Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:J. Richards)

2018-01-23

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

2041-1723

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

2018-04-13

American Chemical Society (ACS)

0006-2960

1520-4995

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

2018-09-19

National Academy of Sciences

0027-8424

1091-6490

Biology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

2012-08-04

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

2018-02-02

Wiley-Blackwell

Biology

Medicine

2018-08-31

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

2045-2322

Natural Sciences in General

2016-03-19

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Bacterial Infections/genetics/immunology ; Dinoprostone/*immunology ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Inflammation/drug therapy/*immunology/microbiology ; Interleukins/*immunology ; Intestines/*immunology/microbiology ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Mice ; Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/antagonists & ; inhibitors/genetics/*immunology ; Signal Transduction

2011-08-26

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

2018-01-05

Genetics Society of America (GSA)

2160-1836

Biology

2018-02-09

Genetics Society of America (GSA)

2160-1836

Biology

2018-08-02

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

2045-2322

Natural Sciences in General

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract: Photolabeling of the benzodiazepine receptor, which to date has been done with benzodiazepine agonists such as flunitrazepam, can also be achieved with Ro 15-4513, a partial inverse agonist of the benzodiazepine receptor. [3H]Ro 15-4513 specifically and irreversibly labeled a protein with an apparent molecular weight of 51, 000 (P51) in cerebellum and at least two proteins with apparent molecular weights of 51, 000 (P51) and 55, 000 (P55) in hippocampus. Photolabeling was inhibited by 10 μM diazepam but not by 10 μM Ro 5-4864. The BZ1 receptor-selective ligands CL 218872 and ß-carboline-3-carboxylate ethyl ester preferentially inhibited irreversible binding of [3H]Ro 15-4513 to protein P51. Not only these biochemical results but also the distribution and density of [3H]Ro 15–4513 binding sites in rat brain sections were similar to the findings with [3H]flunitrazepam. Thus, the binding sites for agonists and inverse agonists appear to be located on the same pro-teins. In contrast, whereas [3H]flunitrazepam is known to label only 25% of the benzodiazepine binding sites in brain membranes, all binding sites are photolabeled by [3H]Ro 15-4513. Thus, all benzodiazepine receptor sites are associated with photolabeled proteins with apparent molecular weights of 51, 000 and/or 55, 000. In cerebellum, an additional protein (MW 57, 000) unrelated to the benzodiazepine receptor was labeled by [3H]Ro 15-4513 but not by [3H]flunitrazepam. In brain sections, this component contributed to higher labeling by [3H]Ro 15–4513 in the granular than the molecular layer.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract: We have investigated the binding properties of[3H]quisqualate to rat metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) 1a and 5areceptors and to rat and human brain sections. Saturation isotherms gaveKD values of 27 ± 4 and 81 ± 22 nMfor mGlu1a and mGlu5a receptors, respectively. Several compounds inhibited thebinding to mGlu1a and mGlu5a receptors concentration-dependently.(S)-4-Carboxyphenylglycine,(S)-4-carboxy-3-hydroxyphenylglycine, and(R,S)-1-aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid, which completely inhibited[3H]quisqualate binding to the mGlu5a receptor, were inactive in afunctional assay using this receptor. The distribution and abundance ofbinding sites in rat and human brain sections were studied by quantitativereceptor radioautography and image analysis. Using 10 nM[3H]quisqualate, a high density of binding was detected in variousbrain regions with the following rank order of increasing levels: medulla,thalamus, olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, spinal cord dorsal horn, olfactorytubercle, dentate gyrus molecular layer, CA1-3 oriens layer of hippocampus,striatum, and cerebellar molecular layer. The ionotropic component of thisbinding could be inhibited by 30 μM kainate, revealing thedistribution of mGlu1+5 receptors. The latter were almost completely inhibitedby the group I agonist (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine. The bindingprofile correlated well with the cellular sites of synthesis and regionalexpression of the respective group I receptor proteins revealed by in situhybridization histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, respectively.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract: A new AMPA receptor antagonist, Ro 48-8587, was characterized pharmacologically in vitro. It is highly potent and selective for AMPA receptors as shown by its effects on [3H]AMPA, [3H]kainate, and [3H]MK-801 binding to rat brain membranes and on AMPA- or NMDA-induced depolarization in rat cortical wedges. [3H]Ro 48-8587 bound with a high affinity (KD = 3 nM) to a single population of binding sites with a Bmax of 1 pmol/mg of protein in rat whole brain membranes. [3H]Ro 48-8587 binding to rat whole brain membranes was inhibited by several compounds with the following rank order of potency: Ro 48-8587 〉 6-nitro-7-sulphamoylbenzo[f]quinoxaline-2,3-dione (NBQX) 〉 YM 90K 〉 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) 〉 quisqualate 〉 AMPA 〉 glutamate 〉 kainate 〉 NMDA. The distribution and abundance of specific binding sites (∼95% of total) in sections of rat CNS, revealed by quantitative receptor radioautography and image analysis, indicated a very discrete localization. Highest binding values were observed in cortical layers (binding in layers 1 and 2 〉 binding in layers 3–6), hippocampal formation, striatum, dorsal septum, reticular thalamic nucleus, cerebellar molecular layer, and spinal cord dorsal horn. At 1 nM, the values for specific binding were highest in the cortical layers 1 and 2 and lowest in the brainstem (∼2.6 and 0.4 pmol/mg of protein, respectively). Ro 48-8587 is a potent and selective AMPA receptor antagonist with improved binding characteristics (higher affinity, selectivity, and specific binding) compared with those previously reported.

Electronic Resource

1365-2494

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

3-inch sheep shears powered by various motors have been used extensively for sampling in grazing experiments at Hurley since 1958. General observations on their use are made and the results obtained in comparisons of sampling methods made in 1958 and 1959 are discussed.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

We investigated the effect of Zn on agonist binding to both recombinant and native mGlu2 and mGlu3 receptors. Zn had a biphasic inhibitory effect on recombinant mGlu2 with IC50 values for the high- and low-affinity components of 60 ± 10 µm and 2 ± 0.7 mm, respectively. Zn induced a complex biphasic effect of inhibition and enhancement of [3H]LY354740 binding to mGlu3. Observations with a series of chimeric mGlu2/3 receptors suggest that the Zn effect resides in the N-terminal domain of mGlu2 and mGlu3. We observed that the His56 of mGlu2, which corresponds to Asp63 in mGlu3 was largely accountable for the second phase of the Zn effect. As revealed by quantitative receptor radioautography, the addition of up to 100 µm Zn to brain sections of wild-type mice resulted in significant decreases in binding density in most brain regions. In particular, the mid-molecular layer of the dentate gyrus (DGmol) and the CA1 lacunosum moleculare of hippocampus (CA1-LMol) showed reductions of 62 and 67%, respectively. In contrast, the addition of 300 µm Zn to brain sections of mGlu2–/– mice caused large increases in binding density of 289 and 242% in DGmol and CA1-LMol, respectively. Therefore, Zn might play a role as a physiological modulator of group II mGlu receptor function.

Electronic Resource

1745-6592

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Geosciences

We have developed a rugged, durable platinum wire Eh electrode for application in subsurface environments. The electrode design is described in detail and its performance under aerobic and anaerobic steady-state and transient conditions is assessed. The electrode consists of a 0.5-mm-diameter platinum wire (99.99% purity) cast in a glass fiber-reinforced epoxy jacket. The construction allowed installation through direct insertion into sandy media to depths up to several meters. Data collection was through connection to a datalogger with high impedance input; data points were collected every 10 seconds and averaged and stored once an hour. The electrodes functioned in situ for periods of more than three years and gave reliable readings during oxic, anoxic, and transitional conditions. Performance testing and examination of electrodes recovered after three years in situ indicated that they were not impacted by corrosion, dissolution, or poisoning.

Electronic Resource

1478-1913

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Theology and Religious Studies

Electronic Resource

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

The effect of pre- versus postincisional epidural blockade without the use of systemic opioids was investigated in a randomised, double-blind study of two groups of 25 patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy performed under general anaesthesia. The first group received, via a lumbar epidural catheter, 0.9% saline (16 ml) 15 min prior to surgical incision and 0.5% bupivacaine (15 ml) and fentanyl 50 μg (1 ml) 15 min prior to skin closure. The second group of 25 patients received the same amount of bupivacaine and fentanyl 15 min pre-incision and saline prior to skin closure. Visual analogue pain scores and patient-controlled morphine consumption were measured at specified times for 48 h. We were unable to detect any significant difference in either of the outcome measures for the two groups and thus were unable to demonstrate that epidural blockade using local anaesthetic and opioid has a pre-emptive effect.

Electronic Resource

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

In a randomised cross-over trial, midazolam, a new water soluble benzodiazepine was compared with the conventional diazepam preparation (Valium) in 34 patients aged 16—45 years who were undergoing outpatient conservation dentistry. Midazolam hydrochloride (0.17 mg/kg) was virtually free of venous complications and showed advantages over diazepam (0.32 mg/kg) in providing a faster onset of action, higher incidence of amnesia and more rapid recovery. Midazolam produced a higher incidence of respiratory side effects: hiccough (17.6% compared with 2.9%), brief apnoea following induction (11.8% compared with 5.8%), and airway obstruction during maintenance (8.8%, compared with 0%). These may be related to the greater potency of midazolam as suggested by the smaller total dose required. Cardiovascular changes and operating conditions were similar.

Electronic Resource