Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:J. Farquhar)

2014-11-08

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Biological Products/chemical synthesis/chemistry/*history ; History, Ancient ; Indonesia ; Seawater/*chemistry ; Sulfates/analysis/*history ; Sulfur Isotopes/analysis/history

2014-11-08

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Bacteria/*metabolism ; Carbonates/chemistry ; Chemical Fractionation ; Iron/chemistry ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Seawater/*chemistry/*microbiology ; Sulfates/chemistry/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Sulfides/chemistry ; Sulfur Isotopes/chemistry/isolation & purification/metabolism

2014-04-18

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

2013-04-27

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

1471-0528

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1471-0528

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

An oral load of L-phenylalanine (150 mg. per kg. body weight) was given to five women three hours before delivery by hysterotomy of their 16–18 week conceptuses. A sixth woman was delivered of a 16-week conceptus after two hours continuous intravenous infusion of L-phenylalanine (75 mg. per kg. body weight per hour).Concentrations of free amino acids were measured in maternal venous plasma, umbilical arterial plasma, fetal urine, amniotic fluid and cerebrospinal fluid. Free amino acid concentrations were also measured in maternal and umbilical vein plasma and amniotic fluid of a treated phenylketonuric mother delivered spontaneously at 36 weeks gestation of a non-phenylketonuric infant.Increased concentrations of phenylalanine were measured in all maternal plasma samples obtained one, two and three hours after ingestion of L-phenylalanine and during intravenous infusion. There were correspondingly high concentrations of phenylalanine in fetal plasma, fetal urine, amniotic fluid and fetal cerebrospinal fluid at delivery.Tyrosine concentrations were also increased in maternal and fetal plasma, fetal urine, amniotic fluid and fetal cerebrospinal fluid of mothers given phenylalanine. Although maternal plasma, fetal plasma and amniotic fluid from the phenylketonuric mother contained increased concentrations of phenylalanine, there was no increase in the tyrosine concentrations in these fluids.The mean umbilical artery plasma-maternal vein plasma ratios for phenylalanine was 2·35 in normal 15- to 20-week pregnancies, 2·26 three hours after oral L-phenylalanine, 1·29 after intravenous infusion of L-phenylalanine and 1·45 in the phenylketonuric pregnancy. Corresponding ratios for tyrosine were 2·52, 2·30, 2·15 and 2·90. In the acute tolerance studies the mean fetal plasma phenylalanine-tyrosine ratio was 2·47 and in the phenylketonuric fetus 8·16.There were reductions in maternal plasma concentrations of most amino acids three hours after the oral phenylalanine and these reductions were significant for methionine, lysine, histidine and arginine. These changes were not reflected in the amniotic fluid but there were significant reductions in fetal plasma threonine and arginine and in fetal urine threonine and taurine. Methionine concentrations were increased in the maternal plasma, fetal plasma and amniotic fluid of the treated phenylketonuric mother.The human placenta does not “protect” the fetus from increased maternal plasma concentrations of phenylalanine in the normal or phenylketonuric mother.

Electronic Resource

1365-4632

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract: A clinical trial of the pyrethroid permethrin in 1% lotion was performed on 20 children. Ten were treated (or 10 minutes and 10 for 2 hours. All lice washed off the heads of children treated for 2 hours were dead immediately after treatment. Twenty-four percent of the lice removed from one child treated for 10 minutes were still alive 2 hours later. The ovicidal effect was similar in both groups, with egg mortality 88% and 90% following 10-minute and 2-hour treatment, respectively. The mortality of untreated control eggs was 14% and 11%, respectively.

Electronic Resource

1745-4557

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Ground beef patties or steaks prepared with seasoning, with or without sauce, may be enriched by the addition of textured vegetable protein at a level of 8.5% and probably more (dry weight basis) with no adverse effect on sensory quality retention. There is an approximately doubling of protein content, but the PER is reduced somewhat. These products maintained high quality shelf-life when stored at −20° or lower at fairly constant temperatures.Addition of yeast single cell protein had to be limited to 3% (dry weight basis) because of its high nucleic acid content. Even this small addition however increased total protein content by 40%, and improved the protein efficiency ratio. Sensory quality however, was reduced so that high quality shelf-life was limited to 6 months. Even after 3 months there was a discernible rancid off-flavor. When stored at constant −30°C high quality shelf-life was retained for 12 months.Non-fat milk solids, or cheese could be added where appropriate (e.g. pizza) as much as 10% (dry weight basis), doubling and even tripling in some instances percent protein, and maintaining essentially the same PER. From the sensory acceptability standpoint, however, they behave quite similarly to the single cell protein.

Electronic Resource

1365-4632

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

: A clinical trial of the pyrethroid permethrin in 1% lotion was performed on 20 children. Ten were treated for 10 minutes and 10 for 2 hours. All lice washed off the heads of children treated for 2 hours were dead immediately after treatment. Twenty-four percent of the lice removed from one child treated for 10 minutes were still alive 2 hours later. The ovicidal effect was similar in both groups, with egg mortality 88% and 90% following 10-minute and 2-hour treatment, respectively. The mortality of untreated control eggs was 14% and 11%, respectively.

Electronic Resource

0010-7565

General, Interdisciplinary

0010-7565

General, Interdisciplinary

0010-7565

General, Interdisciplinary

0012-821X

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Geosciences

Physics

Electronic Resource

0731-7085

N-Acetyl-l-cysteine ; degradation studies ; impurities. ; reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Electronic Resource

0277-9536

epistemology ; medical anthropology ; traditional Chinese medicine ; yin and yang

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1432-1076

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1432-0967

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Geosciences

Abstract  Preservation of high-temperature mineral isotopic compositions is necessary for successful high-temperature isotopic thermometry. Other requirements include large fractionations between constituent minerals, well-calibrated equilibria, carefully designed sampling strategies and data handling techniques that quantitatively account for retrograde exchange. Here, we apply isotopic thermometry and data handling techniques to calculate and contrast mineral-pair apparent temperature data and observed closure temperature data (T c-observed) (cf. Farquhar et al. 1993) for the very high temperature (〉900°C), dry granulites of the Taltson Magmatic Zone of Northwestern Canada and the Napier Complex of Enderby Land, Antarctica. The isotopic compositions of garnet grains from both terrains reflect high temperature conditions (〉950°C) and point to this mineral as an excellent candidate for isotopic thermometry. The isotopic compositions of quartz, pyroxene, ilmenite and magnetite indicate that they equilibrated to lower temperature conditions (〈900°C) due to faster rates of oxygen diffusion in these minerals, possibly enhanced by exsolution and ductile deformation, compared with garnet. Our temperature data for garnet and pyroxene are ≈200°C higher than is possible to explain by existing “wet” diffusion data, but is consistent with “dry” diffusion data, suggesting that the extremely dry nature of these rocks may have played a significant role in the preservation of high-temperature isotopic compositions. Both quartz and magnetite exhibit subgrain features, indicative of ductile deformation. Quartz-magnetite temperatures from the Napier complex are similar to those inferred for a late (D3) deformation and are lower than those predicted by “dry” diffusion data. We infer that the quartz-magnetite isotopic fractionations reflect deformation-enhanced exchange that accompanied D3. Garnet in these same samples did not undergo ductile deformation and did not exchange oxygen with coexisiting phases during cooling. This may reflect strain partitioning between less easily deformed, low abundance garnet and more easily deformed matrix quartz and magnetite. The resistance of garnet to ductile deformation in these rocks is a second reason why garnet is suitable for isotopic thermometry.

Electronic Resource