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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressJ. Zhou ; D. Wang ; R. Gao ; B. Zhao ; J. Song ; X. Qi ; Y. Zhang ; Y. Shi ; L. Yang ; W. Zhu ; T. Bai ; K. Qin ; Y. Lan ; S. Zou ; J. Guo ; J. Dong ; L. Dong ; H. Wei ; X. Li ; J. Lu ; L. Liu ; X. Zhao ; W. Huang ; L. Wen ; H. Bo ; L. Xin ; Y. Chen ; C. Xu ; Y. Pei ; Y. Yang ; X. Zhang ; S. Wang ; Z. Feng ; J. Han ; W. Yang ; G. F. Gao ; G. Wu ; D. Li ; Y. Wang ; Y. Shu
Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
Published 2013Staff ViewPublication Date: 2013-07-05Publisher: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Print ISSN: 0028-0836Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Birds/virology ; Bronchi/cytology/metabolism/virology ; Cell Line ; Chemokines/blood ; China ; Cross Reactions/immunology ; Epithelial Cells/virology ; Host Specificity ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/immunology/physiology ; Influenza A virus/immunology/pathogenicity/*physiology ; Influenza Vaccines/immunology ; Influenza in Birds/transmission/*virology ; Influenza, Human/blood/immunology/virology ; Lung/virology ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid/analogs & derivatives/chemistry/metabolism ; Organ Specificity ; Pulmonary Alveoli/cytology/metabolism/virology ; Receptors, Virus/chemistry/*metabolism ; Trachea/virology ; Virus Replication ; Zoonoses/transmission/virologyPublished by: -
2Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1750-3841Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, NutritionProcess Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition TechnologyNotes: Previous work has established that it is possible to enrich home-prepared tortillas with soy proteins by lime cooking of whole raw corn-soybean mixtures. Since tortillas are also extensively prepared in Mexico from limed corn flour, an investigation was carried out to determine if it were possible to enrich such flour by a similar procedure. The normal process for making tortilla flour was employed, except that In the lime cooking step, whole raw corn-soybean mixtures containing 10% soybeans were used in place of pure corn. Protein quantity and quality of the enriched flour were found to be increased as follows: protein content, from 9.2 to 12.6%, an increase of 36%; protein efficiency ratio (PER) from 1.45 to 2.62 (casein PER = 3.40), an increase of 81%. Heat treatment of the enriched flour was found to be adequate by the urease method, and a trained panel could not significantly distinguish between tortillas prepared from either flour. Finally, rancidity was not detected organoleptically in a sample of flour stored at room temperature for 12 months. Considering present costs of corn and soybeans in Mexico, it was calculated that use of whole raw soybeans as an enriching agent for tortilla flour at a 10% level would raise the cost of the flour by 5%, while use of defatted soy flour for the same purpose, and at an equivalent protein level, would raise the cost of the flour by 40%.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
3Articles: DFG German National LicensesVALLE, F. R. DEL ; URGES, H. BO ; HAAS, R. ; GAONA, H.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1976Staff ViewISSN: 1750-3841Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, NutritionProcess Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition TechnologyNotes: With the purpose of evaluating quick-salted fish cakes as a food, proximate chemical analyses, protein quality (Protein Efficiency Ratio and Net Protein Utilization) and bacterial counts of cakes, freshly made and stored for 18 months at an ambient tropical temperature, were de termmed. The cakes were found to contain an average of 30% protein, 60% salt and 10% moisture. Freshly made cakes were found to be superior, and 18-month-old cakes slightly inferior to casein, in both PER and NPU values Finally, total plate and halophilic counts of freshly made cakes, already low (9,000 and 12,000/g, respectively), were found to decrease to ahnost zero after 18 months. Considering present U.S. Recommended Daily Allowances for high quality protein foods, it was calculated that each 450-g cake, costing $0.44, would be sufficient to cover the daily protein needs of three adults or possibly two adults and two young children. The average daily protein cost for each adult would be $0.15.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
4Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressZeng, Q., Liu, J., Cao, P., Li, J., Liu, X., Fan, X., Liu, L., Cheng, Y., Xiong, W., Li, J., Bo, H., Zhu, Y., Yang, F., Hu, J., Zhou, M., Zhou, Y., Zou, Q., Zhou, J., Cao, K.
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Published 2018Staff ViewPublication Date: 2018-01-17Publisher: The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)Print ISSN: 1078-0432Electronic ISSN: 1557-3265Topics: MedicinePublished by: -
5Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1089-7674Source: AIP Digital ArchiveTopics: PhysicsNotes: Measurements on the current-voltage-magnetic field characteristics of a space-charge-limited cylindrical cross-field diode below cutoff are presented. The measured current is found to be lower than predicted by simple cold-fluid theory. This reduction combined with observed oscillations in the current can be explained by secondary electron emission from the anode, leading to an increase of space charge in the diode. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
6Articles: DFG German National LicensesAuken, Esben ; Christiansen, Anders V. ; Jacobsen, Bo H. ; Foged, Nikolaj ; Sørensen, Kurt I.
PO Box 1354, 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2XG , UK . : Blackwell Science Ltd
Published 2005Staff ViewISSN: 1365-2478Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: GeosciencesPhysicsNotes: In a sedimentary environment, layered models are often capable of representing the actual geology more accurately than smooth minimum structure models. Furthermore, interval thicknesses and resistivities are often the parameters to which non-geophysicist experts can relate and base decisions on when using them in waste site remediation, groundwater modelling and physical planning.We present a laterally constrained inversion scheme for continuous resistivity data based on a layered earth model (1D). All 1D data sets and models are inverted as one system, producing layered sections with lateral smooth transitions. The models are regularized through laterally equal constraints that tie interface depths and resistivities of adjacent layers. Prior information, e.g. originating from electric logs, migrates through the lateral constraints to the adjacent models, making resolution of equivalences possible to some extent. Information from areas with well-resolved parameters will migrate through the constraints in a similar way to help resolve the poorly constrained parameters. The estimated model is complemented by a full sensitivity analysis of the model parameters, supporting quantitative evaluation of the inversion result.Examples from synthetic 2D models show that the model recognition of a sublayered 2D wedge model is improved using the laterally constrained inversion approach when compared with a section of combined 1D models and when compared with a 2D minimum structure inversion. Case histories with data from two different continuous DC systems support the conclusions drawn from the synthetic example.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0038-1098Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: PhysicsType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0038-1098Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: PhysicsType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0306-4565Keywords: Citellus dauricus ; Cold tolerance ; L-glutamate ; cerebral cortical neuron ; hibernator ; ratSource: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: BiologyType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
10Articles: DFG German National LicensesSchnürer, Anna ; Svensson, Bo H ; Schink, Bernhard
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1997Staff ViewISSN: 1574-6968Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: BiologyNotes: The metabolism of the syntrophically acetate-oxidizing Clostridium ultunense was investigated with cell extracts of the pure culture and the methanogenic triculture from which C. ultunense was isolated. Enzyme measurements indicated that: (1) the CO dehydrogenase (Wood) pathway was used both during acetate formation and during acetate oxidation; (2) methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase activity was not detected during acetate oxidation; (3) two different methylene-tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase enzymes were active, depending on the direction in which the Wood pathway was used. The hydrogen partial pressure in the headspace of a growing triculture varied between 1.6 and 6.8 Pa, indicating that C. ultunense and the methanogenic partner each get about −17 kJ per mol reaction in this syntrophic cooperation, thus operating at the lowermost range of energy to be exploited by a living organism.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
11Articles: DFG German National LicensesSundh, Ingvar ; Borgå, Peter ; Nilsson, Mats ; Svensson, Bo H.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1995Staff ViewISSN: 1574-6941Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract: Concentrations of two phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) specific for methane-oxidizing bacteria (16:1 ω8 and 18:1 ω8), were used to estimate the biomass and cell numbers of this group of bacteria in two Sphagnum-dominated boreal peatlands. Concentration ranges of 16:1 ω8 and 18:1 ω8 were 0.0–73 and 1.0–486 pmol g−1 of wet peat, respectively. Concentrations in the peat of each fatty acid were positively correlated with the potential methane oxidation activity (Vmax), which was used as an independent estimate of methanotrophic biomass. This correlation suggests that the two PLFAs are good biomarkers for the population of methanotrophic bacteria in peatlands. Concentrations of the two PLFAs were transformed to cell numbers using conversion factors for the cell content of PLFAs, average cell volume and percentage of cellular dry matter. The total cell number of methanotrophic bacteria in peat samples from a range of sites and depths ranged between 0.3 and 51 × 106 cells g−1 of wet peat, with similar proportions of type I and type II methanotrophic bacteria in most samples. Within particular peat profiles, numbers of methanotrophic bacteria were highest around the level of the water table, implying that the supplies of methane and oxygen largely determine the biomass distribution of methanotrophic bacteria in this type of peatlands.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
12Articles: DFG German National LicensesÖrlygsson, Jóhann ; Houwen, Frans P. ; Svensson, Bo H.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1994Staff ViewISSN: 1574-6941Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract Thermophilic (55°C) protein (peptone) degradation was studied in steady state, laboratory-scale reactors. Peptone was easily hydrolysed to amino acids under methanogenic conditions, and all amino acids were completely degraded to volatile fatty acids, carbon dioxide and ammonium. Under these conditions, amino acids known to be oxidatively deaminated were degraded more slowly than the other amino acids. Inhibition of methanogenesis by 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid led to the accumulation of hydrogen in the gas phase and to the immediate inhibition of both protein hydrolysis and the degradation of amino acids that are preferentially oxidatively deaminated. These effects resulted in lower concentrations of all volatile fatty acids except for butyrate and caproate, which increased in concentration. Interspecies hydrogen transfer appeared to be necessary for the complete degradation of alanine, phenylalanine, methionine, valine, leucine and isoleucine. α-Aminobutyrate also accumulated when methanogenesis was inhibited.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
13Articles: DFG German National LicensesSchnürer, Anna ; Zellner, Gerhard ; Svensson, Bo H.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1999Staff ViewISSN: 1574-6941Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: BiologyNotes: The reaction pathway for the formation of methane from acetate was investigated in sludge from 13 different biogas reactors. By following the conversion of [2-14C]acetate and [14C]bicarbonate it was shown that methane formation by syntrophic acetate oxidation was the dominating mechanism for acetotrophic methanogenesis in sludge containing high levels of salts, mainly ammonium, and volatile fatty acids. In one biogas reactor the degree of syntrophic acetate oxidation increased as the concentrations of salts and volatile fatty acids increased. Statistical evaluation with principal component analysis showed a close correlation between the degree of syntrophic acetate oxidation and the concentrations of ammonium and potassium. The acetate degradation rate was lower (10–800 times) in biogas reactors in which methane was formed through syntrophic acetate oxidation than in biogas reactors where acetate was directly cleaved to methane and carbon dioxide. Microscopic observations revealed a predominance of one type of methanogen in the reactors with syntrophic acetate oxidation. Isolation and characterization, including substrate spectrum, mol% G+C, polyamine and 16S rRNA analysis, showed that the strains were hydrogenotrophic methanogens belonging to the genus Methanoculleus.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
14Articles: DFG German National LicensesBörjesson, Gunnar ; Sundh, Ingvar ; Tunlid, Anders ; Frostegård, Åsa ; Svensson, Bo H
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1998Staff ViewISSN: 1574-6941Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: BiologyNotes: The uptake and utilization of CH4 at high concentrations (5–18% vol.) and different soil moistures were followed for samples from a landfill cover soil with a high organic matter content. Measurements of the utilization of CH4 and O2, and production of CO2 indicated that the activity of methanotrophic organisms accounted for most of the O2 respiration. At water saturation, CH4 oxidation rates decreased with time, probably because NH+4 accumulated. Denitrification rates, estimated based on both N2 and N2O production, were positively related to soil moisture and only slightly influenced by the extent of CH4 oxidation. Total phospholipid fatty acid concentrations increased, and concentrations of phospholipid fatty acids, typical for obligate methanotrophic bacteria (e.g. 16:1ω8 and 18:1ω8), increased in the CH4-amended samples, indicating growth of both type I and type II methanotrophs.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
15Articles: DFG German National LicensesBiebel, O. ; Boden, B. ; Bo, H. ; Breuker, H. ; Bug, S. ; Eyring, A. ; Fischer, H.M. ; Geich-Gimbel, C. ; Rollnik, A. ; Simon, A. ; Wagner, A. ; Nellen, B. ; Wolf, B. ; Wunsch, B. ; Voillat, D. ; Mauer, E. ; Knop, G. ; Linser, G. ; Maringer, G. ; Neumann, H. ; von der Schmitt, H. ; Hagemann, J. ; Thiebes, J. ; Karner, K. ; Hauschild, M.
Amsterdam : ElsevierStaff ViewISSN: 0168-9002Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: PhysicsType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
16Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0029-5582Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: PhysicsType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
17Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-072XKeywords: Mesophilic acetate oxidation ; Methanogenesis ; Ammonium ; Syntrophy ; Interspecies hydrogen transferSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract In a mesophilic (37°C) triculture at a high ammonium concentration and pH8, methanogenesis from acetate occurred via syntrophic acetate oxidation. Studies with 14C-labelled substrates showed that the amount of labelled methane formed from 1-14C-labelled acetate was equal to that formed from 2-14C-labelled acetate. Labelled methane was also formed from H14CO3 -. These results clearly showed that both the methyl and carboxyl groups of acetate were oxidized to CO2 and that CO2 was reduced to CH4 through hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. During growth of the triculture, a significant isotopic exchange between the carboxyl group of acetate and bicarbonate occurred. As a result, there was a decrease in the specific activity of 1-14C-acetate, and the production of 14CO2 was slightly higher from 1-14C- than from 2-14C-acetate. For each mole acetate degraded, 0.94 mol methane was formed; 9.2 mmol acetate was metabolized during the 294 days of incubation.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
18Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-072XKeywords: Key words Mesophilic acetate oxidation ; Methanogenesis ; Ammonium ; Syntrophy ; Interspecies hydrogen transferSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract In a mesophilic (37°C) triculture at a high ammonium concentration and pH 8, methanogenesis from acetate occurred via syntrophic acetate oxidation. Studies with 14C-labelled substrates showed that the amount of labelled methane formed from 1-14C-labelled acetate was equal to that formed from 2-14C-labelled acetate. Labelled methane was also formed from H14CO3 –. These results clearly showed that both the methyl and carboxyl groups of acetate were oxidized to CO2, and that CO2 was reduced to CH4 through hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. During growth of the triculture, a significant isotopic exchange between the carboxyl group of acetate and bicarbonate occurred. As a result, there was a decrease in the specific activity of 1-14C-acetate, and the production of 14CO2 was slightly higher from 1-14C- than from 2-14C-acetate. For each mole acetate degraded, 0.94 mol methane was formed; 9.2 mmol acetate was metabolized during the 294 days of incubation.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
19Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-072XKeywords: Phenol fermentation Reductive dehydroxylation Hydrogen partial pressure Ring cleavageSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract. Fermentative degradation of phenol was studied using a non-methanogenic, pasteurised enrichment culture containing two morphologically different bacteria. Phenol was fermented to benzoate, acetate and butyrate and their relative occurrence depended on the concentration of hydrogen. Proportionately more benzoate was formed with high initial levels of H2. The influence of PH2 on the fermentation pattern was studied both in dense cell suspensions and in growing cultures by addition of hydrogen. An increase in growth yield (OD578) was observed, compared to controls, as a consequence of phenol degradation; however, the increase was less in H2-amended treatments, in which most of the phenol ended up as benzoate. The degradation of phenol in the dense cell suspension experiments was dependent on CO2. Benzoate was not degraded when added as a substrate to the growing culture. This is, to our knowledge, the first report concerning the fermentative degradation of phenol to non-aromatic products.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
20Articles: DFG German National LicensesSvensson, Bo H. ; Dubourguier, Henri-Charles ; Prensier, Gerard ; Zehnder, Alexander J. B.
Springer
Published 1992Staff ViewISSN: 1432-072XKeywords: Pleomorphic ; Clostridium sp. nov. ; Saccharolytic ; Glucose uptake ; Swelling cells ; MorphologySource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract A new species of sporulating saccharolytic anaerobe, designated as Clostridium quinii sp. nov., is described. A gram-positive strain BS1, was isolated from the granular metanogenic sludge (UASB) from a waste-water treatment plant at a sugar refinery. The strain exhibits a series of morphological stages, developing from a spore to a small rod to a motile rod (peritrichous flagella) in the exponential growth phase, and then swelling to form cigar-shaped cells, exhibiting tumbling movements, in the late exponential growth phase before finally becoming large nonmotile ovoid cells in the stationary phase. Swelling occurs as a result of glucose being taken up and stored as a glycogen-like substance. The main fermentation products when growing on glucose is H2, CO2, formate, acetate and ethanol as well as small amounts of butyrate during exponential growth. Lactate is formed during the stationary phase, when glucose is abundant. Optimal conditions for growth is 40–45°C and pH of around 7.4. The type strain BS1 contains 28.0% mol G+C.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: