosis, blood transfusion or length of hospital stay.Conclusion With effective anaesthesia, exteriorisation of the uterus for repair following caesarean delivery is not associated with significant problems and is associated with less blood loss.

Electronic Resource

1471-0528

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Objective To describe the time of onset of contractions which result in preterm delivery to investigate if there is a diurnal influence.Design The admission register for the neonatal unit was used to identify admissions for prematurity over a three-year period. Obstetric case records were then reviewed to obtain the recorded time of onset of contractions when delivery was preceded by spontaneous labour.Setting A maternity hospital in the United Kingdom.Main outcome measures The time of onset of spontaneous contractions which result in preterm labour and delivery.Results Four hundred and twenty-five women in preterm labour were studied. A significant diurnal rhythm in the timing of onset of contractions was noted with 42% of deliveries occurring in labour which commenced between midnight and 0600 hours. Subgroup analysis indicated that there was a significant rhythm in second trimester preterm labours, male and female babies and that this rhythm was present during both the winter and summer months.Conclusion The periodicity of preterm labour onset demonstrates a rhythm which is similar to the rhythm in the onset of labour at term. Preterm labour most commonly begins between midnight and 0600 hours.

Electronic Resource

1750-3841

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

A direct method was developed for the determination of seafood amines. The method utilizes the principle of ion-moderated partition high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The method involves the extraction of muscle tissue in perchloric acid (PCA) and the subsequent chromatography of the neutralized PCA extract using dilute pH 11.0 sodium hydroxide as elution solvent, the entire procedure requiring approximately 30 min to complete. The biogenic amines (histamine, putrescine and cadaverine) were separated and the method compared with an existing HPLC procedure. Trimethylamine and dimethylamine were also determined. by this method. Results compared favorably with data obtained by existing calorimetric procedures used for the determination of these compounds.

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] The concentration of morphine required to depress the responses of autonomic neuro-effectors in vitro is well established2,4,5,8. However, the concentration of morphine which is present in autonomic nervous tissue after intravenous injection of the drug is unknown. To obtain information on this ...

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] There are two cases to be considered: (1) the complete case, where all (n 2)possible pairs of the n objects are presented once each to the subject for judgment; (2) the incomplete case, where fewer are presented. In the complete case it is well known2 that if each judged difference is treated as ...

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] One of the ways in which this hypothesis has been tested has been to use a hemicholinium, HC3 (r f. 3), which inhibits the formation of acetylcholine4'5. If sympathetic transmission does depend on the release of acetylcholine the effect of stimulating post-ganglionic sympathetic nerves should be ...

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] IN our letter in NATURE of June 22 (p. 1033), we referred inter alia to our measurements of the Raman and infra-red spectra of C6D6, but did not give the infra-red results, as a collective publication of this and other spectra was projected. In the August number of the ...

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] THERE are very few data available in the infra-red absorption spectra of solids which enable an application of the modern ideas of point group symmetry to the classification of ‘proper’ vibrations. We have recently examined the absorption spectrum of sodium nitrite in the solid state. The ...

Electronic Resource

0007-1269

Psychology

0007-1269

Psychology

1433-9285

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary This article is the presentation of the main phobia data from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) program, with a sample size ofn=18,571. Work on this article was initiated in 1981 at the beginning of the ECA study, but publication has been delayed a decade. Phobias are determined from information from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS), classified according to DSM III. Phobias are found to be the most common psychiatric disorder in the community, more common than major depression or alcohol abuse or dependence in the month prior to interview. The one month prevalence is between 4.0 and 11.1%, with the estimated prevalence in the United States being 6.2%. There were nine community surveys of the prevalence of phobia that pre-dated the ECA studies, which found a wide range of prevalence rates from 1.2% to 26.1%. By far the strongest risk factor associated with phobias is the presence of another psychiatric disorder. Prevalence rates of simple phobia and agoraphobia are found in the ECA studies to be significantly higher in women; social phobia, which is less prevalent, has no significant sex difference. The prevalence rates are higher in younger age groups, and in those with low socioeconomic status (SES). The onset of phobias occurs primarily in the childhood or teenage years, and they tend to be chronic conditions. Less than a quarter of phobics receive treatment.

Electronic Resource

0037-7996

History

0037-7996

History

0037-7996

History

0022-5185

Theology and Religious Studies

NOTES AND STUDIES

0035-8118

Romance Studies

1432-2072

Alpha MSH ; Beta MSH ; Contingent negative variation ; Melanotrophic hormones ; Memory ; Mood ; Peptides ; Performance

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract A double blind crossover trial of the effects of synthetic alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha MSH) and synthetic beta melanocyte stimulating hormone (beta 1–22 MSH) on the contingent negative variation (CNV), performance (mental arithmetic; verbal and visual memory), and mood (selfrating scale) was carried out on four normal male subjects. All subjects received three 10-min infusions in random order at weekly intervals (10 ml diluent alone, 10 mg alpha MSH or 10 mg beta 1–22 MSH, both in 10 ml acid saline) and were observed for 1 h after the infusion and again 24 h later. Plasma concentrations of alpha and beta MSH, thyrotrophin, growth hormone, gastrin, cortisol, calcium, cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured before and after the infusions in addition to the CNV and mental performance tests. Plasma half-lives were found to be 20.8 min for alpha MSH and 15.1 min for beta MSH. The infusions had little effect on most measures, but after alpha MSH there was a significant improvement in verbal memory, and in two subjects there was a significant rise in plasma growth hormone without a rise in plasma cortisol. After beta 1–22 MSH there was a significant decline in verbal memory in all four subjects. These results lend support to the accumulating evidence that peptides similar to the melanocyte stimulating hormones have a neuroendocrine effect in man. Infusion of melanocyte stimulating hormone inhibiting factor (MIF; 10 mg in 10 ml normal saline given over 2 min) in six other subjects caused no change in CNV magnitude, reaction time, heart rate, or serum beta MSH level compared to control saline infusion.

Electronic Resource

1573-7438

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Résumé La tsé-tsé (Glossina spp.) occupe 11 millions de km2 du sol africain (Greekmore, 1989) et elle est responsable de la transmission de la trypanosomose chez l'homme et les animaux. En raison de son taux lent de reproduction (les femelles ne produisent que 4 à 5 larves par an) la luttre contre la tsétsé est la meilleure méthode pour combattre la trypanosomose. On a utilisé, et on utilise encore, de nombreuses techniques variées et bien que des succès aient été obtenus, aucune solution à long terme n'a encore été trouvée.

Resumen La mosca tsetsé (Glossina spp.) infesta 11 millones de km2 (Greekmore, 1989) donde es responsable de la transmisión de tripanosomiasis al hombre y animales. Debido a la baja tasa de reproducción de la mosca (cuatro a cinco pupas por año), el control de la mosca per se es el método más efectivo, habiendose obtenido algún éxito, sin encontrer todavía una solución a largo plazo.

Summary The tsetse fly (Glossina spp.) inhabits 11 million km2 of Africa (Greekmore, 1989) where it is responsible for the transmission of trypanosomosis to man and animals. Because of its slow rate of reproduction, with females producing only four to five pupae per annum, control of the tsetse fly is the best means of controlling trypanosomosis. A number of different methods have been and are used but, whilst successes have been achieved, a long term solution has not been found.

Electronic Resource