Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:D. Leo)

2011-07-05

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Action Potentials ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; *Cell Differentiation/genetics/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; *Cellular Reprogramming/genetics/physiology ; Dopamine/*metabolism/secretion ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology ; Fibroblasts/*cytology/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; LIM-Homeodomain Proteins ; Mice ; Neurons/*cytology/*metabolism/secretion ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2/genetics/metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Parkinson Disease/pathology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Regenerative Medicine ; Skin/cytology ; Transcription Factors

1750-3841

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

: Bubble inclusion is one of the fastest growing operations practiced in the food industry. A variety of aerated foods is currently available in supermarkets, and newer products are emerging all the time. This paper aims to combine knowledge on chocolate aeration with studies performed on bubble formation and dispersion characteristics. More specifically, we have investigated bubble formation induced by applying vacuum. Experimental methods to determine gas hold-up (volume fraction of air), bubble section distributions along specific planes, and chocolate rheological properties are presented. This study concludes that decreasing pressures elevate gas hold-up values due to an increase in the number of bubble nuclei being formed and release of a greater volume of dissolved gases. Furthermore, bubbles are observed to be larger at lower pressures for a set amount of gas because the internal pressure needs to be in equilibrium with the surrounding pressures. Temperature-induced changes to the properties of the chocolate have less of an effect on bubble formation. On the other hand, when different fats and emulsifiers are added to a standard chocolate recipe, milk fat was found to increase, significantly, the gas hold-up values and the mean bubble-section diameters. It is hypothesized that this behavior is related to the way milk fats, which contain different fatty acids to cocoa butter, crystallize and influence the setting properties of the final product. It is highlighted that apparent viscosity values at low shear rate, as well as setting behavior, play an important role in terms of bubble formation and entrainment.

Electronic Resource

0006-3592

reverse micelles ; extraction ; horseradish peroxidase purification ; AOT ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Biology

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Phase transfer studies were carried out on the solubilization of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (E.C. 1.11.1.7) in reverse micelles formed in isooctane using the anionic surfactant, aerosol OT, at concentrations between 50 and 110mM. The selectivity of this methodology was tested, because the HRP used comprised a mixture of seven different isoenzymes with a wide range of isoelectric points. Forward and backward transfers were carried out in wellstirred vessels until equilibrium was reached. Significant protein partitioning could only be obtained by using NaCl to adjust ionic strength in pH range between 1.5 and 3.5, with a maximum at pH 3. The back transfer process was best at pH 8 with 80mM phosphate buffer and 1 M KCI. A loss of 1% to 3% of the surfactant through precipitation at the interface at pH〈4 was observed, which may be due to instability in this pH region, because, even without protein, a similar precipitate was noticed. Protein partitioning was approximately constant when the ionic strength was increased up to 1 MNaCl at pH 3, but protein recovery in back transfer decreased accordingly. Hydrophobic interactions together with association between the protein and surfactant might be responsible for that behavior. Protein partitioning remained the same when the surfactant concentration was decreased to 50 mM, at the expense of higher variability. HPLC chromatograms showed no apparent damage to the protein after reverse micellar extraction. Protein partitioning is best when the temperature is kept at 25×C. The amount of protein and specific activity recovered strongly depends on the phase ratio used during forward transfer. Overall activity recovery varied from 87% to 136% when the phase ratio was increased from 1:1 to 30:1 in forward transfer. This behavior may be due to a change in the ratio of the three isoenzymes recovered after the backward transfer process, with the most active one being increasingly enriched at higher phase ratios. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

7 Ill.

Electronic Resource

0001-1541

Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Protein partitioning kinetics was measured for the semibatch extraction of lysozyme in a laboratory-scale, liquid-liquid spray column. The organic, isooctane phase contained reverse micelles formed from the anionic surfactant, sodium di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate. For the extraction of protein from aqueous to reverse micellar phases, experiments were performed over a range of dispersed-phase flow rates for cases of the organic- or aqueous-phase dispersion. The influence of aqueous-phase pH and ionic strength, which influence electrostatic interactions between protein and reverse micelles, was also investigated. Results were interpreted in terms of a two-film model of mass transfer. The nature of the dispersed pahse could significantly influence the partitioning kinetics, while study of the droplet hydrodynamics suggested that stagnant drops were formed regardless of which phase was dispersed. Literature correlations for describing the droplet-formation process and droplet hydrodynamics predicted measured values satisfactorily. Attempts wer also made to predict overall mass-transfer coefficients based on existing correlations describing mass transfer during droplet formation, free rise (or fall), and coalescene. Predicted values of KL were 2-10 times greater than measured values, probably because of large concentrations of surfactant used to formulate the reverse micelle phases. This approach did, however, provide detailed information on the quantity of protein transferred during the successive processes of droplet formation, free rise (or fall) and coalescence.

7 Ill.

Electronic Resource

0268-2575

Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Electronic Resource

book

1983

Computerunterstützter Unterricht ; Leseunterricht

English

article

2008

Strukturfonds ; Projektbewertung ; Europäische Union ; Griechenland

International journal of logistics economics and globalisation, Bd. 1 (2008) H. 2, S. 190-204, 1741-5373

English

2018-01-28

BMJ Publishing

2044-6055

Medicine

Open access, Epidemiology

2018-11-27

American Physical Society (APS)

1098-0121

1095-3795

Physics

Magnetism

1365-2427

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

SUMMARY. 1. During a 2-year study of the fish and macroinvertebrates of a third-order montane stream, a severe drought in the first year resulted in a temporary cessation of surface flow. Flow was continuous during the second year.2. Some taxa (e.g. Ophiogomphus severus) exhibited higher density during the drought year, others declined in abundance during low flow (e.g. Baetis spp.), whereas a few (e.g. Tricorythodes minutus) appeared unaffected. Total macroinvertebrate density decreased by 50% during the low flow year compared to the normal flow year. Mayflies were most severely affected, but also exhibited the most dramatic recovery.3. The collector-gatherer functional feeding group was abundant only during the normal flow year, whereas shredders and predators exhibited increased relative abundance during low flow.4. Fish populations were severely reduced in the low flow year. However, fishes rapidly invaded the area following resumption of normal flow.

Electronic Resource

0022-1309

Psychology

0165-0327

Depression - Elderly - Medical disturbances - DSM-III - Geriatric

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Medicine

Psychology

Electronic Resource

1543-6136

suicide attempts ; seasonality ; temporal fluctuations ; WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Parasuicide

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract The temporal variations (month of the year, day of the week, and time of day) in attempted suicide have been studied from data on 13,553 suicide attempts by persons aged 15 years and over from 13 centres participating in the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Parasuicide mainly in the three-year period 1990–1992. Seasonal and temporal fluctuation in suicide attempts were found throughout Europe. The seasonal pattern for attempted suicide was similar with that seen for suicide with a spring peak and a nadir in December, but only in females. In contrast with suicide, in which deaths are most common on Mondays, the peak days for attempted suicide was Sunday with fewest attempts occurring on Friday. Again this pattern was only statistically significant in females. The peak time of day for attempted suicide in both series was the late evening, whereas suicide is most frequent in the daytime. Our finding that half of the suicide attempts occur in the evening or early part of the night is particularly relevant to prevention, especially the availability of telephone help-lines and the accessibility of other sources of help for people in crisis.

Electronic Resource

1543-6136

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1543-6136

social support ; suicide attempters

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract In order to measure social support among suicide attempters, an instrument was especially designed to be included in the follow-up interview study being part of the WHO/Euro Multicentre Study on Parasuicide which is carried out in cooperation with EC Concerted Action on Attempted Suicide. In this paper, which is to be the first in a series, the theories behind the design and the methodology are discussed, and some general results presented. Judged by the level of the need for support, there are some differences between the 10 European areas under study, but judged by the individual's perception of to what degree his needs are met, somewhat to our surprise the majority of the suicide attempters in the various areas under study agree in feeling that their needs for support are met to a great extent.

Electronic Resource

1437-1596

Saliva, identification ; Stamps, saliva identification ; Speichel, Identifizierung ; Briefmarken, Speichelnachweis

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Law

Zusammenfassung Die Identifizierung von Speichel auf Briefmarken oder Briefumschlägen ist ein nicht extensiv untersuchtes Problem. In der Praxis wird sie nämlich in den meisten Laboratorien selten durchgeführt. Doch diese Tatsache schmälert nicht die Wichtigkeit dieser Untersuchung. Die meisten Autoren betrachten die Amylase als ein ausreichend spezifisches Merkmal für das Vorkommen von Speichel; die einzige andere menschliche Körperflüssigkeit, die diese Menge von Enzym in hoher Konzentration enthält, ist der Bauchspeicheldrüsensaft (Pankreassaft) — (und deshalb auch Kot). Hier präsentieren wir eine einfache und empfindliche Untersuchung zur Bestimmung der α-Amylase, zu der man ein im Handel erhältliches Substrat benutzt. Dieses wird durch Amylase hydrolisiert, so daß blaue lösliche Fragmente entstehen, die man photometrisch messen kann. Hierdurch lassen sich objektive Ergebnisse erzielen. Die vorgestellte Untersuchung erlaubt es 1×10−6 verdünnte Speichelproben oder die auf 0,5 mg einer Briefmarke vorhandene Menge zu identifizieren; 16 Jahre alte Proben könnten auch identifiziert werden. Untersuchungen zur Variation innerhalb des gleichen Ansatzes sowie zur Variation von einem Ansatz zum anderen (Tag zu Tag) ergaben Variations-Coeffizienten von 10,8% bzw. 13,7%. Dank der hohen Empfindlichkeit des Tests können manuell berührte Proben oder Reagenzien eine Kontamination durch Speichelspuren aufweisen, wodurch falsch-positive Resultate entstehen. Der Zusatz von EDTA 0,1 mol/l zur Inkubationsmischung beseitigt dieses Problem, indem hierdurch die Empfindlichkeit zu einer Speichelverdünnung von 1×10−3 verringert wird.

Summary Identification of saliva on stamps or envelope flaps remains yet a not widely studied problem. In most forensic laboratories it is seldom carried out, but this fact does not reduce the importance of the assay. Most authors consider amylase a sufficiently specific marker of the presence of saliva; really, the only other human body fluid that contains high amounts of this enzyme is the pancreatic juice (and therefore feces). Here we present a simple and sensitive assay for the determination of α-amylase that uses a commercially available and well-known substrate. It is hydrolyzed by amylase with the production of soluble blue fragments, that can be measured by photometry, obtaining objective results. The presented assay identifies 1×10−6 diluted saliva or that present on 0.5 mg of a stamp; 16-year-old samples can also be identified. Intra-assay and day-to-day CV resulted in 10.8% and 13.7%, respectively. Owing to the high sensitivity of the test, handling samples or reagents can introduce contamination with saliva traces, giving false-positive results. Addition of EDTA 0.1 mol/l to the incubation mixture, lowering the sensitivity to 1 × 10−3 diluted saliva, overcomes this problem.

Electronic Resource

1437-1596

Polyagglutination ; Tn-Antigen ; Lectins ; Tn-Antigene ; Lectine

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Law

Zusammenfassung Es wird über eine erythrozytäre Polyagglutination eines gesunden Blutspenders berichtet. Nach einer Revision aktueller Literatur werden Ergebnisse klinischer und serologischer Tests dargestellt, die zur Diagnose einer Polyagglutinabilität des Typs Tn führt. Dies ist der sechste in der Literatur und mitgeteilte Fall von Tn-Polyagglutinabilität bei einem gesunden Blutspender. Über die klinische und gerichtliche Bedeutung des seltenen Phänomens wird diskutiert.

Summary A case of erythrocytic polyagglutination in a healthy blood donor is reported. After a review of current literature, the results of clinical and serologic tests which led to the diagnosis of Tn-red cells polyagglutination are presented. This is only the sixth case of Tn-activation in a healthy blood donor. The clinical and forensic significance of this rare phenomenon is discussed.

Electronic Resource

1432-0711

Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire ; Zung SDS ; Chronic pelvic pain ; Organic ; Idiopathic ; Depression

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Using the Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire (MHQ) and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) psychological distress was measured in 30 women who underwent laparoscopy for chronic pelvic pain and in 30 matched controls. Both organic pelvic pain patients (OPPs) and idiopathic pelvic pain patients (IPPs) reported higher scores for somatisation than controls. IPPs scored higher than OPPs and controls on the Zung SDS, while no difference emerged in this scale between OPPs and controls. No correlations were found between age or duration of symptoms and somatisation and depression scores. On the basis of the above reported results the authors suggest that some forms of idiopathic chronic pelvic pain might represent an expression of a depressive disorder.

Electronic Resource

1433-9285

Key words Attempted suicide ; Suicide methods ; Deliberate overdose ; Europe

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Background: National suicide statistics show remarkable differences in the frequencies of various methods used for completed suicide. The WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Parasuicide makes possible for the first time an international comparison of the frequencies of methods used in attempted suicide, because the data are based on geographical catchment areas of medical institutions. Method: Ongoing standardized monitoring of attempted suicide in all medical institutions serving the catchment areas was performed in 14 centres in 12 European countries. The data analysis is based on 20,649 events involving 15,530 persons, recorded between 1989 and 1993. Results: The comparison of rates per 100,000 shows striking differences between the centres. The highest rates for drug overdoses were found for female attempters in Oxford (347/100,000), Helsinki (238/100,000) and Stockholm (221/100,000). Guipuzcoa had the lowest rates (61/100,000). The differences were most prominent in the age group 15–24, with outstanding rates for women in Oxford (653/100,000), which was mainly due to the frequent use of analgesics. Szeged had outstandingly high rates for pesticides and solvents. In some centres the use of multiple methods was frequent. Conclusions: There is a need, especially for areas with high frequencies for certain methods, to understand the factors involved and to develop new and specific prevention projects and to monitor their effects. The WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Parasuicide has proved to be a useful and reliable instrument for continuous monitoring of trends in parasuicide.

Electronic Resource

0022-3980

Psychology