Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:Hauptmann)

1365-2036

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

5-Amino salicylic acid preparations are used in therapy for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. The bioavailability of these drugs depends on their coating.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To determine whether intraluminal pH is decreased by the presence of inflammation, thereby altering the release of 5-amino salicylic acid in the intestinal lumen.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Intraluminal gastrointestinal pH was measured by means of a radiotelemetry capsule in 12 healthy controls, in 12 patients with Crohn’s disease (five with active disease), and in 11 patients with ulcerative colitis (seven with active disease).〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:The median gastric pH values in the patient groups (Crohn’s disease 2.4, range 1.5–4.1; ulcerative colitis 1.95, range 1.55–4.4) were significantly higher than those observed in the controls (1.55, range 0.95–2.6). In the small bowel and colonic segments, all the pH values of Crohn’s disease patients were comparable to those of the controls, as were the pH values in the proximal small intestine and in the left colon in patients with ulcerative colitis. However, the latter group had higher pH values in the terminal ileum, the caecum and the right colon. Patients with active disease had comparable median gastrointestinal pH values to patients in remission.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:The luminal release of 5-amino salicylic acid might not be inhibited by low pH in patients with active inflammatory bowel diseases. This supports a safe disintegration of the slow release mesalazine preparations even in the presence of severe disease.

Electronic Resource

1432-1963

Schlüsselwörter Pankreaskarzinom ; Chronische Pankreatitis ; Perineurale Invasion ; Differentialdiagnose ; Keywords Pancreatic carcinoma ; Chronic pancreatitis ; Perineural invasion ; Differential diagnosis

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract The occurrence of perineural epithelial complexes within the pancreas cannot always be regarded as evidence of malignancy. Chronic pancreatitis can induce alterations in the anatomy of the organ with a histological picture comparable to that of neural invasion. The important criteria for differential diagnosis are neuroendocrine differentiation of these cells or their ductular morphology without atypia.

Zusammenfassung Pankreas kein “absolutes” Malignitätskriterium. Im Rahmen einer chronischer Pankreatitis kommen solche Bilder gelegentlich vor und sollten insbesondere in der Schnellschnittdiagnostik nicht überbewertet werden. Ursache dieses Phänomens ist der mit dem chronischen Entzündungsprozess einhergehende Organumbau. Differenzialdiagnostisch bedeutsam ist, dass es sich um neuroendokrine Zellen oder aber um duktuläre Epithelien ohne Atypien handelt.

Electronic Resource

2018-07-27

Durch die gegenwärtig verfügbare Technologie wird es der qualitativen Sozialforschung erstmals ermöglicht, Daten ohne den Zwischenschritt über Transkriptionen bzw. Verschriftlichung von Beobachtungsnotizen vollständig analysieren zu können. Zu diesem Zweck wird üblicherweise eine Software für Qualitative Datenanalyse (QDA) eingesetzt. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, wie mit der Analysesoftware Atlas.ti aus digitalisiertem Rohmaterial in Form von Audiodaten ein Klickbares Inhaltsverzeichnis (C-TOC) erstellt wird, das einerseits einen Überblick liefert mit der Option, mittels Mausklick sofort auf Passagen des Materials zugreifen zu können, dessen Elemente sich andererseits als Basis für alle zukünftigen Analyseschritte innerhalb von Atlas.ti verwendet lassen. Für viele Themen innerhalb der qualitativen Sozialforschung kann ein derartiges "Herunterbrechen" des Rohmaterials auf ein handhabbares Format die Transkription ersetzen. Die Vorteile sind: Die Rohdaten sind immer bei der Hand (als mp3-Dateien auf dem PC oder Laptop bzw. auf CD-ROM oder gar einem PDA); die Analyse erfolgt an den Rohdaten selbst; diese sind vorstrukturiert und die Struktur bietet im Gegensatz zur Transkription einen schnellen Überblick über die Daten; mittels einfacher Navigation sind einzelne Elemente des Datenstroms schnell zugänglich; zu Zwecken der Sekundäranalyse kann auf ein solches Inhaltsverzeichnis – und somit auf die Daten selbst – jederzeit zurückgegriffen werden; der Verzicht auf Transkriptionen spart Kosten.

For the first time in the history of qualitative social research, currently available technology is able to allow analysis of qualitative data without the aid of transcriptions. In most cases software for Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) is employed in order to do this kind of research. This paper will show how to create a Clickable Table of Contents (C-TOC) by using Atlas.ti. On the one hand, a C-TOC offers an overview of the qualitative material with the option to access single passages with a single mouse-click. On the other, its elements serve as basic units for further analysis in Altas.ti. This step of transforming the raw material into a handy arrangement may substitute the process of transcribing in many fields of qualitative social research. Some of the benefits include: digitised audio data that is easily accessible and always at hand (as mp3-files on a PC or Laptop, or on CD ROM or even on a PDA); the researcher can work with the raw data and not with transcriptions; with a C-TOC this data (in comparison to transcriptions) is already structured as single segments which can be accessed very easily; in the case of secondary analysis, C-TOC can provide access to old data through a table of content; and finally it reduces costs since transcriptions are not used.

Por primera vez en la historia de la investigación social cualitativa, la tecnología actualmente disponible es capaz de permitir al análisis de datos cualitativos sin la ayuda de transcripciones. En la mayoría de los casos, el software para el Análisis de Datos Cualitativo (ADC) es utilizado para hacer esta clase de investigación. Este artículo expone como crear un Índice Activable (IA) usando Atlas.ti. Por un lado, un IA ofrece una descripción del material cualitativo con la opción de tener acceso a pasajes específicos con un simple clic del ratón. Por el otro, sus elementos sirven como unidades básicas para el posterior análisis en Altas.ti. Este paso de transformar la materia prima en un mecanismo práctico puede sustituir el proceso de trascripción en muchos campos de investigación cualitativa social. Algunas ventajas son: los datos digitalizados de audio que son de fácil acceso y siempre al alcance de la mano (como los archivos MP3 en un ordenador personal o portátil, en CD ROM o en PDA); el investigador puede trabajar con los datos brutos y no con transcripciones; con un IA estos datos (en comparación con las transcripciones) ya están estructurados como simples segmentos a los que se puede tener acceso muy fácilmente; en el caso de un análisis secundario, el IA puede proporcionar el acceso a datos viejos a través un índice; y finalmente reduce los gastos ya que no se usan transcripciones.

Audiodaten; QDA-Software; Atlas.ti; Interviews; Forschungsmethode; Transkription; C-TOC; audio data; CAQDAS; QDA-Software; Atlas.ti; interviews; structuring of data; efficiency; research methods; transcription; C TOC; secondary analysis; datos de audio; CAQDAS; software análisis de datos cualitativos; Atlas.ti; entrevistas; estructuración de datos; eficacia; métodos de investigación; trascripción; IA; análisis secundario; ; Effizienz ; Sekundäranalyse ; secondary analysis ; efficiency

journal article, Zeitschriftenartikel

2021-09-29

Die Forderung nach Erweiterungen der Begriffe "Erzählforschung" und "mündliche Erzählungen" zählt gegenwärtig zu den Herausforderungen in der japanischen Volkskunde. Dieser Beitrag beschränkt sich daher nicht auf die Fachgeschichte der japanischen volkskundlichen Erzählforschung, sondern geht auch neue Trends und Denkansätze ein.

The demand to broaden the terms "folk narrative research" and "oral tradition" represents an urgent challenge in Japanese ethnology. Consequently, this contribution does not only cover the academic history of folk narrative research in Japan but will also deal with possible trends and approaches.

Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ; Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ; Erzählforschung; Japan; Volkskunde ; Ethnologie, Kulturanthropologie, Ethnosoziologie ; Ethnology, Cultural Anthropology, Ethnosociology

Zeitschriftenartikel, journal article

2024-09-19

Inhalt: H Migration und Integration; H.I Einführung und Resümee; H.II Neue Trends der Zuwanderung nach Deutschland; H.III Fluchtmigration nach Deutschland; H.IV Qualifikation von Migranten und Geflüchteten; H.V Arbeitsmarktintegration von Geflüchteten und anderen Migranten; Literatur zu Kapitel H.

Wirtschaft ; Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ; Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ; Economics ; Migration, Sociology of Migration ; Labor Market Research ; Arbeitsmarktforschung ; Migration ; Bundesrepublik Deutschland ; Flüchtling ; Zuwanderung ; berufliche Integration ; Qualifikationsniveau ; Federal Republic of Germany ; level of qualification ; migration ; occupational integration ; refugee ; immigration

Sammelwerksbeitrag, collection article

2024-09-19

Why do some firms pay collectively agreed wages rather than to negotiate wages individually? Do exporting firms pay higher wages than non-exporting firms, and to what extent this is determined by institutional frameworks? What are the connections between the labor unit costs and a strong export performance of companies? These and other questions are addressed in this book. In several chapters the author shows a variety of interactions between wages, globalization and institutional factors.

Warum zahlen manche Firmen nach Tarif, statt die Löhne individuell auszuhandeln? Zahlen Exportfirmen höhere Löhne als Firmen, die nicht exportieren und inwieweit wird dies von institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen bestimmt? Welche Zusammenhänge bestehen zwischen den Lohnstückkosten und der Exportstärke von Unternehmen? Mit diesen und weiteren Fragen befasst sich der Autor im vorliegenden Band. In mehreren Kapiteln legt er dar, dass zwischen Löhnen, Globalisierung und institutionellen Kontextfaktoren vielfältige Wechselwirkungen bestehen.

Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ; Wirtschaft ; Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ; Economics ; Einkommenspolitik, Lohnpolitik, Tarifpolitik, Vermögenspolitik ; Personalwesen ; Income Policy, Property Policy, Wage Policy ; Human Resources Management ; Lohnfindung ; Tariflohn ; Tarifverhandlung ; Tarifvertrag ; Lohnpolitik ; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit ; Export ; Globalisierung ; wage determination ; union rate ; collective bargaining ; collective agreement ; wage policy ; competitiveness ; export ; globalization

Dissertation, phd thesis

1527-3466

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1527-3466

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

The utilization of quartz-crystal-microbalance sensors in liquids yields new requirements to the applied interface circuits. In the present article, the fundamentals of the measuring principle and advantages and drawbacks of suitable interface circuits are discussed. Special requirements of oscillators as interface circuits are outlined. Possible solutions to those requirements are investigated and two recently developed oscillator circuits are presented. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1468-3083

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Clinically similar skin diseases can exhibit phenotypic mimicry as demonstrated here for alopecia neoplastica. An 89-year-old female patient had been treated for scalp eczema for several years until biopsy revealed pagetoid carcinoma. Her clinical history showed a mastectomy 20 years ago. For that reason the differential diagnosis was extramammary Paget's disease or epidermotropic metastasis of the breast carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry revealed positivity of MUC1, indicating that the latter is the case.

Electronic Resource

1744-313X

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

Medicine

We studied 201 unrelated French Basque individuals for HLA and Bf polymorphisms. The haplotypes of eighty-seven of them were deduced from family studies. The results show the frequency of the Bf F1 allele (0.1393) which is the highest one currently reported. They confirm the high frequencies of HLA-Aw19.2 and B18 previously reported in that population and show that a whole haplotype with strong linkage disequilibria, namely Aw19.2, Cw5, B18, Bf F1, DRw3 is frequent. On the other hand, the gene frequency of Bf S is decreased (0.5497) as compared with the other European Caucasoïd populations, while a slight increase in the Bf F gene frequency (0.2960) appears. These results point out that it is of importance to consider the genetic background in choosing the population where linkage disequilibria are to be studied.

Electronic Resource

1744-313X

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

Medicine

An unexpected MLR reaction has been observed between three HLA-identical sibs; it consists of a bidirectional positive MLR between identical female twins and a sister. No argument for a lymphoid mosaic could be found, although twins were frequent in the family; similary no HLA-A/B or HLA-B/D recombinant could be demonstrated.The MLR, although weak, was highly reproducible. PLTs could be raised between the sibs, without an apparent segregation in this family nor in five other families, but such PLTs discriminated well between the positive and negative controls. In the absence of any proof that such a weak MLR locus could be on another chromosome than chromosome 6, two lines of argument are indirect evidences that such a locus could be indeed on chromosome 6: one of the sibs differs from the two others for two markers outside HLA-D-DR-Bf: glyoxalate (GLO) and red blood group P.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

The application of resonant sensors such as quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) resonators requires interface electronics to measure parameters that characterize sufficiently the resonant behavior of the sensor due to effects under investigation. Common oscillators as sensor electronics have two major disadvantages. Since they measure the resonant frequency shift as the only parameter their employment is restricted to mass sensing of thin and rigid films in terms of QCM. Because of spurious phase shifts the measured resonant frequency may be erratic. In order to characterize the sensor itself or a material on the sensor surface more parameters such as damping are to be measured. Therefore, a sensor electronics was developed that precisely acquires the impedance spectrum of the resonant sensor in a small frequency range which reflects properties like thickness of a sensor coating, its density, and shear moduli or the density-viscosity product when measuring in liquids. Originally developed as a sensor interface electronics this novel device can help researchers to investigate any effects or material parameters affecting the impedance spectrum of the sensor. In this article the measurement concept of the network analysis based device will be explained followed by details of realization on single printed cardboard. Measurement errors are estimated by simulation and by a comparison of measurement results from a commercially available network analyzer as a reference. Examples of laboratory and industrial applications will be given. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1365-3083

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Homozygous typing cells (HTC) for two new HLA-D determinants, EI and RE, defined by family studies, are described. The HLA-D typing experimtens among more than 300 unrelated individuals showed phenotype frequencies of 0.045 for El and 0.098 for RE. Since the tested population was also typed for its HLA-A and -B alleles, linkage disequilibrium parameters could be calculated: HLA-D type El was statistically significantly associated with HLA-B13 and Bwl7, HLA-D type RE with HLA-Bw40. These data support the working hypothesis that both EI and RE are new alleles of the HLA-D series.

Electronic Resource

1744-313X

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

Medicine

C4 typing in thirteen homozygous C2-deficient patients and in a family with heterozygous C2 deficiency showed a strong association of the C2-deficiency gene (C2*QO) with the relatively rare C4A* C4B*2 haplotype.

Electronic Resource

1744-313X

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

Medicine

The factorial correspondence analysis, which is a descriptive statistical method, was used to study the preferential associations between locus HLA-A, B, C and Bf alleles. This method does not limit the number ofloci that can be studied and must therefore be considered as an interesting method of studying haplotypic associations within the HLA system.

Electronic Resource

1744-313X

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

Medicine

Factor B of human complement is encoded within the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) and is polymorphic, with up to 30 alleles defined by electrophoretic mobility. One of the most common alleles, BF*F, is subdivided into the FA and FB subtypes, which differ at the gene level by non-synonymous base substitutions in the seventh codon. We have found at this position a new restriction site polymorphism, as a Bsl I site absent from the FB allele. Using this restriction polymorphism, we have developed a method for BF F subtype determination, based on amplification by polymerase chain reaction of the 5’ end of the BF gene, and digestion with Bsl I. This new method has been applied to a panel of 29 selected BF F individuals. A single strand DNA conformation analysis of the same region of the gene allowed us to confirm the above DNA-based BF F subtyping. During this study, two BF*F1 alleles showed discrepancies between protein and DNA typing, which were confirmed by our sequencing data. These were identical, in the 5’ region, to BF*S and BF*FB genes, respectively. In a comparison with two protein subtyping methods, identical results were found for only one third of the selected samples. The conflicting results may arise, in part, from previously undescribed molecular heterogeneity within BF F subtypes, or from the presence of a null allele. Our new method allows RF*F subtyping to be used with confidence in the definition of disease-associated MHC haplotypes.

Electronic Resource

0026-7457

Political Science

Reviews

0026-7457

Political Science

Reviews

0026-7457

Political Science