Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:Gaul)

article

1999

Sekundarstufe I ; Unterrichtsmaterial ; Behinderung ; Behinderter ; Geistig behinderter Mensch

Religionspädagogische Hefte. Ausgabe A. Allgemeinbildende Schulen, (1999) H. 3, S. 19-22

German

Arbeitsblätter

article

1999

Rollenspiel ; Sekundarstufe I ; Unterrichtsmaterial ; Schreiben ; Behinderung ; Blindheit ; Biografie ; Behinderter ; Körperbehinderter ; Braille, Louis

Religionspädagogische Hefte. Ausgabe A. Allgemeinbildende Schulen, (1999) H. 3, S. 23-32

German

article

1999

Spiel ; Sekundarstufe I ; Sekundarstufe II ; Unterrichtsmaterial ; Bildmeditation ; Behinderung ; Blindheit ; Hörbehinderter ; Behinderter ; Körperbehinderter

Religionspädagogische Hefte. Ausgabe A. Allgemeinbildende Schulen, (1999) H. 3, S. 37-48

German

book

2007

Bildungspolitik ; Qualitätsmanagement ; Berufsbildung ; Berufsbildendes Schulwesen

German

2021-08-11

Background: Headache sufferers in need of professional health care often do not utilize the care available, and factors influencing headache-specific physician consultation are not yet understood. Objectives of this study are (1) to assess self-reported headache-specific physician consultations and (2) to identify headache-related and sociodemographic predictors. Methods: Data of a random sample of the general population in Germany aged ≥14 years were analyzed (N = 2461). A multivariate binary logistic regression was conducted to identify a parsimonious model to predict physician consultation. Results: 50.7% of the participants with headache reported at least one headache-specific physician consultation during lifetime. Of these, 53.6% had seen one, 26.1% two, and 20.3% more than two physicians because of their headaches. The odds of physician consultation increased with the number of headache days per month (HDM) (reference HDM 1) HDM 1–3 (OR = 2.29), HDM 4–14 (OR = 2.41), and HDM ≥15 (OR = 4.83) and increasing Headache Impact Test score (HIT-6) (reference “no or little impact”) moderate impact (OR = 1.74), substantial impact (OR = 3.01), and severe impact (OR = 5.08). Middle-aged participants were more likely to have consulted than younger and older ones (reference 14–34 years) 35–54 years (OR = 1.90), 55–74 years (OR = 1.96), ≥75 years (OR = 1.02). The odds of physician consultation among self-employed subjects were lower than among employed manual workers (OR = 0.48). The living environment (rural versus urban) did not have an influence on the consultation frequency. Conclusion: The results indicate that apart from burden-related factors (headache frequency; headache impact), health care utilization patterns are also influenced by patients’ occupational status and age. Further research is needed to analyze whether the lower consultation rate means that the self-employed have a higher risk of chronification or that they have more effective self-management strategies regarding headache.

Sociology & anthropology ; Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ; Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ; Soziologie, Anthropologie ; headache; population-based study; headache-specific physician consultation; patients' occupational status ; Health Policy ; Medical Sociology ; Medizinsoziologie ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Berufssituation ; Gesundheitsverhalten ; Schmerz ; medizinische Versorgung ; Inanspruchnahme ; Mikrozensus ; Krankheit ; Patient ; occupational situation ; microcensus ; medical care ; health behavior ; recourse ; illness ; pain ; patient

journal article, Zeitschriftenartikel

2023-04-14

Background: Reliable population-based data on the prevalence and characteristics of primary headache across the lifespan are essential. However, robust data are lacking. Methods: We utilized questionnaire data from a random general population sample in Germany, that comprised 2,478 participants aged ≥14 years. A standardized questionnaire addressing headache and headache treatment was filled in during the face-to-face survey. Results: The 6-month prevalence of self-reported headache in the total sample amounted to 39.0% (known diagnosis of migraine 7.2%; tension-type headache 12.4%; another diagnosis or unknown diagnosis 23.4%). Age-specific prevalence rates were 37.9% (14-34 years), 44.6% (35-54 years), 38.5% (55-74 years), and 26.9% (≥75 years). Compared to age group 14-34, participants aged 35-54 were more (OR = 1.29, 95%-CI 1.05-1.60, p = 0.018) and those aged ≥75 were less (OR = 0.55, 95%-CI 0.40-0.76, p 〈 0.001) likely to have any headache. Of the participants with headache, 79.5% reported headache on 〈4 days per month, 15.6% on 4-14 days per month and 4.9% on 〉14 days per month. The frequency of headache did not differ significantly between age groups in men [χ2(3, N = 384) = 1.45, p 〉 0.05], but in women [χ2(3, N = 651) = 21.57, p 〈 0.001]: women aged ≥75 years were over-represented in the group reporting 4-14 headache days per month. The analgesic use (days per month) differed significantly between age groups among participants with headache on 〈4 days per month and on 〉14 days per month: 1.8 (14-34 years), 2.5 (35-54 years), 3.2 (55-74 years), and 3.4 (≥75 years), respectively 7.9 (14-34 years), 11.4 (35-54 years), 18.4 (55-74 years), and 22.8 (≥75 years). Conclusions: In general, the prevalence of headache decreases with age. However, older women suffer from more frequent attacks and older participants take analgesics on more days per month than younger participants. This might put them at risk of medication overuse which may lead to medication overuse headache. More research is needed to understand these specifics in headache frequency and treatment behavior in older people.

Medicine and health ; Medizin und Gesundheit ; migraine; tension-type headache; population-based study; 6-month prevalence; headacheattacks; headache impact; use of analgesics ; Medizin, Sozialmedizin ; Medicine, Social Medicine ; Bundesrepublik Deutschland ; alter Mensch ; Frau ; Medikation ; Krankheit ; Lebensdauer ; Therapie ; therapy ; medication ; Federal Republic of Germany ; woman ; elderly ; life-span ; illness

journal article, Zeitschriftenartikel

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

A target of gaseous polarized hydrogen was formed by injecting polarized hydrogen atoms (produced by Stern–Gerlach spin separation) into a storage cell consisting of a cylindrical tube open at both ends. The target was placed in a storage ring to study the target characteristics (nuclear polarization, target thickness, radiation resistance). A weak transverse guide field (5 G) was applied to define the polarization direction. When atoms in a single hyperfine state were selected, the nuclear polarization of the target was measured to be 0.80±0.02. The areal density of the target under these conditions was (5.5±0.2)×1013 H/cm2, while for two spin states (applicable to experiments in high energy rings where a strong magnetic field can be applied to the target) the target thickness was found to be (8.2±0.3)×1013 H/cm2. The target polarization was unaffected by prolonged exposure of the target to beams up to 1 mA. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7623

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

We have constructed a self-starting Kerr-lens mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser pumped synchronously by a mode-locked, LBO-doubled Nd:YAG laser. Using a home-built beam-pointing stabilizer, beam wander of the 532 nm pump is reduced by a factor of 25, thus enabling long term operation of TEM00 nearly transform limited pulses with amplitude, repetition rate, and pulsewidth fluctuations comparable to or better than those of Ar-pumped Ti:Al2O3 lasers. Interferometric autocorrelation using second harmonic in reflection from GaAs yielded a pulse width of 30 fs, limited by the dispersion of wide bandwidth cavity optics which permit tunability from 0.7 to 1.0 μm.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Propagation of an He–Ne laser beam through a gas filled piezoelectric tube is used to characterize the guiding properties of a radially driven acoustic standing wave. Impedance matched driving at 1 MHz of the 5-cm-long piezotube yields radial density perturbations of 0.005 at 40 V driving voltage. The frequency spectrum of the cavity resonances is used to measure the damping of the standing wave due to shear viscosity in Ar. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

We report guiding of intense (I=1.3±0.7×1017 W/cm2) 80 fs laser pulses with negligible spectral distortion through 1.5-cm-long preformed helium plasma channels. Channels were formed by axicon-focused laser pulses of either 0.3 J energy, 100 ps duration, after preionizing a 200–700 Torr backfill of He gas to ne∼1016 cm−3 with a pulsed electrical discharge; or 0.6–1.1 J energy, 400 ps duration, which required neither preionization nor intentional impurities for seeding. Transverse interferometry showed that He was fully ionized on the channel axis in both cases. Identical femtosecond pulses suffered substantial ionization-induced blueshifts after propagating through Ar and Ne channels of similar dimensions. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1365-3180

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Imazathabenz-methyl dissipated rapidly in sandy and sandy loam field soils in Nova Scotia. Canada, seeded to wheat (Triticum aestivam L.).The time to 50% loss of herbicide residues in the 0-10 cm soil zone was about 3-4 weeks after October applications and about 2.5 weeks after June ones. After October applications, there was further loss of 〉60% of the remaining parent herbicide during the winter and early spring despite periods of prolonged snow cover and freezing, or near freezing, soil temperatures. After October applications, imazamethabenz-methyl residues in May-collected samples from the 10-20 and 20-30 cm soil zones ranged from 40% to 80% and from 15% to 40%, respectively of those extracted from the 0-10 cm zone over four sites. Precipitation in the month after October applications ranged from 105 to 180 mm. which suggests leaching may play an important role in dissipation at times of the year when precipitation greatly exceeds evapotranspiration. Levels of the phytoioxic free acid ranged from 15% to 35% of the parent herbicide in selected samples. These residues had no effect on spring wheat replacement crops. The effect of the herbicide on replacement crops may also be influenced by the soil pH. A laboratory study demonstrated that as soil pH increased from 4.1 to 6.5. degradation of imazamethabenz-methyl increased with a corresponding increase in free acid formation.

Electronic Resource

1467-6494

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Psychology

The effects of moderate stress on the use of defense mechanisms by 64 second- and sixth-graders were determined The use of denial, projection, and identification was assessed from stones told to the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) prior to, and subsequent to, an experimentally controlled experience of success or failure Subjects who experienced failure were more likely to use the lower level defenses of denial and projection, while the experience of success was followed by greater use of identification The results also were consistent with previous studies in demonstrating age and sex differences in the use of defense mechanisms

Electronic Resource

0020-1693

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

0020-1693

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

0020-1693

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

0020-1693

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

1546-1718

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Medicine

[Auszug] MicroRNAs are key regulators of gene expression, but the precise mechanisms underlying their interaction with their mRNA targets are still poorly understood. Here, we systematically investigate the role of target-site accessibility, as determined by base-pairing interactions within the mRNA, in ...

Electronic Resource

0022-2437

Economics

RESEARCH NOTES AND COMMUNICATIONS

1540-8159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Pulsed-Doppler tissue imaging (pDTI) is able to measure myocardial wall velocities (systolic: S; early diastolic: E; late diastolic: A) and their timings. Relationships have been demonstrated between the preelection period and indexes of left ventricular systolic function. This study was designed to examine with pDTI the effects of variations in atrioventricular delay (A VD) (100 ms, 150 ms, 200 ms) on myocardial dynamics and on their timings at the basal interventricular septum (IVS) from an apical approach and at the posterior wall (PW) from the parasternal view. These data were compared with stroke volume measurements recorded from the left ventricular outflow tract. Seventeen patients with dual chamber pacemakers (7 because of complete heart block, 10 with sick sinus syndrome and first-degree AV block) were studied; full atrial and ventricular capture was present at any AVD. These data were also compared with those obtained in 10 age-matched healthy volunteers with comparable heart rates. Results: Optimal atrial contribution to left ventricular filling and, consequently, best systolic performance were achieved when AVD was programmed such that a mean interval of 77 ms was allowed between the end of the A wave and the beginning of the S wave, similar to what was measured in the healthy control group by pDTI. Conclusion: The noninvasive measurement of timings of the cardiac cycle by pDTI is helpful to determine the optimal AVD in individual patients.

Electronic Resource

0003-9861

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource