Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:J. C. Reed)

2011-06-10

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics/*organization & administration ; Neglected Diseases/drug therapy/metabolism ; Translational Medical Research/economics/*organization & administration/trends ; United States

2011-01-22

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/*antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/*antagonists & ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Caspase 1/metabolism ; Caspase Inhibitors ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Herpesvirus 8, Human/genetics/immunology/*physiology ; Humans ; *Immune Evasion ; *Immunity, Innate ; Inflammasomes/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Monocytes/virology ; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Transfection ; Viral Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Virus Activation ; Virus Latency ; Virus Replication

2011-11-26

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use ; *Apoptosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mitochondria/*physiology ; Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*physiopathology

2011-05-10

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Apoptosis/immunology ; BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein/genetics/*immunology ; Colitis/genetics/immunology ; Epithelial Cells/*immunology ; HEK293 Cells ; HT29 Cells ; Humans ; I-kappa B Kinase/immunology ; Immunity, Innate/*genetics ; Inflammation/*genetics ; Intestinal Mucosa/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein/immunology ; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein/immunology ; RNA Interference ; Signal Transduction/genetics/immunology

2018-04-14

The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

0022-538X

1098-5514

Medicine

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Minority-carrier response and conductance loss characteristics of SiNx/Si/Ge/n-GaAs(001) metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) structures are presented. The response time of minority carriers with Si(≤10 Å)/Ge (20 Å) interlayers, as determined by the capacitance–voltage (C–V) method, is several orders of magnitude smaller than those with Si interlayers only. The minority carriers in n-type Si/Ge/GaAs layers respond to even a small ac signal of 1 kHz at room temperature, which is ascribed to the smaller band gap and thus a higher intrinsic carrier concentration of Ge. The minority carriers in the SiNx/Si/Ge/n-GaAs MIS structures respond to a 1 MHz signal at a sample temperature of 230 °C. Temperature-dependent C–V measurements on the GaAs MIS structure with Si/Ge, interlayers revealed the activation energy (Ea) of the minority-carrier recombination to be about 0.58 eV. The conductance loss characteristics of SiNx/Si/Ge/GaAs structures indicate a contribution by interface traps responding to slow states, while the fast states are a result of interface defects of the SiNx/Si/GaAs MIS system. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

0002-9556

Psychology

1432-0533

Key words  Apoptosis ; Bcl-2 ; Bax ; Bcl-x ; Cerebellum

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract We investigated the expression of the apoptosis modulating proteins Bcl-2, Bax and Bcl-x in the cerebellum of mutant lurcher and weaver mice. Lurcher Purkinje cells and weaver germinal (granule neuron progenitor) cells both die via apoptosis during the postnatal cerebellar development. No significant changes in the expression patterns were detected prior to the actual cell death process. Instead apoptotic lurcher Purkinje cells exhibited increased Bax and Bcl-x expression, while surviving cells had an expression pattern similar to that of healthy littermates. Increased Bax expression was also found in apoptotic weaver germinal cells, while no change of Bcl-x expression was detected. Bcl-2 was expressed at low levels in cerebellar neurons and no loss of Bcl-2 was evident. The observed expression patterns of Bcl-2, Bax and Bcl-x protein in apoptotic lurcher and weaver neurons support the hypothesis that the execution of neuronal apoptosis involves increased expression of Bax, which could represent a general mechanism in diverse neurodegenerative processes.

Electronic Resource

1573-675X

Apoptosis ; bcl-2 ; cisplatin resistance ; p53

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Abstract Since apoptosis is the primary mode of cell death induced by cisplatin, the role of apoptosis and apoptosis-related gene products in cisplatin resistance was investigated in four human cisplatin-resistant cell lines of different tumour type. A common feature of the resistant sublines was a reduced susceptibility to drug-induced apoptosis compared to parental sensitive lines. Loss of wild-type p53 function was not a general event associated with the development of drug resistance. An increased bcl-2 expression was found in resistant cells characterized by mutant p53 (A431/Pt and IGROV-1/Pt), whereas in osteosarcoma (U2-OS/Pt) and in ovarian carcinoma (A2780/CP) cells with wild-type p53, bcl-2 levels were markedly reduced. U2-OS/Pt cells had a 16-fold increase in the level of Bcl-xL protein. Stable transfection of U2-OS cells with bcl-xL cDNA conferred a low level of drug resistance to cisplatin, suggesting that overexpression of this gene contributes to the ci splatin-resistant phenotype of this osteosarcoma cell system. In conclusion, these observations suggest a variable contribution of apoptosis-related genes to cisplatin resistance depending on the biological background of the cell system and presumably reflecting different pathways of apoptosis.

Electronic Resource

1573-675X

Apoptosis ; Bcl-2 ; dexamethasone ; Nb2 lymphoma ; Pim-1 ; prolactin

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Abstract The parental rat Nb2 lymphoma is a prolactin (PRL)-dependent T cell line. Exposure of a PRL-independent subline, Nb2-SFJCD1, to sodium butyrate (NaBT) causes transient reversal of their growth factor-independent proliferation in association with constitutive expression of protooncogenes pim-1and c-myc. In the present study, we investigated the effect of NaBT treatment on the sensitivity of Nb2-SFJCD1 cells to dexamethasone (DEX)-induced apoptosis. Pretreatment with NaBT (2 mM, 72 h) partially reversed resistance to apoptosis in Nb2-SFJCD1 cells exposed to DEX (100 nM) for 12 h, assessed by flow cytometric analyses of DNA fragmentation. However, the cytolytic effect of DEX was abrogated by PRL i n a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Eval uati on of apoptosis-associated gene expression in NaBT-pre-treated cultures incubated with DEX or DEX+PRL indicated that the apoptosis resistance did not stem from altered bcl-2 or bax expression. However, there was a strong correlation between the resistance to DEX-activated apoptosis and their enhanced expression of pim-1 mRNA and protein. The results show that it is possible to reverse DEX-induced apoptosis of Nb2 pre-T cells and suggest the pim-1 gene product has an important role as a suppressor of this process, perhaps functioning as a mediator of PRL action.

Electronic Resource

1573-675X

Apoptosis ; apoptin ; BAG-1 ; Bcl-2 ; p53 ; programmed cell death

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Abstract BAG-1 has been identified as a Bcl-2-binding protein that inhibits apoptosis, either alone or in co-operation with Bcl-2. Here we show that BAG-1 inhibits p53- induced apoptosis in the human tumour cell line Saos-2. In contrast, BAG-1 was unable to inhibit the p53-independent pathway induced by apoptin, an apoptosis-inducing protein derived from chicken anaemia virus. Whereas BAG-1 seemed to co-operate with Bcl-2 to repress p53-induced apoptosis, co-expression of these proteins had no inhibitory effect on apoptin-induced apoptosis. Moreover, Bcl-2, and to some extent also BAG-1, paradoxically enhanced the apoptotic activity of apoptin. These results demonstrate that p53 and apoptin induce apoptosis through independent pathways, which are differentially regulated by BAG-1 and Bcl-2.

Electronic Resource

0001-1541

Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

All available data on flow of non-Newtonians in pipes have been correlated on the conventional friction factor  -  Reynolds number plot for Newtonian fluids. This correlation, theoretically rigorous in the laminar flow region, was tested with data on 16 different non-Newtonian materials covering the 2.1 × 109 range of Reynolds numbers from 6.3 × 10-5 to 1.3 × 105. Pipe diameters varied from 1/8 to 12 in. As the correlation does not depend on the type of fluid encountered, it may be used with Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids alike.In spite of the great range of the available experimetnal data, further work is necessary in the transition and turbulent-flow regions. No data at all were available on thixotropic, rheopectic, and dilatant fluids, and extension of the correlation to these materials should prove most illuminative from both theoretical and practical viewpoints.

4 Ill.

Electronic Resource

1618-2650

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource