Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:Gauer)

article

2003

Jugend ; Kind ; Psychotherapie ; Musikerlebnis ; Musikpädagogik

Petrat, Nicolai (Hrsg.); Kafurke, Renate (Hrsg.); Schöne, Karla (Hrsg.), Mit Spaß dabei bleiben. Musikästhetische Erfahrungen aus der Perspektive der Forschung., Essen: Die Blaue Eule (2003), S. 109-119, 3-89924-038-3

German

article

2009

Multiple-Choice-Verfahren ; Grundschule ; Sachaufgabe ; Unterrichtsmaterial ; Geometrie ; Mathematikunterricht ; Knobeln ; Internet ; Deutschland

Mathematischer und naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht. Primar, Bd. 1 (2009) H. 2, S. 52-59, 1867-9439

German

article

1980

Fernsehen ; Medienpädagogik ; Jugendschutz ; Familienerziehung ; Kindergarten ; Kindertagesstätte ; Freizeiteinrichtung

Jugendschutz, Bd. 25 (1980) H. 1, S. 1-26, 0342-6394

German

Literaturangaben

article

1985

Motivation ; Didaktische Grundlageninformation ; Humor ; Polysemie ; Semantisierung ; Fremdsprachenunterricht ; Französisch

Praxis des neusprachlichen Unterrichts, Bd. 32 (1985) H. 1, S. 46-47, 0032-7085

German

Literaturangaben

article

1985

Didaktische Grundlageninformation ; Homofonie ; Homonymie ; Humor ; Semantik ; Fremdsprachenunterricht ; Französisch

Praxis des neusprachlichen Unterrichts, Bd. 32 (1985) H. 4, S. 385-387, 0032-7085

facet.language.ger, facet.language.fre

Anmerkungen

article

1991

Gesellschaft ; Fernsehen ; Fernsehprogramm ; Fernsehverhalten ; Mediennutzung ; Aufklärung (Information) ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Information ; Deutschland

Thema Jugend, (1991) H. 2, S. 2-3, 0935-8935

German

article

1982

Empirische Untersuchung ; Forschung ; Forschungspolitik ; Futurologie ; Politik ; Umwelt ; Umweltforschung ; Umweltschutz ; Ökologie ; Internationaler Vergleich

Das Argument, Bd. 24 (1982) H. 131, S. 91-99, 0004-1157

German

Literaturangaben

article

1982

Fernsehen ; Fernsehprogramm ; Massenmedien ; Medienerziehung ; Medienpädagogik ; Konsumverhalten

Jugendschutz, Bd. 27 (1982) H. 4, S. 105-109, 0342-6394

German

article

1984

Jugendschutz ; Jugendschutzrecht ; Recht ; Video ; Reform

Jugendschutz, Bd. 29 (1984) H. 1, S. 1-12, 0342-6394

German

Anmerkungen

2018-01-06

American Chemical Society (ACS)

0006-2960

1520-4995

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

1749-6632

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Natural Sciences in General

Electronic Resource

1467-8519

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Philosophy

In the 1960s, when Dr. Belding Scribner discovered how to accomplish the process of dialysis in a repeated way, he could not imagine that in solving such a problem others as or more difficult would appear. Given the technological progress and the impossibility of assisting all patients through the most modern methods, the medical doctor often finds himself faced with the moral dilemma of choosing which patient in the waiting list will receive the treatment. This same dilemma is amplified in the case of organ transplants.Professionals, students, professors of the juridical and health fields, and the population in general, were interviewed as a means of documenting the moral concepts and opinions surrounding this problem. In the reality in which we find ourselves, it seems to us that deciding who lives, and the responsibility for all the events that culminate in such decisions, is still a subject left open to discussion.

Electronic Resource

1365-2826

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

In the Siberian hamster suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis of the pituitary, high affinity mt1 melatonin receptors are present. We have previously shown that night applied light pulse induced an increase in mt1 mRNA expression in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of this species, independently of the endogenous melatonin. Here, we report the photic regulation of melatonin receptor density and mRNA expression in the suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis of pinealectomized Siberian hamsters and the implication in this control of either the circadian clock or the intergeniculate leaflet. The results show that: (1) A 1-h light pulse, delivered during the night, induces a transitory increase in mt1 mRNA expression in the suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis. After 3 h this increase has totally disappeared (suprachiasmatic nuclei) or is greatly reduced (pars tuberalis). (2) The melatonin receptor density, in the suprachiasmatic nuclei, is not affected by 1 or 3 h of light, while it is strongly increased in the pars tuberalis. (3) In hamsters kept in constant darkness, the mt1 mRNA rise is gated to the subjective night in the suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis. In contrast, the light-induced increase in melatonin binding is also observed in the subjective day in the pars tuberalis. (4) intergeniculate leaflet lesion totally inhibits the mt1 mRNA expression rise in the suprachiasmatic nuclei, while it has no effect on the light-induced increase in mt1 mRNA in the pars tuberalis. However, the light-induced increase in melatonin receptor density is totally prevented by the intergeniculate leaflet lesion in the pars tuberalis. These results show that: (1) the photic regulations of mt1 mRNA expression and receptor density are independent of each other in both the suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis; and (2) the circadian clock and the intergeniculate leaflet are implicated in the photic regulation of melatonin receptors but their level of action differs totally between the suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis.

Electronic Resource

1365-2826

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Using quantitative autoradiography, we have studied the seasonal changes of high affinity melatonin receptor density in both the SCN and PT of the hedgehog, a seasonal breeder and an hibernator. Animals in 3 different physiological states were studied: sexually active animals, and sexually inactive animals during the hibernation period, being then either euthermic or hypothermic. In sexually active animals, Bmaax were 75.8 ± 7.1 fmol/mg protein in PT and 9.1 ± 0.5 fmol/mg protein in SCN; and Kd values were: 94 ± 22 pM in the PT and 101 ± 15 pM in the SCN. This specific binding was strongly decreased in the PT of sexually inactive animals. Moreover, this decrease was significantly stronger in hypothermic than in euthermic hedgehogs. Saturation studies and Scatchard analysis revealed that the observed decrease in the PT resulted from change in the Bmax but not in the Kd, Bmax values being respectively 56.4 ± 5.9 and 29.5 ± 1.9 fmol/mg protein in euthermic and hypothermic sexually at rest animals. In none of the different physiological states, did the density of melatonin receptors of the SCN show any changes, Bmaax values being respectively 9.8 ± 0.5 and 9.8 ± 0.4 fmol/mg protein in euthermic and hypothermic sexually at rest animals. This shows for the first time a tissue-specific regulation of melatonin receptor density occurring in the PT but not in the SCN. Furthermore, this decrease of binding in the PT is correlated with both sexual inactivity and hibernation period. This strongly suggests that the mediation of the photoperiodic effect on seasonal functions like seasonal hypothermia and reproduction involves an effect of melatonin on the PT rather than on the SCN.

Electronic Resource

1365-2826

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

We report here the effects of pinealectomy and exposition to constant light on the density of melatonin receptors in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the rat using quantitative autoradiography. The Bmaxvalues were significantly increased when the animals were maintained in constant light for 3 days (8.22 ± 0.95 fmol/mg protein versus 4.55±0.14 fmol/mg protein in control group, 12 h light/12 h dark cycle (12L/12D), n = 6). A similar increase was also observed in rats pinealectomized 3 days before sacrifice and then maintained either under 12L/12D (Bmax7.56±0.80 fmol/mg protein) or in constant light (Bmax7.85±1.02 fmol/mg protein), while Kdvalues failed to show any variations after constant light and/or pinealectomy.The effect of GTPγS on the density of rnelatonin binding sites was also investigated in control animals and after 3 days of constant light. In 12L/12D animals, the Bmax shifted from 5.94 ± 0.14 fmol/mg protein in the absence of GTPγS to 3.97±0.22 fmol/ mg protein in the presence of 50μiM GTPγS. In animals maintained for 3 days in constant light, a similar decrease in the Bmax value was observed (8.95 ± 0.25 fmol/mg protein in absence and 5.95 ± 0.22 fmol/mg protein in presence of 50 μ GTPγS). In both cases, Kd values were not affected by GTPγS.Pinealectomy and constant light exposition are known to induce a suppression of the nocturnal peak of plasma rnelatonin and to keep plasma rnelatonin concentrations at a very low level. These results could suggest a regulatory effect of rnelatonin on the density of its own receptors which are shown here to be also coupled with a G-protein.

Electronic Resource

1460-9568

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

The different mechanisms underlying the control of diurnal vs. nocturnal activity are still unknown. Regarding the nocturnal synthesis of the pineal hormone, melatonin, experiments performed on diurnal sheep or bovine and on nocturnal rat or hamster revealed important differences in the regulation of the melatonin rate-limiting enzyme, arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT). These observations raised the hypothesis that melatonin synthesis may be different in nocturnal vs. diurnal animals. In this study, we cloned the cDNA coding for Aa-nat and analysed the mechanisms of AA-NAT enzyme activation in the pineal gland of the diurnal grass rat, Arvicanthis ansorgei, and compared them to those of the nocturnal Wistar rat, Rattus norvegicus. Aa-nat gene sequences of both species are 86.6% identical. In Arvicanthis, Aa-nat gene expression is markedly increased at the beginning of the night and is followed by a large increase in AA-NAT activity and melatonin content. In contrast, at the end of the night, the decrease in AA-NAT activity and melatonin content precedes that of Aa-nat mRNA. A β-adrenergic agonist given at daytime reproduces the nocturnal activation of melatonin synthesis, whereas, a β-adrenergic antagonist given at night-time inhibits AA-NAT activity and melatonin synthesis independently of Aa-nat mRNA. The day–night regulation of melatonin synthesis in the pineal of the diurnal Arvicanthis, involving a transcriptional activation in early night and a post-translational inhibition at late night, is very similar to that of the nocturnal Wistar rat. In conclusion, the fundamental differences underlying melatonin synthesis among species rely upon phylogenetic rather than behavioural differences.

Electronic Resource

1750-3841

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

SUMMARY— A polarographic analytical procedure has been developed to give specific and quantitative responses based on the bromide content of food crops and other media. Improved extraction, ashing and oxidizing systems are used to improve recovery and reliability. The bromides present in plant material can be quantitatively removed with an aqueous-alcohol solution, leaving the major portions of fats, protein and sugars undissolved. The ashing of the residue from this extract is simplified and allows larger samples to be processed. An absorption-reaction train is used, first to oxidize the bromide to bromine and second from bromine to bromate. The bromate is measured for quantitation by polarography in a 1 M NH4OH/NH4CI solution. The polarogram is recorded using an applied voltage of −1 to −2 volts using the potential measured across the DME vs. a mercury pool. Application of this procedure has been made to 40 crops during the past three years. A mean recovery of 88.8 per cent has been calculated from fortified samples of every crop analyzed.

Electronic Resource

1440-1797

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Background and Aims:  Recombinant erythropoietin upregulates the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors, Flt-1 (VEGFR-1) and KDR/Flk-1 (VEGFR-2), in endothelial cells. The integrity of the VEGF system seems to be crucial for the regulation of endothelial permeability and thus for the avoidance of renal protein leakage. As albuminuria/proteinuria is a hallmark of diabetic nephropathy, we examined cross-sectionally in 35 type 1 and 37 type 2 diabetic patients with various degrees of renal dysfunction and albuminuria whether there was an interrelationship between intrinsic erythropoietin (EPO) and VEGF/Flt-1.Methods and Results:  In patients with plasma creatinine values ≤1.5 (n = 53) or 〉1.5 mg/dL (n = 19), the mean serum EPO was 5.6 ± 4.4 and 10.2 ± 7.0 mU/mL (P = 0.02), respectively. In the two groups, urinary and serum VEGF165 concentrations were similarly distributed (mean 94.3 ± 91.8 vs 108 ± 72.2 ng/L and 91.7 ± 76.8 vs 91.9 ± 74.9 ng/L, respectively; both P = NS). The mean urinary Flt-1 for the two groups amounted to 0.14 ± 0.35 and 0.51 ± 0.93 ng/mL (P = 0.045), respectively. No correlation between VEGF or Flt-1 and EPO was apparent.Conclusion:  Our data suggest that in vivo EPO does not affect the functionality and/or production of components of the VEGF/Flt-1 system in diabetics with normal or reduced renal function.

Electronic Resource

0044-3441

History

Philosophy

Theology and Religious Studies

Buchbesprechungen

0014-5793

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource