Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:G. Kempermann)

2013-05-11

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; *Behavior, Animal ; Body Weight ; Brain/anatomy & histology/embryology/physiology ; Female ; Hippocampus/anatomy & histology/*embryology/physiology ; *Individuality ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Models, Animal ; *Neurogenesis ; Neuronal Plasticity/*genetics ; Organ Size

2013-06-08

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain/cytology/*growth & development/physiology ; Bromodeoxyuridine/analysis/metabolism ; Carbon Radioisotopes/chemistry/metabolism ; Cell Division ; Cognition ; DNA/chemistry/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Hippocampus/cytology/growth & development ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; *Neurogenesis ; *Neuronal Plasticity ; Neurons/*cytology ; *Nuclear Weapons ; *Radioactive Fallout ; Young Adult

2012-03-10

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Dentate Gyrus/*cytology/*physiology ; Female ; *Neural Inhibition ; *Neurogenesis ; Neurons/*physiology ; *Synaptic Potentials

1460-9568

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

A number of reports have indicated that adult neurogenesis might be involved in hippocampal function. While increases in adult neurogenesis are paralleled by improvements on learning tasks and learning itself can promote the survival of newly generated neurons in the hippocampus, a causal link between learning processes and adult hippocampal neurogenesis is difficult to prove. Here, we addressed the related question of whether the baseline level of adult neurogenesis is predictive of performance on the water maze task as a test of hippocampal function. We used ten strains of recombinant inbred mice, based on C57BL/6, which are good learners and show high baseline levels of neurogenesis, and DBA/2, which are known to be poor learners and which exhibit low levels of adult neurogenesis. Two of these strains, BXD-2 and BXD-8, showed a 26-fold difference in the number of newly generated neurons per hippocampus. Over all strains, including the parental strains, there was a significant correlation between the number of new neurons generated in the dentate gyrus and parameters describing the acquisition of the water maze task (slope of the learning curves). Similar results were seen when the parental strains were not included in the analysis. There was no correlation between adult hippocampal neurogenesis and probe trial performance, performance on the rotarod, overall locomotor activity, and baseline serum corticosterone levels. This result supports the hypothesis that adult neurogenesis is involved in specific aspects of hippocampal function, particularly the acquisition of new information.

Electronic Resource

1365-2559

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

This review article surveys clinical and pathological literature on endolymphatic sac tumours (ELST) and summarizes characteristics that describe the entity.ELST are rare neuroectodermal neoplasms in the petrous bone, originating from inner ear structures. They can be encountered sporadically or in von Hippel–Lindau disease. The most prominent symptom is sensorineural deafness. Historically, nomenclature of invasive adenoid tumours in the petrous bone has been divergent, the term papillary adenocarcinoma used most frequently. Histologically, they have a follicular or papillary and adenoid pattern that can be easily confused with various other neoplastic conditions including metastatic carcinoma. It remains to be verified whether similar tumours (papillary adenocarcinomas) can originate from the middle ear. Middle ear adenomas have a similar appearance but probably originate from neural crest cells in the middle ear. ELST can express a variety of epitopes (including cytokeratin and neuro-ectodermal markers) which can be detected immunohistochemically.In cases of von Hippel–Lindau disease the cerebello-pontine angle should be included in routine radiological examinations to detect ELST before the tumours lead to deafness. In apparently sporadic cases of ELST, genetic testing for von Hippel–Lindau disease should be considered. Correct distinction of ELST from metastatic carcinoma prevents futile searches for unknown primary tumours.

Electronic Resource

1433-0407

Schlüsselwörter Neurogenese ; Neurodegeneration ; Neuroregeneration ; Stammzellen ; Neuronale Vorläuferzellen ; Key words Neurogenesis ; Stem cells ; Neuronal progenitors

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary A growing branch of neuroscience is investigating conditions that permit neurogenesis in the adult brain. Partially, this aims at using the neuroectodermal stem or precursor cells that persist in the adult brain to induce neuroregenerative processes in the treatment for neurologic disorders. In ex vivo approaches, isolated precursor cells are implanted into the host brain, while in vivo concepts favor a stimulation of precursor cells in situ.

Zusammenfassung Ein wachsender Zweig neurowissenschaftlicher Forschung untersucht die Bedingungen, unter denen auch im erwachsenen Gehirn noch Neurogenese möglich ist. Dahinter steht u.a. das Ziel, im adulten Gehirn persistierende neuroektodermale Stamm- und Vorläuferzellpopulationen zur zellulären Neuroregeneration bei neurologischen Erkrankungen einsetzbar zu machen. Dies könnte ex vivo als Implantation isolierter Vorläuferzellen oder in vivo durch Beeinflussung der ruhenden Vorläuferzellen in situ geschehen.

Electronic Resource