Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:Heimann)

Heimann, Paul; Otto, Gunter; Schulz, Wolfgang

Unknown

220 S.

5., bearb. Auflage

German

Heimann, Paul; Thomas, Helga

Unknown

244 S.

1. Auflage

3129233806

German

Storch, Hans von; Güss, Stefan; Heimann, Martin

Unknown

255 S.

3540658300

Harsch, Günther; Heimann, Rebekka

Unknown

407 S.

3540670327

1618-2650

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Zusammenfassung Die Bedingungen und die Anwendungsmöglichkeit der von Embden entwickelten gravimetrischen Methode zur Bestimmung geringer Mengen an Phosphorsäure wurden untersucht und in einigen wichtigen Punkten, vor allem im Hinblick auf die heute gebräuchlichen Mineralisierungsverfahren, ergänzt und richtiggestellt: 1. In bezug auf die Anwendbarkeit der Methode wurde festgestellt, daß man das Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Phosphormengen bis zu 50 μg P herab verwenden kann, wenn man in neutraler oder saurer Lösung fällt, zwischen Fällung und Filtration nicht länger als 2 Std wartet und unter genau einzuhaltenden Bedingungen eine Blindwertbestimmung der verwendeten Reagenzien durchführt. Der Umrechnungsfaktor für Phosphor beträgt 89,3 und nicht 98, wie in der Literatur häufig angegeben ist. 2. Die von uns untersuchten Schwermetallkatalysatoren, die vielfach bei nassen Aufschlußverfahren verwendet werden — CuSO4, CuO, HgSO4, Hg2SO4, Hg —, beeinflussen mit Ausnahme von Hg, das normalerweise in verhältnismäßig hoher Konzentration (1 g und mehr) zur Anwendung kommt, die Embden-Bestimmung nicht. Durch die übliche Ausfällung des Quecksilbers mit H2S kann diese Störung ausgeschaltet werden. 3. Sowohl Selen als auch das Selen enthaltende Wieninger-Reaktionsgemisch können erhebliche Fehler verursachen. Für einwandfreie P-Bestimmungen dürfen in der Fällungslösung höchstens 5 mg Selen oder 500 mg Wieninger-Reaktionsgemisch vorliegen. Bei höheren Selenmengen müssen diese vor der Phosphorbestimmung nach einem besonderen Fällungsverfahren mit SO2 entfernt werden. 4. Auch Wasserstoffperoxyd stört schon in geringen Mengen die Embden-Methode. Zur Zerstörung von H2O2 und eventuell vorliegender Peroxyschwefelsäuren muß deshalb bei Aufschlüssen mit H2O2 vor der P-Fällung genügend lange gekocht werden. Zur restlosen Entfernung der Peroxyschwefelsäuren, die hydrolytisch H2O2 abspalten, empfiehlt sich eine kurze SO2-Behandlung der verdünnten schwefelsauren Lösung vor der eigentlichen Phosphorsäure-Fällung.

Electronic Resource

2019-07-02

In the context of the so-called refugee crisis, political disputes about solidarity become a central issue with member states applying competing concepts. At the same time, European cities use transnational networks to implement a new form of solidarity among municipalities via city diplomacy (Acuto, Morissette & Tsouros, 2017). Analyzing the deadlock between member states and the emerging activities of cities, we scrutinize the limits of existing approaches to political solidarity (e.g., Agustín & Jørgensen, 2019; Knodt, Tews & Piefer, 2014; Sangiovanni, 2013) to explain this phenomenon. Based on expert interviews and document analysis from a study on transnational municipal networks, we identify an emerging concept of solidarity that challenges the nation states as core providers of solidarity from within: transmunicipal solidarity focuses on joint action of local governments to scale out and scale up.

Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ; Politikwissenschaft ; Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ; Political science ; European Union; city networks; concepts of solidarity; integration policy; migration policy; refugee controversy ; Migration, Sociology of Migration ; Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture ; politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur ; Migration ; EU ; network ; policy on refugees ; migration policy ; town ; conception ; integration policy ; solidarity ; Solidarität ; Stadt ; Netzwerk ; Konzeption ; Migrationspolitik ; Integrationspolitik ; Flüchtlingspolitik

journal article, Zeitschriftenartikel

2021-10-28

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly being implemented in journalism, possibly leading to various fundamental changes within the field. Especially the forerunner countries U.S. and Germany make use of the technologies in several sub-sectors of reporting. While pioneer-studies exploring said implementation have focused on audience, as well as practitioners’ perceptions of AI, a focus on the democratically crucial political journalism is lacking. Therefore, the given paper investigates how those working in the journalistic field in Germany and the U.S. evaluate AI-usage in political reporting. Scopes, contexts, and opportunities, as well as risks of the technologies are considered. Eleven interviews with experts from leading news organizations were conducted and analyzed using a qualitative content analysis, focusing on comparisons between the two countries. Results show varying strategies of AI implementation within the two countries, with election coverage being the predominant political topic reported on with the help of AI. Furthermore, the findings show that AI could possibly free journalists from routine tasks, and allows for more in-depth and large-scale research, which in turn could lead to an increase in the qualitative standard of political journalism. However, journalists also point towards ethical and economic concerns. Considering the results, directions for future research and the practice of journalism are discussed.

Publizistische Medien, Journalismus,Verlagswesen ; Technik, Technologie ; News media, journalism, publishing ; Technology (Applied sciences) ; AI; Political Journalism ; Kommunikatorforschung, Journalismus ; Technikfolgenabschätzung ; Communicator Research, Journalism ; Technology Assessment ; künstliche Intelligenz ; Journalismus ; Bundesrepublik Deutschland ; USA ; artificial intelligence ; journalism ; Federal Republic of Germany ; United States of America ; 10800

Sammelwerksbeitrag, collection article

2025-04-10

In diesem Konferenzbeitrag werden Kernideen aus "Klimakulturen und Raum" (Heimann 2017) kompiliert. Thorsten Heimann geht der Frage nach, wie sich kulturelle Unterschiede im Umgang mit Klimawandel an europäischen Küsten beschreiben und erklären lassen. Dazu entwickelt er das Konzept des relationalen Kulturraums, erarbeitet umweltsoziologische Erklärungsansätze und prüft diese anhand einer Befragung von 830 Akteuren der Raumentwicklung europäischer Küstenstaaten. Er antwortet damit auf raumtheoretische Debatten zur kulturellen Globalisierung, in denen die Gebundenheit von Kulturen an Orte zunehmend in Frage gestellt wird. Mit dem relationalen Kulturraumansatz können kulturelle Formationen zukünftig in vielfältigen sozialwissenschaftlichen Anwendungsfeldern untersucht werden.

Soziologie, Anthropologie ; Sociology & anthropology ; Geteiltes Wissen; Kulturelle Globalisierung; Relationaler Kulturraum ; Kultursoziologie, Kunstsoziologie, Literatursoziologie ; Cultural Sociology, Sociology of Art, Sociology of Literature ; Klimawandel ; Resilienz ; Vulnerabilität ; Globalisierung ; Europa ; Kultur ; climate change ; resilience ; vulnerability ; globalization ; Europe ; culture

Konferenzbeitrag, Sammelwerksbeitrag, conference paper, collection article

2020-07-11

Um die politisch-ökonomische Bildung an Schulen wird seit längerem gestritten. Fraglich ist, ob die curricularen Vorgaben (Lehrpläne) und Lehr-Lern-Materialien (Schulbücher und Materialien externer Anbieter) relevante aktuelle Entwicklungen und den Stand der Wissenschaft angemessen berücksichtigen und ob sie insgesamt hinreichend wissenschaftlich wie auch wirtschafts- und sozialpolitisch kontrovers sind. Die Studie trägt zur Forschung und zur didaktischen Arbeit an Schulen und Universitäten dadurch bei, dass sie den angemessenen Wissenschaftsbezug und die Gewährleistung von Kontroversität erstmalig massentextanalytisch bearbeitet hat. Sie hat empirisches Material in einer bislang unbekannten Breite analysieren können (103 Lehrpläne, 26 Schulkapitel und 1.598 externe Unterrichtsmaterialien). Im Abgleich mit einem sozialwissenschaftlichen Referenzkorpus (52 Einführungen und Sammelbände) konnten erhebliche Defizite im Wissenschaftsbezug und bei der Gewährleistung der Kontroversität wie auch ein erheblicher didaktischer Nationalismus identifiziert werden. Im Umgang mit den genannten Defiziten in den Lehr-Lern-Materialien entwickelt die Studie die Einführung eines konkreten Lernmoduls in der Lehramtsausbildung, mit dem die Anforderungen an Wissenschaftsbezug und Kontroversität exemplarisch eingeübt und vertieft werden. Die Studie entwickelt zudem institutionelle Anforderungen an eine innovative Curriculumrevision.

Political and economic education in schools has long been a bone of contention. It is questionable whether the curricular guidelines and teaching-learning materials (school books and materials from external providers) adequately take into account relevant current developments and the state of the art in social science, and whether they are sufficiently controversial in representing science and politics. The study contributes to current research and to didactic work at schools and universities by addressing the fit of reference to social science and the ensuring of controversy through mass text analysis for the first time. It has been able to analyse empirical material in a hitherto unknown breadth (103 curricula, 26 school book chapters and 1,598 external teaching materials). In a comparison with a corpus of social science references (52 textbooks and anthologies), considerable deficits could be identified in relation to the adequate representation of scientific knowledge as well as in safeguarding controversy. In addition, a considerable didactic nationalism has been detected.

Bildung und Erziehung ; Education ; Kontroversität; sozioökonomische Bildung; KoWiMa ; Unterricht, Didaktik ; Curriculum, Teaching, Didactics ; politische Bildung ; ökonomische Bildung ; Schulbildung ; Curriculum ; Unterrichtsmaterial ; Lehrplan ; Qualität ; Wissenschaftlichkeit ; Fachdidaktik ; political education ; economic education ; school education ; curriculum ; teaching materials ; syllabus ; quality ; scientific character ; subject didactics

Forschungsbericht, research report

2024-08-29

Ilka Sommer: Die Gewalt des kollektiven Besserwissens: Kämpfe um die Anerkennung ausländischer Berufsqualifikationen in Deutschland. Bielefeld: Transcript 2015. 978-3-8376-3292-7

Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ; Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ; Europa; Globalisierung / Weltgesellschaft; Recht; Wirtschaft & Recht ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Social Sciences

Rezension, review

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Zero kinetic energy (ZKE) spectra of N2, CO, C2H4, and C6H6 were taken across the N1s (N2) and C1s ionization thresholds. Discrete resonances at subthreshold photon energies were observed and were found to become more intense as threshold is approached relative to the same peaks in absorption spectra. For N2 the satellite/main line branching ratios at threshold are: 11(1)% for the 419.7(1) eV binding energy satellite, and 2.3(1.0)% for the 426.5(1) eV binding energy satellite. For CO, the branching ratio for the 304.6(1) eV binding energy satellite is 15(2)% at its threshold. Branching ratios at threshold are also determined for the satellites of C6H6 and C2H4. Decay characteristics and assignments of the continuum features of C6H6 and C2H4 are also discussed.

Electronic Resource

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

The core-level photoexcitation and photoionization of SF6 were studied in the vicinity of the resonances below and above the S 2p threshold. The decay channels of the S 2p→6a1g discrete excitation were characterized, with decay leading mostly to valence-shell satellites. The S 2p continuum data show an oscillatory asymmetry parameter β(S 2p) near threshold that is virtually identical to β(Si 2p) in SiF4. It also resembles—but differs from—theoretical curves for β(S 2p) in atomic sulfur and in SF6. Data at the feature assigned as an eg shape resonance indicate strong multielectron properties for this state, because a resonance in the S 2p satellite is observed at the same photon energy as the main-line resonance. We propose a unified model which generally includes configuration interaction both in the continuum-state manifold and between discrete doubly excited states and the continua, to explain this unexpected satellite behavior. Finally, the S(L2,3VV) Auger electron asymmetry parameter shows no significant deviation from zero near the t2g and eg shape resonances.

Electronic Resource

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

For condensed benzene ice layers, core photoabsorption near edge structure (x-ray absorption; recorded by Auger electron yield measurements), decay electron spectra for resonant and nonresonant excitation, and fragmentation as evident in yields of hydrogen and other ions, have been measured in the C1s region. The absorption spectrum is better resolved than most previously published spectra, exhibits some new features, and shows a high degree of parallelity to the spectrum of isolated molecules. Interestingly, the hydrogen ion yield indicates a particular dissociativeness of a certain core excitation resonance, X, which in the molecule has previously been assigned to a Rydberg state. This selective dissociation suggests that the responsible excitation is strongly antibonding for the carbon–hydrogen bond, while the degenerate Rydberg states broaden into a conduction band in the solid; and that the bond breaking probably occurs or at least starts in the core-excited state, thus proceeding on an extremely short time scale, similarly to observations for other hydrogen-containing molecules. The decay spectra are analyzed in terms of autoionization vs normal Auger decay and indicate that, apart from the first strong π resonance (which leads to pure autoionization) and the X resonance, the core resonances partly or fully ionize before core decay takes place. For the X resonance, the decay spectrum contains a contribution which cannot be assigned to intact benzene; this is taken as additional evidence for ultrafast dissociation, i.e., competitive with core decay. We use these results for a discussion of the influence of condensation on excitation, decay, and fragmentation.

Electronic Resource

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Resonant photoemission has been studied above the carbon 1s ionization thresholds in gas-phase benzene and ethylene. The experimental data for both molecules include relative partial cross section and asymmetry-parameter measurements for the C 1s main line and asymmetry-parameter measurements for one C 1s shake-up satellite in each system. Resonances above the C K edge have been analyzed on the basis of their decay to either the C 1s main line or valence-hole states, and have been tentatively assigned as either shape resonances or doubly excited states according to their observed one-electron or many-electron decay, respectively. The importance of determining the resonant behavior of all available photoemission channels in the proximity of a resonance is thus illustrated.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Bending magnet beamline 9.3.2 at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) was designed for high resolution spectroscopy with the capability for delivering circularly polarized light in the soft x-ray energy region using three gratings. The monochromator is a fixed included-angle spherical grating monochromator (SGM) and was originally used at SSRL as a prototype for later insertion-device-based monochromators for the ALS. For operation at the ALS, the toroidal pre-mirror used at SSRL was replaced by a horizontally focusing and a vertically focusing mirror in the Kirkpatrick-Baez configuration. Circularly polarized radiation is obtained by inserting a water-cooled movable aperture in front of the vertically focusing mirror to allow selecting the beam either above or below the horizontal plane. To maintain a stable beam intensity through the entrance slit, the photocurrent signals from the upper and lower jaws of the entrance slit are utilized to set a feedback loop with the vertically deflecting mirror piezoelectric drive. The beamline end station has a movable platform that accommodates two experimental chambers enabling the synchrotron radiation to be directed to either one of the two experimental chambers without breaking the vacuum. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

The radiation from the 5 cm period undulator at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) has been characterized using a transmission grating spectrometer. Spectral and angular distributions of radiation were measured for deflection parameter K values between 0.45 and 2.12 at low storage ring current (0.1–0.5 mA). From the calibration of the spectrometer, the absolute flux density of the undulator harmonics has been determined together with the spectral linewidth. The electron-beam emittance was determined by analyzing the angular distribution of the redshifted fundamental. Comparison has been made with radiation calculations based upon the measured magnetic-field data of the undulator. Including field errors, electron-beam emittance, and energy spread, good agreement is found between theoretically and experimentally determined harmonic widths and peak brightness. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

The performance of ALS beamline 7.0 is described. This is an integrated system for delivering radiation from a 5 cm period undulator to spectroscopy and microscopy experiments across the range of photon energies from 60 to 1200 eV. The beamline is engineered to deliver the highest possible flux, with negligible deformation of the optic surfaces due to heating. Two experiment stations are served with rapid interchangeability. The measured operational parameters, the resolution and flux delivered, and the refocus of the light into a small spot at the experiment are all discussed. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

The results of the measurements of spectral and angular distribution of the U5.0 (5 cm period) and U8.0 (8 cm period) Advanced Light Source (ALS) undulators are described. The spectra of on-axis undulator radiation were measured for various values of the deflection parameter K. In particular, the high K case was studied, representing the region between the undulator and wiggler limits. Good agreement in harmonic peak flux and width is found between the measurements and the computations that include the real magnetic field, the electron beam energy spread, and the electron beam emittance. The effect of the undulator taper on the spectral characteristics of the radiation was analyzed. At small taper (∼0.5% gap variation) significant reduction in peak brightness and flux of the fifth harmonic was observed with small effect on the fundamental. The near field effect in the undulator radiation was studied by measuring the off-axis spectral and angular distributions of the radiation. The broadening and the fine structure in the distributions at large off-axis angles were observed, resulting from the near field effect. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

A differentially pumped rare gas cell has been developed to suppress undulator harmonics on the Chemical Dynamics Beamline at the Advanced Light Source. Greater than 104 suppression of the harmonics has been demonstrated with no measurable (〈5%) attenuation of the fundamental. The overall design is presented, and vacuum and optical performance are reported. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1524-4741

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract:  Management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) has been evolving and the majority of women are now being treated with breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy (i.e. breast conservation therapy [BCT]). Controversies still exist regarding the histologic features and margin status that are associated with local recurrence. The goal of this study was to review our institution's experience in patients diagnosed with DCIS and treated with BCT to determine pathologic features that can predict local recurrence, with particular emphasis on the final surgical margin status. We analyzed 103 consecutive patients with DCIS who were treated with BCT between 1986 and 2000. The slides were reviewed to determine the final margin status, type of DCIS, size of DCIS, nuclear grade, presence of necrosis and calcification, and volume of excised specimen. Margins were considered positive when DCIS touched or was transected at an inked margin. Negative margins were further categorized as close (less than 1 mm), 1–5 mm, and more than 5 mm. The size of the DCIS was determined based on either the maximal dimension on a slide or from the number of consecutive slides containing DCIS. Morphology and immunohistochemical profiles of the recurrent DCIS cases were compared with original DCIS. All patients were treated uniformly with external beam radiation therapy to the entire breast (median dose 46 Gy) with a boost to the tumor bed (median dose 14 Gy). The median follow-up was 63 months (range 7–191 months). The actuarial 5-year local control rate was 89%. The median time to local recurrence was 55 months. There were 13 local recurrences, of which 9 recurred as pure DCIS and 4 as invasive ductal carcinomas. Univariate analysis showed a significant association with local recurrence for positive margin (p = 0.008), high nuclear grade (p = 0.02), and young age at diagnosis (p = 0.03). If margins were negative, the 5-year local control was 93%, as compared to 69% if margins were positive. A multivariate analysis showed that early age at diagnosis, positive margin status, and high nuclear grade were independently associated with local recurrence. The morphology and immunohistochemical stains of all nine recurrent DCIS were similar to those of the original DCIS. Breast conservation can be achieved with excellent local control by obtaining microscopically negative margins as strictly defined by DCIS not touching the inked surgical margins, and postoperative radiation that includes boost therapy to the tumor bed.

Electronic Resource